This month sees the centenary celebrations of the Battle of Jutland, fought at the end of May 1916. The build up to the battle can only be understood within the context of the allied naval operations in the North Atlantic as well as those in the North Sea. This book, our 2003 Volume , The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War: The Northern Patrol, 1914-1918 explores the history of the Northern Patrol, perhaps the most constantly active Royal Navy vessels in the Great War and a barely acknowledged yet vital component in the eventual Allied victory.
The Tenth Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet had the task of patrolling the seas between Scotland and Greenland to intercept enemy ships trying to escape into the ocean and merchant ships who could be carrying goods destined for Germany. This was a task of great political sensitivity, since almost all the ships intercepted were neutrals, and requiring great physical endurance from ships and men in the violent North Atlantic.
The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War is a comprehensive collection of the records of the Northern Patrol. It consists of regular reports of the admirals in command, to which are added other relevant official records, and more informal documents. There are the chatty letters of Captain Vivian and HMS Patia, the appalling experiences of young officers placed in barely seaworthy sailing ships to see that they went into port for examination, the patehtic ‘mutiny’ by a bored, distressed and underpaid black gang, the diary of Able Seaman Style, demonstrating the tedium of the patrol, and the self-satisfied diary of Dr Shaw.
There are also the casualities: ships overwhelmed by storms, sunk by enemy action, torpedoed. The ships of the Patrol were perhaps the most constantly active Royal Navy vessels in the Great War, a barely acknowledged yet vital component in the eventual Allied victory.
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INDEX Aagaard, J.N., British Vice-Consul at Narvik, 251–252 Aakrahaven, Norway, 553, 554 Aalborg, Denmark, 112, 124, 134, 352, 428, 661, 685 Aalesund (N), 269, 362 Aalsund, Alesund, Norway, xvi, 128, 131, 367, 497, 712, 714 A.A. Raven (US), 332 Aarhus, Denmark, 112, 122, 132, 160, 173, 190, 270, 505, 592, 593, 603, 626, 628, 690, 691, 695 Aberdeen, Scotland, 55, 100, 235, 296, 318 Absalom (D), 271 Acacia (RN), 258 Achilles (RN), 524, 589, 644–645 Activ (D), 122, 142, 147 Ada (S), 492, 514, 527, 530, 773 Adamton (UK), 409n Adenwell (UK), 529 Adie, T.M., 778 Admiralty, 10, 11, 23, 26, 84, 119, 257, 470, 532–533; Room 40, 10; Trade Division, 4, 246, 532n, 534 Adolph Deppe (?), 653, 654n, 658 aeroplanes, 453 Africa, 66; east coast, 586, 602; west coast, 601 agricultural machinery, 243 Agriculture, Board of, 71n, 85, 596n ague, 548 A.H.Friis (D), 693 Ailsa Craig, Scotland, 152, 153, 539 Ainsdale (UK), 620, 623–624 Aith Voe, Shetland, 167 Akureyri, Iceland, xvii, 295, 375, 443 Aladdin (N), 335 Alarm (?), 220 Albania, 21n Albany, 50 Albemarle (RN), 48, 507 Most writers and recipients of letters and documents in this collection are not indexed; nor are the places and ships from which letters were addressed. This information will be found at the heads of the documents, some of it conveniently listed in ‘Sources of Documents’. Placenames such as Kirkwall, Lerwick, Stornoway, and Swarbacks Minn, which occur on almost every page, are indexed only selectively. Ships’ names are listed in italics and are identified by the initial letter of their country of registration in brackets: B – Belgium D – Denmark D(I) – Denmark (Iceland) F – France G – Germany N – Norway NL – Netherlands R – Russia S – Sweden UK – United Kingdom US – United States Naval vessels are similiarly identified with the addition of the letter ‘N’ (for ‘Navy’), with the exception of ‘RN’ for ‘Royal Navy’. Ships which served in the 10th Cruiser Squadron are in capitals. INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 815 Alberia (RN), 316 ALCANTARA (RN), 23, 135, 146, 151–163, 179–193, 212–228, 247, 257, 259–263, 269–272, 284–293, 304–308, 315–320, 328n, 329–333, 347–352, 355, 361–366, 375–380; fight with Greif and sunk, 383–389, 391, 404, 415, 424, 442, 593 Alexander (S), 494 Alexandra (D), 100 Alexandrovsk, Russia, 42, 310, 332, 398, 415, 507, 680; see also Murmansk Alf (N), 519, 531 Alfred Nobel (N), 57, 75 Algerie (BEL), 746 Algiers, Algeria, 179 Algol (N), 326, 327n, 430 Allen, F.R., Midshipman RNR, 290 Alltree, E.W., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 251, 252, 253–54 ALMANZORA (RN), 285, 289, 315–320, 329–333, 347–352, 355, 360–366, 376–380, 393–400, 403–410, 419–422, 426, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 490–496, 504–513, 518–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 658–667, 677–684, 689–698, 726, 728, 730–731, 734–738, 756, 769, 778 Alonzo (N), 149, 362, 366–367 ALSATIAN (RN), 29–31, 33n, 35–36, 41, 43–44, 45, 49–51, 55, 60, 65–75, 79, 86–88, 113, 124–136, 137, 143–145, 151–163, 165, 179–193, 211, 212–228, 258–263, 268–272, 284–292, 302–308, 309, 310, 314–320, 329–335, 354–356, 361–366, 376–380, 389, 392–400, 403–410, 415–422, 423, 427–431, 439–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 491–496, 504–513, 518–522, 524–531, 533–541, 544–553, 560–564, 565–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 618–621, 622–631, 633–635, 641–654, 661–667, 668, 674–684, 689–698, 701, 718, 726, 731, 733–738, 747, 755, 756, 761, 767, 771, 778–781, 783, 785–788 Alstad (N), 289 Alston, H.G., Commander RNR, 155, 166, 416, 441, 452, 481, 534, 566, 682 Altona, Germany, 270 aluminium, 63, 120, 126, 150 AMBROSE (RN), 65–75, 80, 86–99, 114, 124–136, 137, 146, 179–193, 203, 211, 212–228, 234, 260–263, 268–272, 284–292, 355 American Exporters Line, 8 Ami (D), 693 Amiral Aube (F-N), 601 ammunition, 181, 293, 334, 463n, 477 Amor (D), 479 Amsterdam, Netherlands, 31, 150, 572, 574, 575, 591, 716 Amsterdam (RN), 781, 783 Andenaes (N-N), 254 Anderson, J., A/B RNR, 401 Anderson, J.W.S., 267 Andersson, Captain, 542–543 ANDES (RN), 135, 146, 151–163, 179–193, 211, 212–228, 259–263, 269–272, 283, 284–292, 300, 302–308, 310, 315–320, 329–333, 347–352, 361–366, 376–380, 383–389, 391–400, 404–410, 417–422, 426, 427–431, 441–444, 449, 452–456, 463–471, 474–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 618–621, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 658–667, 676–684, 691–698, 705, 726, 728, 730, 734–738, 756, 759, 761, 762, 767, 775, 780 Andrew Welch (US), 303, 314, 318–319, 336 Andromache (UK), 452 Anglia (S), 577 Angora (RN), 415 Anna (D), 172–173, 204 Annam (D), 429 Annetta (D), 504, 505n antimony, 330, 463n Antrim (RN), 25, 49 Antwerpen (D), 204 appendicitis, 263, 304–305, 466, 468, 477, 644, 681 Aquila (N), 100, 101 Arabia (UK), 551, 559 Arabic (UK), 9 Aralia (UK), 213 Archangel, Russia, 42, 97, 150, 162, 816 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 816 163n, 180, 181–182, 192n, 204, 213, 214, 216, 221, 222–223, 227, 234, 249, 260, 269, 272, 277, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 285, 297, 300, 306, 308, 309, 310, 325, 332, 334, 340, 348, 349, 415, 452, 454, 464, 465, 477, 484, 493, 504, 506, 508, 512, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 534, 535, 537, 539, 548, 550, 581, 732, 746, 762 Ardrossan, Scotland, 82, 102, 134 Are (N), 455 Arendal, Norway, xvi, 173, 345 Arentz, Lieutenant Norwegian Navy, 254 Argentina, 460 Argo (S), 701, 706, 712 Argostoli, Greece, 271 Aries (UK), 494 ARLANZA (RN), 135, 146, 152–163, 179–193, 211, 212–228, 247, 258–263, 268–272, 284–292, 304–308, 310, 315–320, 329–333, 335, 355, 393–400, 415, 503, 523, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 