Naval Accounts and Inventories in the Reign of Henry VII

Vol 8 (1896), M Oppenheim

More accurately, the reigns of Richard III and Henry VII: this prints two books of accounts of successive Clerks of the Kings Ships; Thomas Roger’s for 1485-88 and Robert Brygandyne’s for 1495-97. They present a detailed picture of naval administration, ships and their equipment at the end of the Middle Ages.

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AFTERSKULLES, 193, 202 Alawe, 176, 194 Anchors, price of, 13, 246, 320, 321 Anfeld, 88 Arbitration, 248 Astry, Ralph, 74 Ay ton, xlix, 103 BALEN, 39 Ballast, price of, 167 Bayle, 195 Beddes, 84 Bees, 38 Berd, Robert, xvi Betelles, 109 Bitakles, 51 Boats, xxvi, 14 Boat tackles, xxvii Bolsters, 152 Bolt, 206 Bonnets, 40 Bounty system, xxxi, xxxii Bowesesynges, 36 Bowman, Piers, xvii Boxes, 84 Brandon, Thos., 31, 42 Brasses, 48 Bray, Sir Reginald, xxii-xxiv, xxxviii, 47, 139, 140 Brennyng, 16 Brikelsey, 92 Brittany, xxx Brome, 175 Bryles, 48 Brygandyne, Robert, x, xix, xx, xxiv, xxxviii, xxxix, 135-8 — Alice, xx, 324 Brytton tackle, 188 Bukhorne, 24 Bull, Stephen, 128, 281 Bumbardell, 86 Bursledon, xxxvii, 22, 24, 27 CADE, 17, 163 Caggeyng, 12, 52, 192, 281 Candles, price of, 177 Cannon, xxxiv, 104 — shot, xxxv, 104 Canvas, xxvii , 13, 184, 206, 242, 262, 277, 297, 320 Capel, Sir Wm., 25 Capstans, 191, 192, 259 Carpenters, wages of, 144-8 Carriage of stores, cost of, 18, 26, 145, 146, 149, 150, 155, 175, 180, 186, 228, 230, 240, 248-51, 313 Carrys, 151 Cartclowts, 92, 150 Cartsaddell, 86, 117, 124 Carvel nails, 152, 228 Carvel of Ewe, 28 Casting caltraps, 83 Catton, Wm., xvi Caulkers, 17,178, 231-3 Chains, iron mooring, xxix, 230, 239 Charcoal, xxxv. See also Colepoudre 346 INDEX Chymell, 87 Chymneys, 102 Clerk of the Ships, character of office of, xiv, xv, xxiv ; the Clerks under John, xv ; under Henry V. and Henry VI., xvi; under Edward IV., xvii; under Henry VII., xviii-xx; payments to Clerks, 7-11, 138-43 Clifford, Sir Robert, 264 Cloffborde, 292, 312, 313 Clyvedon, Richard, xvi Coal, price of, 150 Cobardes, 250 Colepoudre, 97 Colkes, 36 Colpresses, 86 Columbe of France, xxiii Combresale, Wm., xix, 66, 80, 81, 156 Compasses, price of, 323 Conke, 100 Cordage, xxvii, 12, 13, 20, 184, 196, 206, 243-5, 262, 263, 274-6, 290, 297, 321 Cornish rebellion, xlv, xlvi Courtemen, 154 Cowchyng, 155, 167 Crane line, 40 Crown, gilt, 39 Cuckold’s Creek, 229 Curtowe, 84 DAGSWAYNS, 50, n. 4 Dates, calculation of, 21 n^ 178 n. Daviottes, 49, 192 Dedemeneyne, 38 Demy launces, 102 Destrelles, 192 Dise, 83, TOO, 195 Dobles, 50 Docks, xxxvii, 23, 26, 64, 67 — dry, xxxvi, xxxviii Donage, 251 Draughtes, 99, 107 Drifattes, 87, 121 Dryfte pynnes, 152 Dryngs, 48 EDWARD IV., restores navy, xiii, and administration, xiv Elston, 229, 238, 252 Endes, 97, 126 Engineering, naval, xxxix Expenditure, general naval, x, 33-5, 143, 344 — office, 33 — on fortifications of Portsmouth, xxxvi — on Portsmouth Dock, 143 — on repairing Regent, 143 — — — Sovereign, xli, 143 FARE carts, 84 Faucons, 97 File, 90 Flags, xxvi Flax, price of, 227 Flowredelyeez, 190 Fodre, 97 Forest bills, 39 Forlokkes, 