Edward Hawke 1705-1781) had a long and distinguished career in the Royal Navy, serving for over half a century and finally becoming First Lord of the Admiralty.
This volume is a selection of his papers chosen from between 1743 and 1771, providing information on every significant stage in Hawke’s career combined with a connected sequence of documents for the outstanding campaign of 1759-60 during the Seven Years War.
His peacetime command at Portsmouth between 1748 and 1754 is also documented together with his post of First Lord from which he retired in 1771. Hawke has been the greatest naval commander of his generation, of whom Horace Walpole wrote ‘Lord Hawke is dead and does not seem to have bequeathed his mantle to anybody’.
This volume brings together papers to and from Hawke; the sources are the Public Record Office, the National Maritime Museum and the British Library.
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INDEX Highest ranks and titles are given here. Footnotes with biographical details will usually be found under first mention in the text; for example: Watson, V.-Adm. Charles: 16n refers to the text and the footnote. An asterisk indicates an article in the D.N.B. Ackworth, Sir Jacob (d. 1749): 96n Admiralty: control over Hawke’s strategy (1759), 208, 291-2, 308-9, 313-14, 316-18, 322, 329, 331-2, 338; control over distribution of ships (1762), 368, 380, 383-4; frequency of Board meetings (1750-1), 106; (1766- 71), xx, 448; letters patent appointing Lds of Ady, 398, 423, 441; quality of minutes (1766-71), 397 Aiguillon, (Gen.) due d’: 355 Aix, Isle of: 174-7, 184, 200, 300, 348, 356, 359 Alien, Adm. John Carter (d. 1800): 472n, 473 Ambrose, Capt. John (d. 1771): lOn ‘Amherst, Adm. John (17187-1778): 142n, 464 Angel, Capt. Henry (d. 1777): 378n Animals at sea: 108n *Anson, Adm. of the Fleet George, 1st Baron (1697-1762): xvii n, 21, 25-6, 38, 40-1, 56-7, 59-60, 95-7, 107-8; as 1st Ld (1751-6), HOn, 113-14, 125, 130, 132, 140; (1757-8), 151, 178-9, 182-3, 185, 191-5, 204; (1759), 209, 213, 225, 232-3, 259, 266, 279, 288, 303, 357-8; (1760), 362-3, 367; (1762), 368-71, 382-3, 385n. *Arbuthnot, Adm. Marriot (1711?- 1794): 34In, 349 Arche, Novel (of Conquet): 246 Arthur, Lt. David: 46In Audierne Bay: 219-20, 223, 241, 254-5, 260, 262 Auray: 269, 292, 299, 305-6, 311, 313, 315-16, 326-7, 332, 341, 351, 362, 372 Baird, Capt. Patrick (d. 1761): 44n, 50, 271,350 Balfour, Capt. George (d. 1794): 217n, 270,275,324,458,461 Barradale, Capt. Blumfield (d. 1749): 40,41n,49 *Barrington, Adm. Hon. Samuel (1729- 1800): 171 n, 217, 270, 275, 311-13, 326, 334, 388,429, 453, 465 *Barrington, William Wildman, 2nd Visct. (1717-93): 23n, 25-6, 90, 107, 160, 163 Bateman, John, 2nd Visct. (d. 1783): 132, 140 Bateman, Capt. Hon. William (d. 1783): 45n Basque Road(s): 43; (1757), 174-5, 178- 80, 184, 186-7; (1758), 191, 193, 198- 201; (1759), 289, 300, 336, 359-61; (1761), 378 Battles: Toulon (1744), xvii, 3-4, 15-17, 21; First Finisterre (5/47), xvii, 40; Second Finisterre (10/47), xvii-xviii, 21, 41, 51-85; Minorca (1756), 12n, 137, 139; Minden (1759), 272; Lagos 501 502 INDEX (1759), 55n, 114n, 155n, 171n, 277n, 285, 328; Quiberon Bay (1759) xix, 21-2, 207-8, 344-57; Ushant (1778), 62n, 290n, 434n, 445n, 447n, 46In; Saints (1782), 23n; First of June (1794), 290n; and see Basque Roads (1758) Bauffrement, (Adm.) chevalier de (d. 1781): 213, 348 Beauclerk, Adm. Lord Vere (1699- 1781):38n,90 *Bedford, John Russell, 4th Duke of (1710-71): 23n Beer: (1743), 4; (1747) 36, 45, 48n; (1759), 209-10, 226-8, 237, 253n, 254, 258, 261-2, 264; hot summer 265; 266-7, 269; Portsmouth, etc., ‘held good’ 272; 274; ‘dreadful stroke’ 278; 281, 300, 304, 309, 314, 318, 320-1, 323, 325, 360 Belle Isle: 29, 36, 40, 42, 127, 133, 198, 280, 283, 286, 333, 337,339-40, 344- 5, 354, 358-9, 367, 370, 373-5, 378; occupied 38In, 384, 388-90 Benidorm: 143 Bennett, Capt. William (d. 1790): 102n, 103-6, 373, 375, 387, 419, 443 *Bentinck, Capt. John Albert (1737- 75): 438n, 444 Bentley, V.-Adm. Sir John (d. 1772): 30-41n, 43, 349, 352, 362, 373, 375, 378, 464 Biggs, V.-Adm. Robert (d. 1803): 445n Birtles, John: 12n Bladen, Lt. John (d. 1754): 30 Blenac Courbon, (Lt. Gen.) chevalier de (d. 1766): 388 Blockade, controversies concerning: xix n, 368 Bompar, (Lt. Gen.) M. de: 266, 272, 292, 308-9, 314, 318, 322, 336-8 Bonfoy, Capt. Hugh: 32n Bordeaux: 35, 153, 168, 176, 180, 200-1, 224,246,263,285,359,361 *Boscawen, Adm. Hon. Edward (1711- 61): 113, 114n, 115n, 121, 133n, 155n, 171n, 183, 276, 277n, 279, 285, 287, 289, 292, 299, 322, 362, 367, 369 Boston, Mass.: 3, 7-8, 442, 444 Bounties: (1755), 117; (1757), 160; (1770), 453, 457-8, 461, 471, 474-5 Bowen, Samuel: 415, 418 *Bowyer, Adm. Sir George (1740?- 1800): 329n, 330 Boyd, Capt. John (d. 1762): 126n Bremer, Capt. James (d. 1774): 412n, 413-16 Brest: 14; (1747), 31, 35, 55, 128-9, 132, 170, 186; (1758), 193; (1759), 207, 212-14, 218-24, 230, 235-53, 256, 261-3, 271-2, 274-6, 283, 285, 289, 291,293^4,304-6,308,310,314, 316-18, 322, 324, 331-5; Conflans out from B. 339; 344, 352, 359; (1760), 368; (1761), 378; (1762), 380, 386; (1770), 457 *Brett, Adm. Sir Peircy (1709-81): 41, 62n, 412, 420, 426, 428, 464 Brett, Capt. William (d. 1769): 130n * Bristol, George William Hervey, 2nd Earl of (1721-75): 277n, 278 British Museum: 435n, 440 *Brodrick, V.