The series of conferences between the wars was intended to reduce the threat of another war, by limiting the numbers of capital ships which could be built by the big powers. The London Naval Treaty was successful in that interwar arms were limited, international co-operation had been demonstrated, and there was public optimism for global peace. However, the assassination of Hamaguchi, the Japanese Prime minister who had signed the Treaty, was the signal for a global slide into militarism. The Great Depression and the rise of Nazi Germany ensured that the 1935 London Naval Conference was a failure, and rearmament dominated national and global affairs.
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