84, 194, 247 France, as a rival, xxx, xxxi GAFFOLLES, no Gale, Thos., xviii Garlands, 189, 200, 322 Gittons, 40, 260 Gonne pekkes, 72 — stokkes, 246, 290 Governor, xiii, xxiii, 26-8, 70-4 Grace Dieu (of Henry V.), xvi, xxxvii — — (of Edward IV.), xiii, xxiii, 9, 20-3, 36-47 — — (merchantman), xxxi Grapers, 50 Greenwich, storehouse at, xxxvi Guldeford, Sir John, xxi — Sir Richard, xxi-xxiii, 70 Guncarriages, xxxv Gunners, Iv, 130 Gunpowder, xxxv, 13, 20 Gunstones, 69 Gyes, 272 HABERDYNE, 166 Hakebusses, 50 Halberds, 99, 117 Hale, 99 INDEX 347 Haliers, 91 Halse, 46 Hamble river, xxxvi, xxxvii, 36 Heggebilles, 97 Henche poles, 37 Henry V., navy at decease of, xi; debts of, xii; shipbuilding” by, xiv Henry VI., navy under, xiii Henry VII., naval policy of, xi, xxxvi; interest of, in navy, xxi ; building policy of, xxiii, xxxii; inaugurates the bounty system, xxxi; purchases foreign ships, xxxii, xxxiii; and the Scotch war, xliv, xlv, 1, li ; peaceful conclusion of his reign, Ivi; founds Portsmouth dockyard, xxxvi Hoke ropes, 37 Hundredweight, contents of, 243 n. Hungry, 112 IRON, price of, 149, 173, 227 AMES IV., of Scotland, xliv-1 ayne, 7, 32, 79 ohn de Fole, 29 onkes, 49 KAYES, 84 Keeles, 72 Keeper of the King’s ships, see Clerk of the Ships LABOURERS, wages of, 144-8, 234 Lanteres, 51, 56 Lastage, 23 Laten, 39 Latescaltraps, 97 Latheborde, 192 Layners, 37 Leather, 229 — hungry, 112 Leche hokes, 38, 268 Libard, 92 Litton, Sir Robert, 141, 142 Lodemanage, 24 Louffelawes, 192, 215 Loves, 38 Luffhooks, 73 Lymores, 84 Lynces, 84 Lyneyer arrows, 96 MALLES, 39 Mantlet, 91, 99 Mapoldes, 16 Marespikes, 87 Margaret, 29 Martin Garsia, xiii, xxi, xxiii, 67-70 Mary Fortune, xxix, liii, 312-37 Mary Guldeford, xxi, 28, 78 Mary of Portsmouth, 29 Mary of the Tower, xiii, xxiii, xiii, 12-20, 23, 26, 47-66, 75, 186, 247 Mary Turberville, 29 Masons, wages of, 230, 231 Masts, xxv, xxvi — prices of, 14, 183, 241, 297, 320, 321 Maundes, 73, 197 Merling irons, 56 Messengers, payments to, 10, 30-2 Miche (of a pump), 157, 209 — (of a gun), 194, 247, 261 Mylleyn nedylles, 242 NAILS, price of, 15, 16, 150, 152, 155, 173, 181, 228, 229, 293, 314 Navy under Henry V., xi, xii, xiv ; under Henry VI., xii, xiii — under Edward IV, xiii Nest, John, xxxviii, 144, 146 Norham Castle, xlvi OAKUM, price of, 15, 175, 227, 294, 3M Oars, price of, 167, 185, 246, 298, 322 Officers, pay of, xiii, xliii, 20-9, 161-72, 218-23, 353 Oil, price of, 177, 225 Outriggers, 51, 191 PAGES, 22 Pakke hokes, 38 348 INDEX Palmer, Henry, 9, 10, 11, 30, 31 Panell, 117 Parliamentary grants, xlv Pavesses, 51, 95, 261 Pay, xlii, xliii. See also Officers, pay of, and Seamen, pay of Paynters, 44, 68, 258 Peall, 7 Pellettes, 95, 97, 99,100 Pettes, 151 Piles, 129 Pitch, price of, 14, 152, 176, 181, 224,294,314 Plate, 88 Plompes, 272, 311 Poleis, 36, 74 — price of, 323 Pollankre, 47 Portholes, xxvii Portsmouth dock, xxxv-xli, 142-60 — fortifications of, xxxvi — stores at, 158, 160 Pourte, keeper of the, 163, 164 Prik, 99 Prymers, 100 Pump, price of, 298, 322 Purser, 21. QUAIR, 132 Quarters, 235 RATHES, 102 Receipts, see Clerk of the Ships, payments