619–621, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 659–667, 673–684, 693–698, 726, 728, 730, 734–738, 756, 769 Arlastor (N), 593, 594n, 637 ARLEY (RN), 231, 258, 283, 304–308, 315–320, 325, 329–333, 429, 439, 442–444, 445, 449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 482–496, 504–513, 519–522, 525–531, 532, 535–541, 544–553, 560–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 608–616, 619–621, 625–631, 647–654, 659–667, 679–684, 690–698, 705, 709–712, 733, 770 Armadale (UK), 736 ARMADALE CASTLE (RN), 503, 523, 562, 564, 568, 572, 577, 580, 585, 590–597, 602, 606, 610, 6–8–616, 624–631, 641–655, 656–667, 676–684, 693–698, 726, 728, 730, 732, 734–738, 759, 768 Armageddon (RN), 561, 564 armed guards, 6, 10, 175–176, 257, 265, 501, 532; see also prize crews Armed Merchant Cruisers, 1, 3, 12, 25, 30, 33–34, 43–44, 55, 63, 64, 104–106, 113–115, 784 Armed Trawlers, 227n, 231–232 Armour & Co, consignee, 107, 108, 673 armour plating, 181 arms, 160 Arnold, J.H., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 685, 699 Arnold-Forster, F.D., Captain RN, 781 Arran I., Scotland, 157 Artemis (N), 148, 574, 632 ARTOIS (RN), 300n, 360–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 415, 417–422, 423, 427–431, 441–444, 447, 449n, 452–456, 463–471, 476–483, 492–496, 504–513, 517, 518–522, 524–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 566–573, 577–583, 585, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 618–621, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 658–667, 670–671, 685, 693–698, 704, 717, 718, 726, 729–731, 733, 734–738, 745, 752, 756, 767, 769, 770, 774; see also DIGBY Ashby, A.L., Commander RN, 574, 668, 707, 719–722 Asmussen, consignee, 147 asphalt, 216 Assistant (N), 493, 499–501, 513 Atland (S), 369 Atlanten (?), 773 Atlantic (S), 148, 730, 738 Atlantic Ocean, 586, 601 Atmah (F-N), 310 Audrey (UK), 263 Audun (N), 674, 676, 680, 681 Augusta (N), 148, 155, 167, 674, 675, 686–688 Augusta (S), 175 Ausable (US), 350, 362, 691; see also Laura Auskerry, Orkney, xvii, 170, 469; see also Uskerry Australia, 118, 153 Australia (R), 528 Austria, Austrians, Austria-Hungary, 17, 28, 153, 172, 319, 442, 460, 525, 587, 700, 730, 733 automobile, 85, 236 AVENGER (RN), 400, 503, 511, 517–522, 526–531, 534–541, 544–553, 561–564, 566–573, 576, 577–583, 584, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 618–621, 625–631, 640–654, 659–667, 668, 679–684, 689–698, 707; sunk, 639, 716, 719–722, 749, 769, 782 Avesta (S), 272, 286 Avio (R), 149 INDEX 817 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 817 Avoca (RN), 586 Avonmouth, Somerset, 65, 68–71, 73, 81, 174n Axel Johnsson (S), 360 Azores, 150, 695 Aztec (N), 626 Bacchante (RN), 10n, 586, 602 Bach, L.C., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 542 bacon, 132, 305n, 379, 671 Bagnall, A.J., CPO RN, 515–516 Bain, D., A/B, 424 Baker, W., PO RN, 516 Baker, Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 196 Baker, US Consular service Bergen, 164 Balearic Is, Spain, 704, 718 Balfour, Arthur, Foreign Secretary, 637 Baltic (S), 528 Baltic Sea, xv, 40, 149n, 152, 167, 174n Baltimore, Maryland, 81, 101, 123, 133, 173, 181, 204, 220, 223, 224, 234, 235, 240, 265, 272, 276, 287, 288, 291, 315, 318, 347, 365, 431, 482n, 562, 592, 612, 617, 649, 656, 671–672, 677 Baltimore (N), 56 Balto (N), 284, 293, 404 Bamford, C.A., Midshipman RNR, 295 Bang, Captain, 219, 236–238 Bangkok, Thailand, 149 Bangor, Ireland, 74 Bangpuhtis (R), 174 Baptista, Francisco, 730 Barbadoes, 173n, 627 Barcelona, Spain, 122, 528 Barlby (UK), 736 barley, 77, 101, 122, 243, 526, 642, 654, 655n Baron Holberg (N), 123 Barra Head, Scotland, 74, 87, 179, 181, 262, 309, 632, 664, 676, 747, 757 barrels, 480, 482, 508n Barrow, Lancashire, 97 Barry, Glamorgan, 47, 234, 398, 504, 506, 525, 545 Barttelot, B.H.P., Captain French