-Adm. Thomas (1704-69): 155, 157, 162, 171, 174, 177-8, 180, 182, 184,186-7,287,289,308 Brown, Thomas: 102, 104-6 Buckle, Adm. Matthew (d. 1784): 17In, 174, 177, 184,341,350,465 Buller, John: 398n, 407, 441, 456,471 Burnaby, V.-Adm. Sir William, Bt. (d. 1776): 295n, 303-4,464 Burslem, Capt. Francis (d. 1787): 218, 270,281,282n, 349 *Byng, Adm. Hon. John (1704-57): xx n, 12n, 114,132,137-9 *Byron, V.-Adm. Hon. John (1723-86): 126n, 131,171,217,296,337,476 Cadiz: 14, 46, 144, 155n, 277, 287, 289, 308, 322, 443 Callis, Capt. Smith (d. 1761): 42n, 49 Camaret: 223, 238, 248, 274, 293-^, 304, 312,314 Campbell, Capt. James: 99n *Campbell, V.-Adm. John (1720?- 1790): 44n, 217, 220, 227-9, 271, 349- 50, 420, 459, 464 Cape delle Melle: 11, 14 Cape Finisterre: (1747), 40, 43; (1755), 123, 127; (1757), 187; (1758), 193; (1759), 337, 354; (1761), 378; (1762), 388-90 Cape Ortegal: 35-6, 42-3, 46, 129, 132, 221,260,337,390 Cardinals Rocks: 345 Catford, Capt. Charles (d. 1756): 122n, 126, 142 Chambers, R.-Adm. William (d. 1753): 58n, 62 Charente, River: 179, 199-200, 356-7 Choiseul, due de (1719-85): 384 INDEX 503 Claus, Lt. Charles: 103 Clements, Capt. Michael (d. 1796): 239, 242-3, 263, 280, 284 Clerk, Gen. Robert (d. 1797?): 18In, 185 Clevland, Capt. Archibald (d. 1766): 232n, 233,237, 281-2 *Clevland, John (1707-63): 47n, 109- 391 passim Cokburne, Capt. George (d. 1770): 122n, 126, 163^, 166, 320, 396, 399, 445 Colby, Capt. Stephen (d. 1779): 171n, 230, 237 Collingwood, Capt. Thomas (d. 1780): 413n,419 Colville, R.-Adm. Alexander, Lord (d. 1770): 12n, 131 Commander, status of: 15n, 25n, 30-1, 126n Compasses: 434, 435n Conflans, (Marshal) Hubert de Brienne, comte de (d. 1777): 208, 213n, 246, 332, 336, 339, 345-6, 348, 358 Conquet: 224, 242, 244, 246-9, 251, 256,314 Convoys: British: (1747), 27; (1755), 123, 129-30; (1757), 160, 170; (1758), 191; (1759), 216, 226-7, 234-5, 238, 246, 253-5, 258, 264-5, 268-9, 286, 288-9, 314, 317, 325, 333, 336, 340; (1761), 376; (1762), 369, 380; (1770), 458-9, 475 French: (1747), 21, 35, 40, 46, 48-9, 51-5; (1759), 224, 246, 248, 257, 261-3,268,284,299,300,316 *Conway, Field Marshal Hon. Henry Seymour (1721-95): 159n, 180-2, 184-5, 356, 371 *Cook, Capt. James (1728-79): 424n, 425-8 Cookson, Cdr. Thomas (d. 1775): 25n Cooper, Capt. Thomas (d. 1761): lOn Cope, Lt. James (d. 1770): 24 Copper sheathing: 409, 424, 437, 441, 447n *Corbett, Thomas (1687-1751): 4n, 5-8, 23-65 passim, 83 *Cornish, V.-Adm. Sir Samuel, 1st Bt. (d. 1770): 464 Cornwall, Capt. Frederick (d. 1786): 142n Cornwallis, Maj.-Gen. Hon. Edward (d. 1775?): 180, 182 Corunna: 238, 277 Cotes, V.-Adm. Thomas (d. 1767): 41n, 49, 56, 65, 67-8, 71, 309, 314, 338, 340 Couchman, Lt. Samuel (d. 1749): 98- 101 Courts martial: (1745-6), 3-4, 9n, lOn, 1 In, 15-17; (1747), 21-2, 24, 59-85; (1748), 90, 91n, 98-101; (1749), 106; (1750), 107-9; (1757), 159n, 164, 166- 7; (1759), 234, 290-2, 295-8, 307, 319, 321,331,352-3 Croisic: 345-6, 359, 372, 374 Crookshanks, Capt. John (d. 1795): lln, 12-13 Cross, Richard: 226n Cumberland, Henry Frederick, Duke of (1745-90): 429n, 464 Darroch, Lt. Archibald (d. 1760): 210 Dean, Capt. Joseph (d. 1779): 379n De 1’Angle, Capt. Merrick (d. 1753): 62n *Denis, V.-Adm. Sir Peter (d. 1778): 62n, 122, 126, 130, 171, 174, 177, 184, 217, 271, 288, 349, 352, 451n, 459, 465 Deptford: 4-6, 244 “Digby, Adm. Robert (1732-1815): 171n, 217, 263, 271, 334, 349 Digges, Capt. Dudley (d. 1779): 270, 349, 352n Docking and cleaning question (1759): 260-1,264,272,278 Dockyards (1767-71): 408-12, 420, 422-3, 432^, 438-9, 446-8, 455, 459; merchant yards, 455, 457 Dorrill, Capt. Richard (d. 1762): 217n, 227 Douarnenez Bay: 263, 312 ‘Douglas, R.-Adm. Sir Charles (d. 1789):434n,435 * Douglas, Adm. Sir James, 1st Bt. (1703-87): 31n, 171, 174, 177, 184, 196, 464 Downs, the: 382-3, 452 *Drake, R.-Adm. Sir Francis Samuel, 1st Bt. (d. 1789): 270, 280, 301-2, 349, 360 Drummond, Capt. Charles (d. 1771): lOn Du Bois de la Motte, (Adm.) Emmanuel, comte (1682-1764): 128, 150, 213 *Duff, V.-Adm. Robert (d. 1787): 130n, 187-8, 220, 222, 224, 230, 235, 237, 241, 254-6, 264, 270, 274, 277, 289, 504 INDEX 292, 295, 298, 302, 305-6, 308-18, 321, 326-7, 332, 336-7, 339-40, 347, 349, 352; alerted (19 Nov.) 355 Du Guay, (chef d’escadre) comte: 57 Duncannon, William Ponsonby, Visct. (1704-9): 25n, 26, 107, 110, 114, 132 Dunkirk: 382, 386-7 Durell, V.-Adm. Philip (1707-66): 23n, 25,42,142, 168 Durrell (or Durell), Capt. Thomas (d. 1740): 15n East India Co. helped by Ady (1770): 468-9 Eastwood, Cdr. Joseph (d. 1760): 281, 282n *Edgcumbe, Adm. Hon. George, 1st Earl of Mt.