to, Regent, x, xxiii, xxv, xxvi, xxviii, xxix, xlii, xliii, xlvii, liii, 218-90 — cost of removing and unmooring, 229, 230, 238, 252 — — paving a kitchen in, 230 Rennyng glasses, 51 Rewards, 147, 148, M9, 252, 325 Robinet, 89 Roger, Elizabeth, xix — Joan, 5, 80 — Thomas, ix, xvii-xix, xxiii; patent of, 3-6 Rosin, price of, 177, 226, 294 Rosses, 152 Rove nails, 15 Russewale, 38, 45 SAIL needles, price of, 185, 297 Sails, 206, 277, 299, 308, 324 Saltpetre, xxxv Sawborde, price of, 226, 293 Sawyers, wages of, 144-7, *8o, 235, 296, 313 Say, 14, 40, 43 Scopettes, 40 Scotch war of 1496-7, xliv-lv Sculls, price of, 13 Seamen, pay of, 17, 20-9, 161-72, 218-23, 251, 253 — Spanish, hired, 27, 32 Serpentines, 19 Shaffe hokes, 40, 46 Sheaf of steel, 150 Sheepskins, price of, 16, 174, 226, 294 Sheggye shevys, 251 Sherehokes, 39 Sheves, 36, 61 Shipbuilding, xiii, xiv, 34 Ships, armament of, xxiv, xxv, liii, 55,59,69,195,216,261,274,303, 329,339-343 … . — building of, xxin, xxiv, 9, 291, 299, 312, 320, 325 — Clerk of, see Clerk of the Ships — cost of keeping in harbour, 20-8, 224, 254. — decoration of, xxvi, 237 — hired, xxxiii, xlvii, 9, 28, 29 — repairs of, xiv, xvii, 181, 187 — rigging of, xxv, xxvi — royal, hired out, xxx, xlii, 25, 57, 58, 218 — Spanish, xxxii, xxxiii, 9, 78 Shipwrights, Iv — wages of, 16, 17, 22, 153, 164, 178-83, 231-3, 294-6, 315-19 Shores, 175 Shot, xxxv — of cables, 184, 244 Shovels, price of, 15, 22, 185 Shutyng, 150 Skopperlethers, price of, 298, 322 Smythes coles, 174, 228 — wages, 180, 236 Somercastell, 176 Somerset, Sir Charles, 78 Soper, William, xvi Sovereign, x, xxii, xxiv-xxvi, xxviii, xl, xli, 34, 79, 161-218 INDEX 349 Sovereign, defending, from ice, 164 Sounding leads, price of, 322 — line, length of, 322 n. Spanish mediation between Henry VII. and James IV., 1-lii Spynnyng, 153 Stakes, 90 Staves, 88 Steel, price of, 150 Stodynges, 48, 211 Stok Bray, 250 Stone guns, 194 Storehouse at Greenwich, xxxvi, 9, 10, 26, 30, 60, 74-81 Stores sent north for Scotch war, 82-132 — expended in Scotch war, liii, liv Strakes, 96 Strekeropes, 37, 255 Styroppes, 152 Surrey, Thomas Howard, Earl of, x, xlv-lii Sweepstake, xxix, liii, 291-312 Sye, 153, 293 Symondes, Richard, xxi TAKETTS, 88 Tallow, price of, 177, 225, 294, 314 Tallowood, 227 Tally, 8 Tampypns, 69 Tar, price of, 14,152, 177, 181, 224, 294, 299, 314 Tergo, 96 Thrums, 16 Tillettes, no Timber, price of, 14, 151, 154, 176, 226, 292, 312 Tontight, 154, 186, 249, 250 Toparmours, 14 Touchpowder, 88 Tramelles, 83 Tree, 37 Trestelles, 95 Trussed, 82 Tudor, Margaret, lii Tugges, 96 Turberville, Sir John, 29, 41 Tusserdes, 164 Twys, 240 VICTUALLING, xliii, 17,20-8,145-7, 155, 161-6, 179, 180-3, 219-24, 231-7, 253, 294-6, 315-19 WALE trees, 72 Waller, Alice, xxi Warbeck, Perkin, xliv-xlvi, 1, lii Wareley, Thomas, 139-42 Warre takkes, 71, 199 Wast trees, 50 Waynscottes, 226 Wheleropes, 37, 211 Wheles, 189, 211 Wilken rammers, 91, 156 William of Wrotham, xv Willoughby de Broke, Robert, Lord, xlviii, 103 Wollyng, 207 Woolhouse at Southampton, 245 YEOMAN of the Crown, xvi, xix, 28 PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STRR