Navy, 470, 690 Basuta (UK), 620 Bate, J.C., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 428–429, 457 Bateman, R.W., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 254 Bather, R.H., Captain RN, 417 Batteris, W., PO RN, 193 Battle Cruiser Squadron, 1st, 36 Battle Squadron, 1st, 112, 785; 2nd, 48, 175; 3rd, 36, 50, 56, 587, 600 Baune (N), 216 Bavaria, Germany, 172 BAYANO (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 113; sunk, 119, 124, 127, 138, 335 Bayley, C.C., 336 beans, 303 Bear I., 178, 258 bearing instruments, 85 Beatty, Sir David, Admiral RN, 224n, 563, 565, 607n Beck, consignee, 108 Beechbank (N), 352, 362–363 Beijer, consignee, 224 Belfast, Ireland, xviii, 73, 74, 124, 133, 148, 155, 285, 289, 442, 602, 653, 658, 677 Belfast Lough, 124, 779 Belgian Relief Commission, 407, 478, 616, 650 Belgien (D), 612, 616–617, 657, 688 Belgium, 5, 17; troops of, 271 Bell, A.C., 16–17 Bell, A.J., Midshipman RNR, 523 Bell, H.F., Engineer Commander RN, 530, 536 Bellona (RN), 432–433 Bell Rock, Scotland, 296 belt knives, 107 Bengal, Bay of, 601 Bengarth (RN), 534 Benguela, Angola, 149, 151 Benham and Boyce, consignees, 110 Bennetsvat (N), 100 Bennett, A.D., Lieutenant RNR, 401, 434 Benshaw (UK), 217 Benson, R.E.R., Captain RN, 23, 86, 161, 217, 379, 390, 394, 407, 426, 428, 429 Ben Strome (UK), 121 Benue (UK), 480 Bergen, Norway, xvi, 27, 30, 45, 51n, 53, 70, 72, 81, 82, 89, 92, 120–121, 141, 160, 161, 164, 180, 182, 217, 218, 225, 234, 240, 270, 271, 280, 282, 287, 289, 291, 292, 301, 307, 317, 318, 319, 324, 326, 327, 328, 331, 344, 347, 351, 367, 374, 379, 381, 406, 422, 444, 468, 490, 505, 545, 556, 619, 621, 626, 628, 646, 648, 652, 674, 683, 695, 700, 720 Bergensfjord (N), 30, 52–53, 69–72, 91, 110–111, 127, 128, 129n, 134–135, 141–143, 184, 218, 222, 240, 245, 818 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 818 311, 319, 323, 328, 332, 351–352, 359, 409, 422–424, 426, 427, 440, 445, 456, 466, 473, 505, 624 Bergenske Coy, 759 Berlin, Germany, 71n, 107, 289 Berlin (G), 27, 51n Bermuda, 600, 628 Bernisse (NL), 675, 701, 712 Bertrand (UK), 736 Berufjord, Iceland, 539, 541 Bessalier, Norway, 260 Bessfield (N), 184 Bessiker, Norway, 317 Betty (R), 234 B.G. Kronberg (S), 678 Bianca (N), 215 Biarnarey, Iceland, 515 Biggs, J.H., Lieutenant RNR, 251 Bill Bailey’s Bank, 785 Bingham, R.A., Lieutenant RNR, 719, 765 Birewick, Shetland, 523 Birkenhead, Cheshire, 123 Birkenhead (RN), 271 Biscay, Bay of, 558 Bishop, Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 368, 402 Bjerkvik, Norway, 252, 254 Bjornsen (D), 75 Bjoro I., Norway, 232 ‘black fish’, 25, 49 Black List, 107, 122n, 123n, 137, 159n, 190n, 204n, 282n, 287n, 292n, 350, 479, 480, 481, 487, 505n, 515n, 591, 739, 757 Black Prince (RN), 172 blasting machinery, 108n Bleichroder, merchants, 167 blockade, 1–2, 3–4, 12–22, 64, 240–244, 338–340, 381, 459–462, 471–472, 473–474, 482n, 488–489, 502, 509n, 513, 585–587, 603–605, 606–607, 646–647, 760 Blockade, Ministry of, 4, 570n, 723 ‘blockade-runners’, 16, 313, 338–339, 447 Blyth, Northumberland, 42, 213, 279, 280, 285, 325, 326 Board of Trade, 4 Bodin (N), 254 Bodo, Norway, 252, 254 Bohn, J.M., consignee, 107 boilermakers, 563, 636, 731, 759 Bolivia, 772n Bollsta (N), 665 Bolsheviks, 15 Bonanza (N), 270 Bonhemr (N), 349 Bonna (N), 628, 629, 630 Booty, E.L., Commodore RN, 255–256, 379, 399, 468, 517, 552, 584, 620 Bordeaux, France, 477, 581, 594 Bordeyri (N), 520 Borg, B., 311 Boston, Massachusetts, 148, 192, 593, 628 Botnia (D), 100, 214, 234 Botterill and Roche, consignees, 112 Bowen, H.T., Commander RN, 61 Bowman, G., O/S, 297 Bowring, V.L., Commander RN, 421, 476 Boy-Ed, K., Captain German Navy, 326n Boyle, M.F., Rear-Admiral RN, 712 Bradder, C., Stoker RFR, 299 Brae, Shetland, xvi, 778 Braeriach (UK), 613 Bragi (D), 567 Bragin (N), 82 Brakar (N), 56, 57n, 123–124, 133, 148 