-Edgcumbe (1721-95): 142n, 217, 234, 245, 260, 296, 350, 352, 359, 464, 470, 474 *Edgcumbe, Richard, 2nd Baron (1716- 61): 130n, 140, 142 Edward Augustus, Duke of York (1739-67): 227n, 232-3, 237, 250, 314, 319-20,333,387 Edwards, Adm. Richard (d. 1794): 459n,465 *Egmont, John Perceval, 2nd Earl of (1711-70): 395 *Elliot, Sir Gilbert, 3rd Bt. (1722-77): 15In, 279, 288, 362 ‘Elliot, Adm. John (d. 1803): 356n, 375n *Ellis, Welbore, 1st Baron Mendip (1713-1802): 38n, 110 *Elphinston, Capt. John (1722-85): 438, 439n Embezzlement (1767): 417-18 Estimates; Expenditure: see Naval expenditure Evans, Adm. John (1717-94): 216n, 270, 349, 352, 373, 375 Everitt, Capt. Charles: 402n Everitt, Capt. Michael (d. 1776): 122n, 126, 196, 430 Falkland Islands: xx, 395-7, 432n; crisis at Ady (9-12/70), 448-76; diplomatic outcome 474 Farmer, Capt. George (d. 1779): 453n, 454, 460 Faulkner, Capt. Samuel (d. 1759): 35, 40,43 Ferdinand, Prince of Brunswick: 272 Ferrol: 47, 50, 385-6, 388, 457, 459 Fielding, Capt. Charles (d. 1783): 352n Food: supply of (1743), 4; (1747), 28, 43-4, 47-8, 50; (1755), 120; (1757), 150, 156, 158, 174; (1759), 209-10, 221, 226n, 227, 234-7, 245-6, 251-5, 258-60, 262, 268-70, 274, 286, 300, 314, 318-19, 321, 333^, 335-7, 360- 3, 376; suggestions and trials (1767- 71), 399-400, 415, 418-19, 424, 429, 437-8 *Forbes, Adm. of the Fleet Hon. John (1714-96): 62n, 151, 209, 213, 259, 266, 362, 385, 389, 463 Forrest, Capt. Arthur (d. 26.5.70): 439n, 440, 443 Fortescue, Capt. William (d. 1775): 349n 388 Fourasi Fort: 175, 181, 184, 199-200 *Fox, Charles James (1749-1806): 441n Fox, Capt. Thomas (d. 1763): 21, 40, 4In, 47, 51,54, 56, 59-85 Fraine, Capt. Joseph (d. 1802: 223n, 275-6, 293 *Frankland, Adm. Sir Thomas (1717?- 1784): 464n Frederick II, King of Prussia: 149, 384 French naval policy: (1744-63), xv, xviii, 13n, 143n, 149; (1763-70), 395 Galbraith, Capt. James (d. 1784): 171 *Gambier, V.-Adm. James (1723-89): 349n,372 Gastril, Roger: 98-9, lOOn *Geary, Adm. Sir Francis, 1st Bt. (17107-1796): 130n, 216, 225, 228-9, 258, 271, 274, 295, 302-4, 306, 308- 10, 314, 316, 318, 326-7, 337-40, 354, 359-60, 361n, 444, 452, 455, 465, 467, 470-1 General Printed Sailing and Fighting Instructions: 42, 167 Genoa: 12, 14 *George II, King (1683-1760): xvii, 113, 149, 152-5, 169-70, 172-3, 362 *George III, King (1738-1820): 373, 399, 429 Gibraltar: 9, 137-^1, 143-4, 276-7, 432, 461,466,472-3 *Gilchrist, Capt. James (d. 1777): 187n Gilliam, Lt. Thomas (d. 1758): 100, lOln Girod,M. (of Liege): 436 Gittens, Thomas: 274-7 Glenans Islands: 280, 284 Godslave (or Godsalve), Capt. Henry: INDEX 505 lln Goodricke, Sir John, Bt.: 432n Gosport:91,96 *Gower, R.-Adm. Hon. John Leveson (1740-92): 47In *Graves, Adm. Samuel (1713-87): 171n, 270, 296, 349, 352, 464 Griffiths, Lt. Joseph (d. 1775): 461 Groix, Isle of: 193, 198, 283-6, 300, 305, 354, 359-61 Guardships: (1748-52), 97-8, 101, 106, 110; (1767-70), 412, 417,430, 447-8, 450, 474 Gunnery, British naval: 98, 113, 116n, 434n Haddock, Capt. Richard (1) (d. 1750?): 96n Haddock, Capt. Richard (2) (d. 1749): 49 Half pay: of lieutenants (1767), 414-15; supplements to (1770), 465 ‘Halifax, George Montagu Dunk, 2nd Earl of (1716-71): 385n, 389n Hamilton, Capt. Hon. John (d. 1755): 122n, 126 Hammick, Cdr. Stephen: 78n, 80, 84 *Hamond, Capt. Sir Andrew Snape, 1st Bt. (1738-1828): 23In Hanway, Capt. Thomas (d. 1772): 4In, 56, 65, 74-5, 122, 126, 251, 278-9, 310,338 *Hardy, Adm. Sir Charles (1716?- 1780): 209n, 212, 216, 270, 292, 295, 324,351-2,360,464 *Harland, Adm. Sir Robert, 1st Bt. (1715?-1784):42n, 126,465 Harrison, V.-Adm. Henry (d. 1759): 40, 42n,65, 121, 126,231 Harrison, Capt, John (d. 1791): 71, 73n, 74 Harrison, Capt. Thomas (d. 1782?): 224, 295, 349 Harwich: 107 Havre: 247, 258 Hawke, Lady Catharine (d. 1756): 59, 138, 144 *Hawke, Adm of the Fleet Edward, 1st Baron (1705-81): characteristics: confidence and resolution, xvii, xix-xxi, 22, 51-5, 114, 344-51 and passim; humanity, xx, 8-9, 57-8, 75, 100, 160-2, 350, 363, 379, 398-9, 421; health: (1749- 54), 104, 109-10; (1755-9), 113, 145, 192, 314, 360; (1760), 363, 367; (1761), 368, 379; (1770), 448, 470-2 honours and rewards: K.B. (1747), xviii; pension (1759), 357n; thanks of H. of Commons, 367, peerage (1776), xx limited powers of patronage up to 1759: 78n, 194-5, 20In, 227n, 288, 292, 350, 354n; except as c.-in-c. Mediterranean (1756), 28In, 282n performance as 1st Lord of Ady (1766- 71): xx, 395-7, 448,471-2, and Part V generally promotions: Lt. (1749); Master & Cdr. (1733); Capt. (1734), xvi; R.-Adm. of the White (1747), xvii, 23; V.- Adm. of the Blue (1748), xviii; V.- Adm. of the White (1755), 122; Adm. of the Blue (1757), 138; Adm. of the White (1762); Adm. of the Fleet (1768), 421 stature and achievements: xv-xxi, 21-2, 58, 191, 397 See also Battles; Health; etc. Hawke, Martin Bladen, 2nd Baron (1744-1805): 477 Hay, Cdr. Charles (d. 1773): 297n *Hay, Sir George (1715-78): 151n, 209, 213, 259, 267, 287, 362, 370, 389 Hay, John (purser and Adm.’s sec.): 24n, 25, 56, 119, 182, 202, 239n, 303 Hay, Lt. Robert (d. 1747): 30n, 32 Health: British: (1743-5), 3, 5, 8-10; (1747), 28, 36; (1748), 91; (1755), 113, 114n, 115, 118-21, 127; (1756), 132,144: (1757), 156, 159; (1758), 194-6; (1759), xix, 207, 218, 227, 238, 245, 251, 254n, 260, 265, 272, 274; squadron Very healthy’ 278; 281, 286, 310; Achilles’s ‘perfect health* 313; general good h. 314; 323, 325, 331; Anson & Foudroyant sickly 334; and Sandwich 338; the admirals 360; 361n; (1760), 362; (1768), 423, 429, 433; (1770), 467-8 French: 338, 355 See also Hawke; Hospitals; Sick and Hurt Bd; etc. *Hervey, V.-Adm. Hon. Augustus, 3rd Earl of Bristol (1724-79): 24n, 142n, 217, 239-52, 254-6, 263, 265, 271, 274, 275n, 276,277n, 288-9, 293, 304-5, 310, 312-14, 320; gouty 323; 324,326,331,334-5 *Hillsborough, Wills Hill, 2nd Visct. 