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About Michael Oppenheim

Michael Oppenheim was born in 1853 and brought up in London. He qualified as a surgeon and served as such in merchant ships for a number of years, an experience that seems to have engendered his interest in maritime and naval history. Between 1891 and 1894 he wrote a series of articles for The English Historical Review which were subsequently consolidated into his ground breaking book on The History of the Administration of the Royal Navy…From 1509 to 1660, published in 1896. In the same year, he edited a volume on the navy under Henry VIII for the Navy Records Society, later editing the five volume of Monson Tracts. He also wrote substantial chapters on maritime history for eight volumes of the Victoria County Histories. Despite having had no formal training as a historian, Oppenheim became a remarkably shrewd analyst and critic of historical sources. However, criticism of his work, and his being denied access to Pepys’ papers at Magdalene College, Cambridge, caused him to abandon plans for a continuation of the history of administration to 1714, and in 1914 he abandoned writing altogether. He died in Italy in 1927.

Publications include:

• A history of the administration of the Royal Navy and of merchant shipping in relation to the Navy from 1509 to 1660 with an introduction treating of the preceding period. London: John Lane. The Bodley Head, 1896; Aldershot: Temple Smith, 1988.
• Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII, 1485-8 and 1495-7, edited by M. Oppenheim. Publications of the Navy Records Society, vol 8. [London]: Printed for the Navy Records Society, 1896.
• The Spanish conquest in America: and its relation to the history of slavery and to the government of colonies, by Sir Arthur Helps A new ed., edited, with an introduction, maps, and notes by M. Oppenheim. Four volumes. London; New York : John Lane, 1900–04
• The Naval tracts of Sir William Monson in six books, edited with a commentary drawn from the State papers and other original sources by M. Oppenheim. Publications of the Navy Records Society, vols. 22, 23, 43, 45, 47. [London]: Printed for the Navy Records Society, 1902–1914.
• The maritime history of Devon by M. M. Oppenheim; with an introduction by W. E. Minchinton. Exeter: University of Exeter, 1968.

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Naval Accounts and Inventories in the Reign of Henry VII

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