bran, 45, 90, 112, 122, 243, 276n Brand (N-N), 374 Brandenberg (G), 41, 73 brass, 160 Bratland (N), 428 Brazil, 20, 21n, 46n, 134n, 331, 460, 724, 772n Brazil (N), 407, 621 Breifond (N), 496 Bremen, Germany, 95, 96, 102n, 129, 132, 153, 482n Bremen (G), 20, 493n Bremerhaven, Germany, 157 Bressay I., Shetland, xvi, 303, 371 Brest, France, 204, 304, 334, 427, 453, 465, 480, 484, 508, 512, 535, 539, 548, 582 Briey, France, 461 Brilliant (G), see Llama Brilliant (RN), 264 Brims Ness, Scotland, 162 Brindilla (US), 362 brine, 508n Bristol, 327n British Viscount (UK), 786 Brock, Sir F.E.E., Vice-Admiral RN, 612, 623 Brock, H., Captain, 603 Brock, O. de B. Rear-Admiral RN, 727–728 Brocklebank, H.C.R., Captain RN, 398, 522 INDEX 819 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 819 Brode (N), 287 Bromley, A., Captain RN, 264 Brooke, F.W., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 603 Brooks, J.H., Director of Victualling, Admiralty, 435 Brown & Co, John, 59 Brown, P.G., Captain RN, 764–766, 768 Bruton, C.V. Commander RN, 125 Buch, Paul, consignee, 107, 142 Buchan Ness, Scotland, 35, 36, 225, 566 Buckeridge, F, Lieutenant-Commander RNVR, 301 Buckingham Palace, 464, 735 Buenos Ayres, Argentina, 45, 134, 189, 224n, 276, 289, 332, 337, 407, 484, 491, 537, 613n, 647, 658, 682, 690, 694, 695, 741 Buholm Rasen Channel, Norway, 227 Bulgaria, 17, 21, 281, 512 Bullmouth (RN), 692 Bulysses (RN), 758 Buncrana, Ireland, 469, 747, 753, 755, 759, 781 Burevestnik (R), 235 Burntisland, Scotland, 148, 174 Burra Firth, 77 Burra Sound, 68 Burray, Orkney, xvii Busta House, 683, 777 Busta Voe, Shetland, xvi, 28–29, 30, 32, 49–53, 145, 155, 167–168, 183, 261, 273, 280, 360, 383, 416, 490, 777 butter, 282, 450, 742 Butt of Lewis, Scotland, xviii, 73, 74, 152, 156, 160, 179, 181, 185, 186, 188, 189, 220, 221, 329, 366, 402, 454, 496, 541, 549, 554, 573, 589, 619, 638, 640, 659, 662, 676, 680, 689, 717, 744, 750, 776, 780, 785, 788 Byrne, C.G. Gunner RN, 251, 253 Cable, Eric, British Consul in Iceland, 14–15, 42, 220, 428, 626, 763, 787 Cabotia (?), 534 Cadiz, Spain, 282. 646, 653, 683 Caesarea (RN), 88, 92, 184, 195, 198–202, 257 Cairnsmore (N), 204 caissons, 285 Caithness, Scotland, xvii, 3 Calanthe (RN), 316, 365 Calderbank, A., Rev., RN, 346 Caleta Buena, Chile, 595 Calf of Man, 152, 193 Calgarian (RN), 586, 600 Caliban (RN), 216, 225 Califol (RN), 520 California (D), 71, 174, 204 CALYX (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 103, 114, 116, 117, 257, 280; paid off, 125, 126, 127, 137 Cambria (RN), 93, 95, 194–195 Cambrian (UK), 648 Campania (RN), 479 Canada, Canadian, 149, 155, 173, 204, 331, 554, 600, 773 Canada (R), 97 Canner, W.J., Lieutenant RNR, 497, 499 Cannizaro (UK), 444, 562 Cantyre, 151, 175, 205, 233; see also Mull of Cantyre Cape Breton I., 157 Capella (S), 276 Cape North, Iceland, 395; see also North Cape Cape Revsnes, Iceland, 733 Cape St Vincent, Portugal, 180 Cape Town, South Africa, 469, 600 Cape Trafalgar, 284 Cap Trafalgar (G), 41 Cape Wrath, Scotland, xviii, 91, 129, 221, 237, 277, 343 Cardiff, Glamorgan, 42, 150, 182, 197, 204, 282, 528, 529 Carey, G.C., A/B RNVR, 409 CARIBBEAN (RN), 64–75, 76–77, 80, 87–99, 101, 113, 116, 117, 126–136, 137, 146, 193, 271, 277 Carl (D), 432–433 Carmania (RN), 46n Carmichael, M., Seaman RNR, 720 Carnarvon, North Wales, 282 Carolina (S), 134, 332, 336 Carr, G.J., Surgeon Lieutenant RN, 708 Carson, Sir Edward, First Lord of the Admiralty, 565, 570 Carter, S.F., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 337–338, 361, 558 Carysfort, 260 Casey, Chief Gunner, 386–387 casks, 455 castings, 120 castor oil, 288n Catherine (N), 523–524 Cattegat, xv, xvi, 224 cattlefood, 381 Cavell, Edith, 282 820 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 820 Cecil, Lord Robert, Minister of Blockade, 4, 445–446, 509n, 513, 551, 570n, 703 cedar, 172 