506 INDEX and 1st Earl of (1718-93): 432n, 439- 40, 442, 444, 445, 476 Hobbs, Capt. James (d. 1770): 30n, 59, 142, 171 *Holburne, Adm. Francis (1704-71): 132n, 197, 258, 264, 309, 402, 440, 463 Holburne, Capt. William (d. 1760): 197n Holcombe, Capt. Essex (d. 1770): 12n, 14 *Hood, Adm. Alexander, 1st Visct. Bridport (1727-1814): 208, 222, 290n, 291-2, 295-7, 307, 341, 344, 349, 356-7, 454-5 *Hood, Adm. Samuel, 1st Visct. (1724- 1816): 188n,442,444,469 Hospitals, naval: Gosport, 91; Greenwich, 411, 476; Haslar (Gosport), 9In, 115n, 118-20, 158, 194; h. ship, 194; Stonehouse (Plymouth), 339n *Hotham, Adm. William, 1st Baron (1736-1814): 21 In, 221, 281, 282n, 301,305,398 “Howard, Field Marshal Sir George (17207-1796): 180n, 182 *Howe, Adm. of the Fleet Richard, 1st Earl (1726-1799): 131n, 161, 170, 191-2, 202^1, 217, 231, 237, 250, 271, 296, 345, 349, 356, 387n, 464n, 465, 472 Hughes, Richard (d. 1756): lOln, 102 Hughes, Sir Richard, 1st Bt.: 402n, 403, 417 Hunt, Capt. Anthony (d. 1796): 374n, 443 Impressment: see Manning; Press gangs; Protections Inglis, R.-Adm. Charles (d. 1791): 460n Jacobs, Capt. Maximilian (d. 1780): 281,282n,299 Jamaica: 309, 338,455, 477 Jasper, Capt. Richard (d. 1761): 92n Jelfe, Capt. Andrew (d. 1765): 62n *Jenkinson, Charles, 1st Earl of Liverpool (1727-1808): 398n, 412, 423 *Jervis, Adm. of the Fleet John, 1st Earl of St. Vincent (1735-1823): 447n Johnston, Cdr. James (d. 1772): 201n, 227, 281, 301, 305 Keeler, Capt. Robert (d. 1810): 375n, 451 *Keene, Sir Benjamin (1697-1757): 143 *Keppel, Adm. Hon. Augustus, 1st Visct. (1725-86): 44n, 62n, 171, 196, 201-2, 217, 221, 271, 324, 349, 356-7, 359,361,367,370,373,464 Kirk, Capt. James: 453n *Knight, Dr. Gowin (1713-72): 435n Knowler, Capt. Thomas (d. 1783): 92n *Knowles, Adm. Sir Charles, 1st Bt. (17057-1777): 155, 159n, 162-3, 171, 174, 180-2, 183n, 184, 187,467 La Clue Sabran, (Lt. Gen.) M. de: 114n, 276-7, 279, 287, 308,322 *Laforey, Adm. Sir John, 1st Bt. (17297-1796): 461n Lambert, Capt. Robert (d. 1789): 430n Langdon, R.-Adm. William (1711-85): 387n, 388n Lee, Capt. Thomas: 210n, 373, 375 Legge, Capt. Hon. Edward (d. 1747): 55n Lendrick, Capt. John (d. 1780): 30n, 32, 217, 237, 241, 244, 250-1, 275, 329, 330n, 331-2, 334-5,373, 375 L’Etanduere, (chef d’escadre) Henri Francois, marquis de (1682-1750): 37,58 *Ligonier, Field Marshal John, 1st Earl (1680-1770): 169-70, 185 Lines of battle (Hawke’s): (7/44), 10-11; (1/45), 12; (9/47), 41-2; (7/55), 121-2; (3/56), 130-1; (7/56), 141-2; (9/57), 170-1; (3/58), 196/7; (5/59), 216-17; (8/59), 270-1; (11/59), 349-50; (6/62), 387-8 Lisbon: 14; plague at L. 186; 388 Lisburne, Wilmot, 4th Visct. and 1st Earl of: 441, 471 Lloyd, V.-Adm. John (d. 1778): 122n, 142 *Lockhart, John (V.-Adm. Sir John Lockhart Ross, Bt.; 1721-90): 126n, 218,311,313,327,349,352 Long, Capt. William (d. 1780): 466n Lorient (or L’Orient): 27, 32, 153, 193, 212, 221, 223, 285, 289, 311, 315, 327, 355, 372; and see Port Louis Loudon, Gen. John Campbell, 4th Earl of (1705-82): 384n Louisbourg: 18n, 114n, 201, 419n Lovett, Capt. John (d. 1758): lln INDEX 507 Luttrell, Capt. Hon. John (Olmius): 381n *MacBride, Dr. David (1726-78): 429n Mackenzie, V.-Adm. George (d. 1781): 44n, 455-6 Mahon: 3, 10, 13, 108, 137-9, 429, 433, 475-6 Maltby, Capt. William (d. 1793): 453n, 469 Man, Adm. Robert (d. 1783): 384n, 465 Mann, Bradshaw: 224 *Mann, Sir Horace, 1st Bt. (1701-86): 429n Manning: British: (1743), 4-8; (1748-50), 89, 91- 4; (1755), 113, 155-21, 127; (1757), 158, 160-4; (1758) 194-6; (1759), xviii, 210-11, 281, 288; (1769), 435; (1770), 448, 450-5, 457, 460-3, 465- 9,472 French: (1759), 239, 245-6, 249 See also Press gangs; Naval expenditure Maplesden, Capt. Jervis (d. 1780): 349n, 361 Marlow, Adm. Benjamin (d. 1795): 387n Marsh, Capt. Henry (d. 1772): 417n Marshall, Capt. Samuel (d. 1768): 217n, 257n, 330n *Mathews, Adm. Thomas (1676-1751): xviin, 3^, 15, 17 Maxwell, Lt. of Marines: 82-3 Methell, Mr. (butcher): 335 *Middleton, Adm. Charles, 1st Baron Barham (1726-1813): 117n Midshipmen, status of and rules concerning: 101, 407, 413n, 445n, 468 Mimes, John: 158n,287,291 Minorca: 137-40, 143, 430, 466 *Montagu, Adm. John (d. 1795): 122n, 126, 387 Moore, James: 15 *Moore, Adm. Sir John (1718-79): 4In, 56-8, 71, 76-7, 80; (1767-8), 383-3, 386, 412-20, 423, 430; (1770), 458, 464 Moore, R.-Adm. Matthew (d. 1787): 270,281,282n,301-2 Morbihan: 282, 299-300, 302, 308, 311- 18, 322, 327, 337, 355, 359, 372, 376- 8 *Mordaunt, Gen. Sir John (1697-1780): 152, 159n, 169, 177-8, 180-2, 183n, 184-6 Morgan, Cdr. Jeremiah (d. 1773): 458n Morgan, Lt. of Marines John (d. 1749): 98-101 Morlaix (N.E. of Brest): 224, 256 *Mostyn, V.-Adm. Savage (d. 1757): 44n,49, 57, 129, 131, 155, 158 Moutray, Capt. John (d. 1785): 460n, 465 Musters, false: 413-14, 416 Nantes: 246, 262-3, 265, 273, 276, 279, 281-3, 285-7, 289, 292, 299-300, 305, 307,316-17,352,354,372 Naval academy at Portsmouth: 401-7, 420 Naval expenditure and estimates: (1748-54), 89, 98, 106, 113; (1766- 71), 395-7, 400-1, 409-12, 414-15, 420, 422-3, 440, 453, 455, 473, 477 Navy Board (1767-70): 399-401, 408- 12, 416, 420, 422, 431-3, 436-40, 442, 445-6, 450, 453, 466, 472-3 Neilson, Cdr. Thomas: 354n Neptune Francois: 351, 353 *Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of (1693-1768): 149, 357 Nicholl, Lt. Whitlock: 413n, 414, 416 Nightingale, Capt. Gamaliel (d. 1791): 349 Norbury, Capt. Richard (d. 1800): 271n Norris, V.-Adm. Harry (d. 1764): 3In, 33 Northesk, Adm. George Carnegie, 6th Earl of (1715-92): 464n Oaths and tests (1759): 225, 228-9 O’Bryen, R.-Adm. Lucius (d. 1770): 27In, 296, 350, 416 *Ogle, Adm. of the Fleet Sir Chaloner (16817-1750): 15n Ogle, Capt. Chaloner (d. 1814): 210n, 350n Oleron, Isle of: 168, 174, 176, 178, 186, 328-9 Ommanney, Capt. Cornthwaite: 443n Ommanney, John: 252-3, 255, 257 *Onslow, Adm. Sir Richard, 1st Bt. (1741-1817): 460n, 461 *Osborn, Adm. Henry (16987-1771): 62n Oswego prisoners: 159, 161-3 Ourry, Capt. Paul: 277n, 301, 310, 354, 470 Paimboeuf (near Nantes): 268 508 INDEX *Palliser, Adm. Sir Hugh, 1st Bt. (1723- 96): 424n, 445n *Palmerston, Henry Temple, 2nd Visct. (1739-1802): 398n, 412, 441, 471 Parry, Adm. William (d. 1779): 62n, 142,216,270,296,340,464 Passage du Four: 234, 237, 243-4, 247, 251,289 Passage du Raz: 224, 235, 243, 293, 382 Patronage, cases involving: xvi, 23n, 59, 194-5, 210, 227n, 228, 232n, 233, 350, 354n,356n, 363, 385n, 387n, 402 & n, 413, 424n, 434n, 445, 457-60, 464n Pay in yards, punctuality (1767): 419 *Pelham, Henry (16957-1754): 89 *Pelham, Thomas, 1st Earl of Chichester (1728-1805): 385n, 389 Pett, Capt. Robert: lln, 15, 261, 267-70 Peyton, Adm. Joseph (1725-1804): 373n,375 Philips (later Towry), Capt. Henry (d. 1762): 250, 292n, 301, 305, 310, 316, 340 Physicians, College of: 415, 418, 433-4 Pierre Percee: see Nantes Pigot, Adm. Hugh (d. 1792): 122n, 131 *Pitt, William, 1st Earl of Chatham (1708-78): 149-55, 157, 169, 172-3, 176, 183-6, 357, 367-8, 373, 376, 397-8 *Pocock, Adm. Sir George (1706-92): 55n Port Louis: 213-14, 220, 223^, 260-2, 266, 269, 273^, 276, 279-82, 284-7, 289, 298, 300, 305, 317, 351, 378;and see Lorient Porter, Capt. Jervis (d. 1763): 217n, 264^5, 270, 296, 326, 328-9 Plymouth: (1747), 21, 23-30, 33, 35, 38, 42n, 45, 47, 49, 57, 58n, 59-60; (1755), 123-4, 129; (1756), 132; (1757), 178, 186; (1758), 192, 197-8, 202; (1759), 208-9, etc.; as a refuge (10/59), 316-32, 333 Portsmouth: (1747), 27, 33, 38, 57, 59, 61; (1748-52), 89-106, 109; (1755), 113, 123; (1756), 129,137, 145; (1757), 153; mail robbed 161; 163-70; (1758), 191-2, 201-2; (1759), 208-11, etc. Portsmouth dockyard, fires at: (1767), 417; (1770), 445-8, 470 *Powlett, Adm. Lord Harry, 6th Duke of Bolton (1719-94): 122n, 126, 464 Pratten, Capt. Edward (d. 1763): 62n, 195-*, 198 Prescott, Cdr. Thomas: 115n, 116 Press gangs (1770): 450, 460, 465-9 Prizes and prize money: (1747-8), 46, 55, 57, 59, 89, 90n, 95; (1755), 113, 125-7; (1758), 191, 194; (1759), 242- 3, 303^, 345, 354 Proby, Capt. Charles: 162n, 171, 197-8, 443, 475-6 Promotions to flag rank, notes on: 285n3, 464n3 Protections from impressment (1770): 454, 460, 465-6, 474 Pumps: 438 & n, 444 Punishments: (1748), 93-4; (1749), 100- 1; (1766-71), 398-9, 415-16, 418, 420 Purvis, Capt. Charles (d. 1772): lOn *Pye, Adm. Sir Thomas (17137-1785): 399n, 400, 409, 421-2, 424, 464 Quarantine: (1749), 99; (1770), 469-70 Quebec: (1759), 149, 180n, 325; (1776), 434n Quiberon Bay: 261-2, 292, 298-9, 305, 310-11,313,315,318,326-7,329, 332-3, 337, 339-43; Battle of Q.B., 344-7, 351, 354-7; 359-62; blockade based on Q.B., 367; 368-78 Rawling, Capt. John (d. 1757): 129n Re, Isle of: 133, 174, 176, 178, 198, 300 *Reynolds, Adm. John (17137-1788): 228n, 270, 273^, 279-83, 285-8, 293, 295, 298-302, 305, 307, 317, 326-7, 352 ‘Richmond, Adm. Sir Herbert W.: 38n, 137 Rochelle: 21, 32-3, 35, 37, 44, 49, 175, 184,262 Rochfort: (1755), 127, 129, 133; (1757), 149-50, 153, 173, 177, 180, 185, 187; (1758), 192-3, 199, 204; (1759), 212- 14, 257, 272, 276, 302-3, 308-9, 314, 318, 322, 332, 351-2, 354, 356-7; (1760), 367, 369 *Roddam, Adm. Robert (1719-1808): 220, 248, 273n, 281-3, 298-9 * Rodney, Adm. George Bridges, 1st Baron (1719-92): 23n, 41, 56, 65, 71, 122, 126, 130n3, 171, 180, 182, 464 Rogers, Capt. Sir Frederick, 1st Bt.: 226n, 470 *Rowley, V.-Adm. Sir Joshua, 1st Bt. (17307-1790): 35n, 126n, 251n, 270, 349 *Rowley, Adm. of the Fleet Sir William INDEX 509 (16907-1768): 4n, 130, 132, 140, 421 Royal Society: 424, 428 Ruthven, Capt. Hon. John (d. 1771): 470n Ryall, Lt. George: 78-84 Saint-Andre du Verger (chef d’escadre): 345, 348 St. Helens: 99n, 171, 179, 183 St. Jacques: 372 St. Martin: 199, 300 Salter, Capt. Elliott (d. 1790?): 454n *Sandwich, John Montagu, 4th Earl of (1718-92): 90n, 106-7,476 Sardinia: 140, 143 Saumarez, Capt. Philip (d. 1747): 40, 41n, 54 Saumarez, Capt. Thomas (d. 1766): 217, 270n *Saunders, Adm. Sir Charles (1713?- 1775): 41n, 56, 68-9, 122, 126, 138- 40, 142, 144, 149, 464 *Saxton, Capt. Sir Charles, 1st Bt. (1732-1808): 458n Sayer, V.