Cedarbank (N), 526, 533, 534, 538 CEDRIC (RN), 65–75, 77, 80, 81, 102, 113, 121, 125–136, 137, 143, 145, 148, 179–193, 202, 212–228, 259–263, 269–272, 284–292, 301–302, 304–308, 314–320, 329–333, 337, 343–352, 354–355, 361, 382 Celebes (NL), 572 cereals, 460, 678n Ceres (D), 260, 443 Ceylon (?), 235 Chagford (UK), 754 chalk, 216 Chamberlain, Neville, Prime Minister, 17 Chamberlain (UK), 225 CHAMPAGNE (RN), 340, 348–349, 403, 415, 582, 585, 589n, 596–597, 606, 607–616, 625–631, 637, 641–654, 660–667, 673–684, 689–698, 706, 726, 729, 731, 734–738, 745, 752, 758; sunk, 764–766, 768, 769, 782; see also OROPESA CHANGUINOLA (RN), 65–75, 80, 86–99, 113, 120, 124–136, 137, 146, 150, 179–193, 202, 203, 207, 212–228, 236, 259–263, 269–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–335, 345, 346–352, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 427–431, 441–444, 449n, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 493–496, 504–513, 518–522, 524–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 658–667, 673–684, 689–698 726, 733–738, 743, 746, 754, 756–758, 767, 769, 780 Channel Is, 346 Charleston, South Carolina, 58, 124, 134, 428 Chatfield, Lord, Admiral, 17n Chatham, 120 cheese, 379 Chile, 122, 673 Chile (N), 504, 505n China, 21n, 586, 601, 700 china-clay, 235 Chinese sailors, 527 Chisholm, J., Steward, 528 Christensen Thorgerson, consignee, 107 Christiania, Norway, 56, 84, 100, 109–110, 120–121, 128, 129, 134, 141, 150, 158, 159, 189, 190, 192, 203, 254, 271, 272, 301, 303, 305, 315, 316, 327, 329, 345, 350, 351, 399, 408, 431, 439, 465, 562, 581, 621, 628, 630, 632, 665, 666, 677; British Minister at, 108–110, 111, 112, 141, 245, 323, 434, 463, 532, 703 Christiansand, Norway, 100, 141, 149, 172, 318, 324, 352 Christiansund, Norway, 89, 183, 315, 326, 454, 482, 525, 541 Christopher Knudsen (D), 50 Chumpon (D), 123, 147 Church, W.D., Captain RN, 539, 694 Church Army, 524, 567, 576 Churchill, Winston, 11 Cikto (N), 482, 484 Cimbria (D), 706, 712 Circassie (F), 539 City of London (RN), 586, 602 City of Macon (US), 158–159 CLAN MACNAUGHTON (RN), 64–75, 80, 86–87, 105; sunk, 88, 103, 104, 114, 116, 137, 139, 335 Clark, W. Lieutanant RNR, 198 Clarke, F.H.D., Lieutenant RNR, 164, 516 Clarke, P.B., Midshipman RNR, 225 Claudius Aulagnon (R), 50 Clay, J.R., Engineer Commander RNR, 420 Cleethorpes, 355 Closeburn (UK), 712 cloth, 162, 350 Clyde, 63, 65, 86, 88, 89, 91, 93, 94, 97, 124, 138, 175, 205, 317, 318, 333, 334 Clydebank, 59 coal, 6–7, 13, 15, 36, 42, 82, 149, 180, 197, 204, 234, 235, 279, 282, 327, 475, 480, 481, 525, 528, 556, 674 Coal Exports Committee, 475 Coates, British consul in Faeroe Is, 42–43 Coates, J.M., Lieutenant R.N.R., 373–375, 432–434 Cochrane (RN), 10n, 524, 566, 630 cocoa, 12–13, 107, 115, 157, 180, 455 cocoa beans, 132 cocoanut cake, 243 codes, coding, 173, 346, 357; see also cyphers cod liver, 467 INDEX 821 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 821 cod oil, 258, 455 coffee, 20, 53, 102n, 134, 150, 159, 243, 272, 305, 316, 324, 350, 363 coke, 236, 290 Cold, C.M.T., Captain, 13, 85, 111, 140, 150n Colenso (UK), 213 Coll I., Scotland, xviii, 152 Colomb, P.H., Commodore RN, 688n, 750–752 Colombier (B?), 666, 667n, 673 Colonsay, Scotland, xviii, 87 COLUMBELLA (RN), 65, 75, 80, 86–99, 113, 117–118, 126–136, 137, 143, 146, 150, 179–193, 203, 212–228, 258–263, 269–272, 284–292, 304–308, 314–320, 327, 329–333, 347–352, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 419–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–555, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 589–597, 606, 608–616, 618–621, 625–631, 635, 636, 641–654, 661–667, 675–684, 691–698, 726, 728, 730, 732, 734–738, 745, 756 Columbian (US), 551, 559, 560 Colville, S.C., Admiral RN, 175 colza oil, 93n Comus (RN), 385, 386–387, 734 Conan Doyle (UK), 597 Coningsby (UK), see Orion Conqueror (RN), 72, 74 Conrad Mohr (N), 379, 484, 652 Consett, Admiral, 16 Consul N. Neilsen (D), 706, 740–744 Consul Olsson (S), 290 Contraband Committee, 4, 10, 15, 23–24, 64, 93n, 96n, 101n, 102n, 107, 123n, 124n, 131n, 134n, 152n, 153n, 161n, 162n, 172n, 204n, 220n, 227n, 135n, 248, 260n, 270n, 291n, 300n, 317n, 328n, 332n, 378n, 421, 432n, 444n, 463, 465n, 471, 481n, 482n, 491n, 508n, 509n, 520n, 528n, 541n, 591n, 592n, 594n, 596n, 603n, 630n, 650n, 651n, 655n, 667n, 674n, 694n, 700n, 775n contraband, definition of, 1, 14 convoys, 599. 