-Adm. James (1721-77): 142n, 381 Sclater, Capt. George (d. 1750): 3, 16n Scott, Capt. Arthur (d. 1756): 12n, 37, 50,55 Ships: BRITISH (for which refer also to Lines of battle): Achilles, 158, 171, 176-7, 180, 197, 215, 217, 221, 250, 252-3, 270, 293- 4, 311-13, 326-7, 334, 388, 449, 460-1, 472-3; Actaeon, 196-8, 201- 2, 215, 217, 221, 223-5, 238, 257, 264, 270, 273, 298-300, 327, 332, 337, 354, 359; Adventure, 270, 273- 4, 300; Advice, 48; Aeolus, 273, 356, 359, 361, 386-7, 389, 419; Ajax, 448, 460-1, 472-4; Alarm, 447n; Alcide, 158, 160-1, 171, 178, 186,188, 196- 8; Amazon, 27, 29, 34-5, 37, 39; Ambuscade, 29, 31, 122; America, 158, 171, 177-8, 180; Anson, 94, 109, 214-15, 217, 220, 225, 256, 260, 267, 271, 293, 302-3, 308, 314, 318, 326, 334, 336, 362; Antelope, 11, 12, 138; Arrogant, 449, 472-3; Augusta, 27, 29, 33, 35, 39, 43; Barfleur, 122, 127, 155, 158, 171, 175-7, 186, 188, 338; Bedford, 10, 16-17; Belliqueux, 215, 217, 221, 226, 228, 232, 270, 227-8, 292, 302-3, 309, 314, 326, 337-8, 359, 361; Bellona, 29 31, 35, 60, 449; Berwick, xvii, 3-16, 109; Bienfaisant, 210, 217 & n7, 218, 225, 227, 231, 238, 256, 260-1, 264, 270, 289, 293- 4, 320, 323-6, 334, 339, 354; Blenheim, 379-81; Brilliant, 381, 386; Bristol, 29, 97; Buckingham, 122, 141-3; Burford, 10, 171, 176, 178, 186, 188, 336, 339, 349, 359, 361, 369, 377; Cambridge, 10-11; Captain, 122, 127, 129, 141-2; Centurion, 27, 29, 31-3, 35, 39, 43; Chatham, 11-13, 50, 217-18, 223-5, 227, 311,313, 326-7, 341, 345-6, 359, 361, 421; Chesterfield, 101, 142, 162, 171-2, 195; Chichester, 130, 133,197-8,201,211,217,225,227, 271-2, 277-8, 288, 295, 302-3, 308, 312, 314, 326, 329, 336, 349, 359, 361; Colchester, 212, 215-16, 220, 224, 246, 248-50, 252-3, 255-7, 260, 271, 273, 283, 296, 298-300, 311-12, 327, 359; Coventry, 171, 176, 178, 180, 197-8, 201, 215, 217-18, 220, 252, 260, 262, 270, 273, 280, 288, 298-300, 303, 308, 345, 347, 349, 354, 356, 359, 361, 431; Culloden, 122, 127, 129, 142, 144; Dartmouth, 11; Defiance, 29, 38-9, 41, 43, 52-3, 57, 61, 84, 142, 221, 228, 232, 271, 320, 325, 336, 339, 346, 350, 359, 361; Deptford, 142, 273; Devonshire, 29, 38-58, 61, 70, 72, 74-9, 212; Dolphin (1),29,38-9,41, 44; Dolphin (2), 142-3, 186-7, 387n, 426, 439, 441, 447n; Dorsetshire, 9, 217, 225, 250, 271, 288-9, 303, 308- 9, 317, 320, 324, 336, 346, 354, 360, 430; Dover, 91; Dragon, 16; Dreadnought, 384-5; Dublin, 158, 171, 176, 186, 188; Duke, 264, 270, 272, 277, 288, 317, 320, 324-5, 331, 336-7, 349, 359, 361; Dunkirk, 10, 11, 131, 133,171, 178, 180,197, 210-11, 217, 225, 250, 255-6, 258, 263, 265, 271-2, 277-8, 288, 295, 312, 320, 324, 334, 339, 349, 359, 361; Eagle, 23, 29, 38-9, 41, 43, 51- 3,57,61,69,71-3,79,81,131,133, 400; Edgar, 369; Edinburgh, 29-30, 38-9, 41, 44, 51-3, 57, 61, 67-8, 129-30; Emerald, 434-5; Endeavour, 424, 426, 428-9; Escort, 171, 176, 178, 180; Ewe* (1), 127, 133,172, 197,201,212,217,220,225,271, 317, 320, 323, 325, 341; lost on the Four 346; 350, 353, 355; Essex (2), 510 INDEX 384-5, 389; Experiment, 141-2, 281n; Falcon, 29, 33, 41; Falkland, 29, 35-6, 39-41, 43-4, 48-9, 270, 273-4, 286, 301, 314, 345, 349, 354, 360; Fame, 210-11, 217, 220, 223, 225-6, 228, 238, 256, 260, 264, 270, 306,308,312,314,316,326,337, 354; Firm, 215, 217, 223, 225-8, 254-6, 260, 270, 273, 280-2, 286-8, 299, 301, 315, 327, 337-8, 354, 359; Fly, 24-5, 107-9; Fortune, 340, 347, 359, 361; Foudroyant, 266n, 270-1, 278, 310, 314, 317, 320, 324, 334, 337, 354; Fougueux, 90-5, 97, 99, 102-6, 109; Gibraltar, 302, 327, 332- 3, 354; Gloucester, 23, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35-6, 39, 42-4, 48-9, 52-3, 57, 61; Gosport, 216; Grand Turk, 29, 34-5, 39, 41, 44-5, 48; Hampshire, 29, 129; Hampton Court, 29, 38-9, 57, 141, 144; Hector, 29, 39, 41, 44, 48, 55-6, 61, 72, 81; Hercules, 217-18, 225, 254, 256, 260, 264-5, 270, 272, 277- 8, 309, 314, 318, 326, 336-7, 349, 361; Hero, 212, 216-18, 225, 230-1, 233^, 245, 250, 255-7, 260, 271-2, 277, 288, 320, 324, 336, 350, 359, 361, 369, 387, 472; Hunter, 27, 30, 33-4, 44, 131; Hussar, 196-9, 201-2; Intrepid, 12n, 141-3, 187-8, 195-9, 201,334,337,339,349,360-1; Invincible, 91, 99n, 101, 107, 109, 196n; Ipswich, 131, 142; Isis, 142-3, 215, 217, 221; Juno, 250, 252-4, 256, 268, 271-2, 278, 292, 299-301, 310, 316, 327, 340, 461, 465-6; Kent, 22, 29, 39, 41-2, 44, 51^, 61, 65-85, 92, 109; Kingston, 11, 16-17, 142, 210- 11, 216, 218, 225, 238, 260, 270, 317, 320,324,336,340,359,361; Lancaster, 122, 142, 145, 381, 389; Leopard, 11-12; Lion (or Lyon), 29, 37-9,42,44,51-3,57,61,77; Lowestoft, 11; Lyme, 130, 133; Magnanime, 158, 170, 176-8, 197, 211,217,220,223,225,227,231, 237, 250, 271, 302, 317, 336-7, 345, 349, 354, 360, 387; Maidstone, 270, 273, 288, 327, 345, 354; Mars, 24, 30, 215-16, 223, 225, 254, 257, 259- 60, 270-1, 317, 320, 324, 336, 341, 350, 355, 359, 361, 377-8; Medway, 122, 127, 129, 130, 160, 162, 171, 186, 188, 192, 197-9, 201; Melampe, 21 In, 217, 220-4, 226, 235, 237, 246, 253-4, 257, 271, 273, 280, 301, 314, 331-2, 371, 378; Minerva, 211, 215, 217-18, 222, 224, 226, 235, 237, 257, 270, 272, 290-1, 294-8, 306, 321, 332, 345, 349, 356, 376, 449, 462, 469; Monmouth, 27, 29, 30-3, 35-6, 39, 42-5, 48-9, 52-3, 57, 61, 74, 121, 127, 133; (1759), 212, 217, 220, 223, 225, 239^2, 246-50, 256, 271, 274- 6, 289, 293-4, 312, 320, 322-4, 334, 337, 362, 369; Monarque (or Monarch): 99, 109-10; Montagu, 212,217,220,231,235,237,241, 244, 246-50, 252, 255, 270, 293-4, 312, 317, 320, 324, 336, 349, 359, 361; Namur, 17, 171, 186, 188, 325, 336, 339, 341, 350, 359, 361; Nassau (1); 12, 122, 142; Nassau (2), 388; Neptune, 158, 171, 176, 186, 188, 202; Newark, 192, 197-8; Newcastle, 122, 127, 129, 131, 133; Norfolk, 15; Northumberland, 129, 131; Nottingham, 29, 38-9, 41, 43, 52-3, 57, 61, 69, 73, 210-11, 214, 217-18, 225, 230-1, 257, 260, 271, 289, 293- 4, 318-20, 324, 329, 331, 334-5, 337; Ocean, 380-1, 387; Old Noll, 37, 93- 4; Or ford, 122, 131, 377-8; Oxford, 29, 38-40,42, 44-5, 48; Pallas, 186- 8, 211, 217-18, 224, 233, 237-40, 242-4, 257, 263, 270, 273, 284, 299, 301, 305, 318, 321, 347, 359, 461-2, 465, 468; Pluto, 171, 177, 201, 217, 225, 228, 250, 252, 271, 286, 301, 308; Portland (I): xvi, 3, 7; Portland (2), 27, 29, 34-6, 39, 41, 43-4, 48-9, 52-3, 57, 61, 70-1, 332, 337, 341, 345-6, 349, 355, 359, 361, 383, 449, 462, 475; Prince, 122, 144, 376, 387; Prince Edward cutter, 230, 274-7, 299, 325, 376; Prince Frederick, 27, 29, 31, 33, 60, 377; Prince George (1), 29, 142; Prince George (2), 387; Prince Henry, 91-4; Prince of Orange, 15, 186, 188; Princess Amelia, 158, 162, 171, 186, 188, 373, 377, 387; Princess Louisa, 16n, 29, 38-9, 42-3, 51-3, 57, 61, 66-7, 78, 84, 142, 144; Princessa, 11, 15-17, Proserpine, 171, 201, 217, 226, 270, 288, 308-10, 326, 347, 354, 383; Rainbow, 39, 47, 50; Ramillies’, (1756-7), 141-5, 151, 157-8, 171-88; (1758), 192, 195-201; (1759), 210- 11, 215-18, 223-8, 230-5,237-44, 250-7; needs new rigging 258; 259- 62, 254-5, 267-8, 270-4, 277-9, INDEX 511 285-6, 288-95, 298, 302-6, 308-11, 313-15, 317-18, 320, 323-6, 335-7; unfit for sea 339-40; (1760), 363; Resolution, 210-11, 217, 225, 242, 271-2, 277, 285, 288-9, 303, 308-9, 320, 324, 336, 341, 346, 350; c.m. on loss of 352-3; 355; Revenge, 142, 144, 212, 216, 225, 255, 271, 293, 304, 317, 336, 346, 349-50, 354, 360, 387; Rochester, 130, 132-3, 186-8, 215-17, 220-2, 224, 226, 235, 237-8, 241, 257, 260-1, 264, 273, 277, 288- 9, 292, 298-300, 306, 315, 345, 349, 354; Romsey, 11, 38-9, 42-3, 45; Royal Ann, 155, 158, 210, 279, 295n, 303, 317, 324, 399; Royal George, 158, 171, 186, 188,211,217-18,225, 227,271,317,320,323,336; Hawke’s flagship: 338-52, 354, 359- 61, 368-9, 374-9, 382-3, 387; Royal Oak, 11-12; Royal Sovereign, 158, 161, 243; Royal William, 155, 158, 171, 176, 186, 188; Rupert, 10; St. Antonio, 417, 449, 460; St. George, 29, 40, 46, 114, 118-22, 125-33, 244; Sandwich, 237, 271, 274, 277, 279, 292,303,308,314,318,326,331, 336, 339; Sapphire, 212, 216, 218, 220, 245-6, 250, 257, 262, 271, 273, 280-1, 301, 318, 344-5, 347, 349, 359, 369; Seaford, 131,133; Shoreham, 29, 42, 44, 48-9, 52-3, 57; Siren, 29, 93-4; Somerset, 16-17, 130, 133; Southampton, 170-1, 188, 211, 217-18, 220, 224, 260, 264, 271, 275-6, 289, 293^, 332, 354, 361, 374; Success, 274, 277, 286, 292, 298-9, 301, 310, 317, 324, 336, 340, 354, 359; Swallow, 234-5, 238, 253, 271, 288-9, 317, 333, 339^W), 361, 378, 439; Swiftsure, 336, 349-50, 354, 360, 444; Tamar, 442-3; Temple, 210, 216, 218, 225, 227, 230-1, 233, 254-5, 271, 318, 320, 324-5, 336, 349, 360; Terpsichore, 375n; Terrible, 115-17, 133; Thames, 215-16, 218, 221, 230, 237, 271, 288, 334, 337, Tiger, 109; Tigress, 49; Tilbury, 38-9, 42, 44, 52^, 57, 61, 77; Torbay, 158, 171, 176, 180, 196- 8, 201, 217, 220-1, 223, 225, 230, 250, 271, 285, 292, 303, 317, 320, 323-5, 336, 349, 359, 361-2; Trident, 142, 144; Union, 192, 196-8, 201, 211, 216, 225, 270, 290, 317, 320, 324, 336, 349, 352, 359, 361, 374, 377; Vanguard, 127, 131; Vengeance, 305, 314, 326, 345-6, 349; Venus, 215, 217-18,223-4, 257, 264, 271, 295, 321, 324, 332, 349, 355, 361, 457, 461-2, 465; Vestal, 196-8, 201; Viper, 27, 29-31, 33,47, 50, 176, 184; Vulcan, 29, 38-9,41, 44; Warspite, 326, 336, 349, 359, 361, 373, 375, 378; Weasel, 22, 29, 47, 54; Weymouth, 122; Windsor, 27, 29-37, 39, 41, 43-4,48-9, 52-3, 57, 61, 74- 5, 197, 232-3, 237, 241, 257, 260-1, 273, 279, 281, 286, 303, 306, 308, 312, 314, 316, 326, 337; Yarmouth, 29, 38-9, 41,44, 52-3, 57, 61, 73, 79, 81, 448, 450,472-4; York, 122, 127, 131-2, 133 Ships: FRENCH: Bizarre, 214, 236, 305, 348; Brilliant, 214, 236, 348; Content, 54, 55n; Dauphin Royal, 214, 236, 305, 348; Dragon, 199, 214, 236, 305, 348; Eveille, 214, 236, 348; Florissante, 199; Formidable, 214, 236, 294, 345- 6, 348, 354, 355n; Fougueux, 52-3, 55, 71-2, 81; Glorieux, 214, 236, 305, 348; Hector, 33-4; Hardi, 199, 214; Hebe, 347-9, Heros, 214, 236, 345- 6, 348, 355n; Inflexible, 214, 236, 305, 348, 355n; Intrepide, 54, 66, 69, 74-6, 214, 236, 348; Juste, 214, 236, 348, 351, 354, 355n, 356; LVrient, 214, 236, 348; Magnifique, 214, 348, 354; Monarque, 51-3, 55, 70,95, 99; Neptune, 16-17, 52-3, 55, 68, 71-3, 79, 81; Northumberland, 14n, 214, 236, 348; Prudent, 177, 179; St. Antoine, 32; Severne, 51-3, 55; Soleil Royal, 214, 236, 346, 348, 355n, 359; Solitaire, 214, 236, 348; Souverain, 326, 328; Sphinx, 199, 214, 236, 305, 348; Superbe, 214, 236, 345, 348, 355n; Terrible, 52-5, 57, 70, 74-6, 82, 95; Thesee, 214, 236, 345, 348, 355n; Tonnant, 51-4, 63, 66, 69-70, 72-8, 81-4, 214, 236, 246, 348; Trident, 54-5, 70, 74, 76-7, 95; Warwick, 199 Ships: SPANISH: Glorioso, lln, 47; Poder, 15-17; Princesa, 15n Ships, construction of (1767-70): 416, 432, 477 Ships in ordinary (reserve): 396, 409-11 Shirley, Capt. James (d. 1774): 453 *Shirley, V.