723, 725–726, 728, 730, 745, 749, 753, 755–756, 759–760, 769, 776, 781 Cook, Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 515 Cooke, E.J., Surgeon Sub-Lieutenant RN, 529 Copenhagen, Denmark, xv, 56, 75, 84, 85, 91, 93n, 100, 107, 122, 123, 128, 129, 133, 147, 148, 149, 150, 161, 162, 174, 179, 180, 181, 186, 204, 212, 214, 215, 217, 221, 224, 233, 234, 235, 241, 258, 259, 260, 261, 265, 267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 277, 282, 284, 287, 290, 292, 305, 312, 314, 319, 325, 327, 330, 334, 343, 352, 376, 377, 396, 403, 408, 419, 425, 429, 432, 442, 443, 444, 469, 491, 505n, 507, 525, 550, 562, 568, 627, 628n, 649, 657, 669, 675, 681, 688, 693, 740, 741, 770, 786 Copinsay, Orkney, xvii, 500 Copland, G., 662 copper, 63, 85, 129n, 131, 149n, 150, 160, 162, 167, 180, 181, 216, 272, 283, 293, 302, 324, 330, 332, 350, 377, 403, 405n, 482n, 527, 535; ingots, 120, 126 Coppinger, R.H., Commander RN, 477–478, 692 Corbett, G.E., Captain RN, 368 Corcubion, Spain, 316 cork, 122, 284, 732n, 775n corn, 174, 613n, 649 Corning (US), 391 Corona (N), 287–288 Correct (N), 394, 395 CORRIE ROY (RN), 694, 746, 747, 748, 758, 787 Corsewall Point, Scotland, 124 cotton, 14n, 20, 95, 123, 148n, 186n, 240–241, 243, 460 cotton seed, 132, 332 cotton-seed cake, 122, 123n, 128, 175, 186n, 243, 270, 330, 350, 352n, 370, 593, 594n, 613, 668 cotton-seed oil, 399, 577 Cowes, Isle of Wight, 26 Cowwhale (RN), 690 Cox, W.J., L/S RNR, 765 Crawford, P.C., Lieutenant RNR, 218 Crawford, Sir R., 111 CRESCENT (RN), 26–32, 35–41, 44–53, 55; paid off, 60, 62–63, 397 Cromarty, 35–41, 45–48, 60, 285 Cromarty Firth, 44, 285 Croucher, Steward, 751 Crowe, Sir E., Assistant Under-Secretary of State, Foreign Office, 109 822 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 822 Cruiser Squadron, 1st, 91; 2nd, 37, 38, 40, 41, 46, 47, 546, 600, 652, 681, 683, 727, 740, 778, 779, 780, 783; 3rd, 37, 38, 46, 47, 49, 50–52, 55–60; 6th, 35–37, 40, 57, 98, 116; 7th, 316; 9th, 600; 19th, 755; for 10th see Northern Patrol cryolite, 7, 204, 233, 270, 442 Cuba, 21n, 172, 700, 772n Cubano (N), 188, 191n, 234 Cumberland (RN), 586, 601–602 Cunningham, D., Stoker RFR, 794 Currie Line, 282 Cushing (US), 93 Customs Service, 4,10, 24, 39, 50, 71n, 84, 93n, 96n, 106, 108–112, 140–141, 142, 152n, 153n, 169, 264, 272n, 275, 300, 739, 759, 775n cutlery, 350 Cuxhaven, Germany, xv, 226, 265, 501 Cyclops (RN), 57, 199, 209 cyphers, 173; see also codes Czar (R), 464, 680, 731 Dacia (?), 95–96, 115 Dagmar (N), 375 Daily Record, 24 Dakar, West Africa, 762, 780 Dalewood (UK), 247 Dana (N), 608, 622 Danae (F), 214, 216n Danebrod (D), 693 Dania (D), 265–266, 528 Danish United Shipping Co., 13, 88, 156, 215, 359; see also Det Forende Damskibs Selskat Danmark (D), 775 Dannebrog (D), 547, 550, 552, 561, 562, 563 Dannreuther, T., Captain RN, 553, 627, 677, 733 Dansborg (D), 315 Dart, Captain, 341–344 Dauntless (D), 637 Davager (N), 180n, 198n deal, 486 Dean, F.W., Captain RN, 439, 705 de Bunsen, Sir Maurice, 475 de Chair, D.R.S., Rear Admiral RN, 10–12, 22, 62, 64, 79, 100n, 119, 257, 268n, 293n, 313, 388n, 389, 390, 393, 445, 472, 503, 551, 647, 723 de Couedic, Captain French Navy, 403 de Garston, E.M., 349, 668 Dekkers, Anne, 339 Delme (G), 27 Delos (D), 683 Delphinus (N), 626 de Marguerye, P., Captain French Navy, 