-Adm. Washington, 5th 512 INDEX Earl Ferrers (1722-78): 216n, 230, 271,296,349 Shirley, Capt. Thomas: 340, 349 Short, Lt. Samuel: 450, 469 Sick and Hurt Board (1767-70): 418- 19, 424, 435, 467 Slade, Sir Thomas: 459 Smelt, Cdr. Cornelius: 78n, 80, 83-^ Smith, James Hopkins (purser): 107-9 Spain enters war (1762): 368 Speke, Capt. Henry (d. 1760): 271, 346, 350, 352 ‘Spencer, Lord Charles (1740-1820): 423,426,428,441,456 Spithead: 59-60, 105; (1755), 116-20, 126-7; (1756), 129, 132-3, 138-9, 144; (1757), 151-2, 156-8, 160-1, 164-70, 178, 186-7; (1758), 192, 195-7, 201-2; (1759), 209-11, 221, 227, 264, 279, 304, 309; (1762), compared with Torbay 391; (1770), 456-7, 466-7, 472-3 Spry, R.-Adm. Richard (1715-75): 419n, 433, 436, 465 Stanhope, Hon. John (d. 1748): 90n Stanhope, Capt. Sir Thomas (d. 1770): 55n, 56, 71, 130, 349 ‘Stanley, Hans (17207-1780): 213n, 279, 389 Start Point: 180, 230-1, 336-7, 339, 452 ‘Steevens, R.-Adm. Charles (1705-61): 41n, 56,70-1,99, 122,126 ‘Stephens, Sir Philip, 1st Bt. (1725- 1809): 408n, 412-20, 423, 424n, 430, 460 Steuart, Adm. of the Fleet James (d. 1757): 59n, 64 Storr, R.-Adm. John (d. 1783): 120n, 122, 126,130,216,271,349,352 Stott, Capt. John (d. 1778): 445n, 458, 461,466 ‘Strachan, Capt. Sir John, 3rd Bt. (d. 1777): 245, 28In, 282-3, 301-2, 349, 359 Stuart, Cdr. Nathaniel (d. 1759): 340n, 347, 350n ‘Suckling, Capt. Maurice (1725-78): 388n Swinton, Lt. Samuel: 290n, 295-8 Taylor, Cdr. Robert (d. 1790): 227n, 228, 288n, 290n Taylor, Capt. Witteronge (d. 1760): 131n, 142, 171, 196,217,271,292, 363 Teer, Capt. George: 449n, 450 Teignouze Passage: 326 Ternay d’Arsac, (chef d’escadre) chevalier de (1723-80): 368, 382, 386 Thames, Henry: 163-6 Thurot, Francois: 356n, 375n Timber (1766-71): supply of, 396-7, 431-3, 436-7, 440, 470; preservation of, 400, 416, 422, 434, 436, See also Copper sheathing Tinker, Capt. John Bladen (d. 1767): 142n Tollemache, Lt. Hon. William: 402n Tom, Cdr. Philip: 15n Torbay: 207, 209, 212-13, 215-16, 218, 221-2, 225-35; used as a refuge (10- 11/59), 316, 321, 333, 335-9; (1762), 389; compared with Spithead 391 Tortain, M.: 379 Toulon: 3, 13, 143n, 277 ‘Townshend, Charles, 1st Baron Bayning (1728-1810): 398n, 407, 412 ‘Townshend, Adm. Hon. George (1715-69): lOn Trade, protection of: (1770), 454, 457- 8,474-5; and see Convoys Transports: British: (1757), 163-72, 180, 186, 288; (1760), 370, 372, 374; (1762), 384, 390; (1770), 457, 466 French: (1759), 299-300, 302, 305, 311, 313-14; (1760), 362,369, 372 Trevor, Capt. Thomas (d. 3.7.43): 4n Uniform: 106 Ushant: 29, 36, 57, 123, 127, 129, 131, 133; (1759), 212-13, 218, 222-4, 235, 237, 253, 294, 323^, 332-3, 336, 339-40; (1762), 381,385, 389 VadoBay: 12-13 Vanbrugh, Capt. Philip (d. 1753): 30n Vannes: 208, 262, 268-9, 273, 276, 278- 82, 287, 289, 292, 299; consultation (9/59) 301-2; 305-6, 309-11, 313, 316,326,332,341,351,362,372 Varlo, Capt. Western (d. 1789): 458n ‘Vernon, Adm. Edward (1684-1757): 159n,168 ‘Vernon, Adm. Sir Edward (1723-94): 387n Vilaine River: 344, 346-7, 351, 355n, 359, 367-8, 370, 372, 378 Villafranca: 13 Villettes, Arthur: lln INDEX 513 Villiers, George, 4th Earl of Jersey (1735-1805): 385n, 389 Vitu, Lt. John: 467n, 468 Wadney, John: 421 *Wallis, Capt. Samuel (1728-95): 387n, 425n Ward, Capt. Henry (d. 1766): 122n, 126 Warrant officers, status and appointment of: 150, 167, 319-21, 329-31, 334-5, 354, 363,417-18, 421, 431 * Warren, V.-Adm. Sir Peter (1703-52): xvii n, 21-2, 25-37,40-9, 57, 60-85, 90 Water: references to Beer often apply Watkins, Capt. Richard (d. 1770): lOn *Watson, V.-Adm. Charles (1714-57): 16n, 30,40, 41n, 42-3, 56, 65-6, 71 *West, V.-Adm. Temple (1713-57): 41, 62n, 122, 137-9 *Weymouth, Thomas Thynne, 3rd Visct. and 1st Marquess of Bath (1734-96): 432n, 436, 443, 448, 454, 460,466,469-71,473,475 Wheeler, Capt. Edward (d. 1761): 142n, 170 Whitwell, Capt. Matthew (d. 1776): 217n, 271 Wilkinson, Capt. of Marines: 80-3 Wilkinson, Capt. Thomas (d. 1776): 419 Willett, Capt. William: 217n, 271, 341, 344, 349, 398 Williams, Capt. Edmund (d. 1752): lOn Willis, Richard: 167 Western Squadron: (1747), 21, 55; (1755), 113-14, 125; (1758), 192, 194 Wine: 264-6; and see Beer *Wolfe, Maj.-Gen. James (1727-59) 180n Wouters, letse: 283 Wright, David: 319-20, 329 Yeu, Isle of (N.W. of Re): 133, 263, 281,286,359,361 *Yonge, Sir George, Bt. (1731-1812): 398n,407 *Yorke, Gen. Sir Joseph (1724-92): 436n ‘Young, Adm. James (d. 1789): 12n, 13, 143, 171, 216, 259, 270, 296, 321, 324, 341,347,350,355,464
Ruddock Mackay was born in 1922. He served as a rating in the Royal New Zealand Navy between 1942 and 1946, during which time he graduated with a degree in History. He obtained Mas at both London and Oxford Universities. He was a schoolmaster in both New Zealand and England. Between 1954 and 1965 he was a lecturer in naval history at Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, and later he lectured in Modern History at St. Andrew’s University, Scotland.
His publications include
• Admiral Hawke (Clarendon Press), 1965).
• Fisher of Kilverston (Oxford University Press, 1973).
• The Hawke Papers, a Selection, 1743 – 1771 (Navy Records Society, 1990).
• Hawke, Nelson and British Naval Leadership (Boydell Press, 2009).
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