454, 524, 566, 615 Deneb (N), 327 Denmark, xv, 5, 6–7, 12–14, 17, 75, 85, 107, 108–110, 123, 143, 162n, 168, 190, 240–243, 244, 248, 315, 381, 488–489, 532, 628n, 742, 773 Denmark Strait, xv, 154, 156, 394, 503, 525, 561, 563, 608, 609, 616, 627, 699, 729, 737, 763 Dennis, R., 105 Dent, W., Greaser, 253 Denver (US), 64, 69, 83–84, 95 Dernburg, Dr B.J.L., 184 Desaix (F-N), 601 Descartes (F-N), 601 Destroyer Flotilla, 2nd, 37; 4th, 48 Det Forende Damskibs Selskat, 147; see also Danish United Shipping Co. detonators, 89 d’Etouat, Captain French Navy, 733 Deutsche Amerikasche Petroleum Gesellschaft, 514 Deutsches Bank, 339 Deutschland (G-N), 20, 482, 485–486, 487, 493n Devona (UK), 746 Devonian (UK), 757 Devonport, Cornwall, 26, 27, 76, 210, 304, 600 Diaz (R), 149 Diesel oil, 273, 288n DIGBY (RN), 65–75, 80, 86–99, 114, 120, 122, 124–136, 137, 146, 174, 179–193, 212–228, 260–263, 268–272, 284–292, 300, 304–308, 310–311, 315–320, 329n, 355; see also Artois Dimon Fjord, Faeroes, 298, 316, 319 Dina Lea (N), 536 Disa (?), 712 Djemnah (F), 484 Dockyards, Director of, 59, 60; see also Marshall, Sir James Dolphin, G.R., Lieutenant-Commander RNR, 411–412 Dominican Republic, 772n; see also Santo Domingo Dominion (UK), 348 Donaghadee, Ireland, 647 INDEX 823 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 823 Donegal (RN), 34, 449, 451 Dorothy (UK), 480 Dorleans, A.F., PO French Navy, 615 Douglas, J.A., Lieutenant RNVR, 363–364, 531, 538 Douro (D), 121 Dove (RN), 125, 393 Dover Strait, 3, 5, 606 Dowlais (UK), 504, 507 Down, N.L., Commander RN, 170, 267 Downs, 606 Doxford & Son, W., 525 Draglett (N), 282 Drake (RN), 35, 44, 600, 763 Drammensfjord (N), 98, 160, 178, 219, 220, 234, 240, 245–246, 365, 466 Dratsberg (N), 289 Draug (N-N), 367 Dreadnought (RN), 587n Dromore (UK), 691–692 Dronty (R), 220 Drott (S), 701, 705, 709–712, 713 Drottning Sophia (S), 305 DRYAD (RN), 26–32, 33–34, 45–50; grounded, 50, 55 Dubhe (NL), 537 Duffill, J., Assistant Paymaster, 386 Dugmore, E.V., Commander RN, 266, 363 Duke of Albany (RN), 97, 98, 195 Duke of Cornwall (RN), 122, 126, 127, 129, 130, 195, 198, 201, 217, 218, 360, 781, 783 Duke of Edinburgh (RN), 283, 567 Dumas, P., Captain RN, Director of Torpedoes, 165 Dunbar, Scotland, 296 Dundas, L.L., Captain RN, 603 Dundee, Scotland, 123, 280, 300, 334 Dundee (RN), 644–645 Dunkirk, France, 147 Dunlop, J.E., Engineer Commander RNR, 721 Dunnet Head, Scotland, xvii, 186, 237 Dupetit Thouars (F-N), 601 Dupleix (F-N), 601 Durango (?), 758 Durban (N), 627 Durham (UK), 277 Dutch, see Holland and Netherlands Dwinsk (R), 731 dyestuffs, 482n Dysart, Scotland, 224 E-44 (RN), 681–682 Eagle (RN), 412 earthnut cake, 243 East Africa, 772 East Asiatic Co., 265 East Indies, Dutch, 772 East Loch Roag, Scotland, 262, 263 Eastty, A.M., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 286 Ebenezer (D), 661, 663–664, 671, 685–686 EBRO (RN), 135, 146, 152–163, 179–193, 212–228, 259–263, 266–267, 269–272, 273–274, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 326, 329–333, 355, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 418–422, 426, 427–431, 439–444, 449n, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 491–496, 504–513, 518–522, 524–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 661–667, 679–684, 693–698, 700, 705, 714, 726, 734–738, 746, 756, 758, 763, 767, 768, 780 Edderside (N), 647, 648n, 649 EDGAR (RN), 26–32, 35–41, 44–54, 55–60, 196; damaged, 61 Edgar class, 11, 25, 33, 43, 63– 64, 65, 115, 723 Edgar Quinet (F-N), 586, 601 Edinburgh Castle (RN), 586, 601–602 Edith (D), 476, 483n EDWARDIAN (RN), 693, 748, 754 Edwards, D.L., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 298 Edwards, H., Captain RN, 236, 288 Edwards, H., Assistant Steward, 708 Edwards, R.V., Midshipman RNR, 719 EDWARD WILLIAMS (RN), 767 Egerton, Sir G. le C., Admiral RN, 27n eggs, 282 Egret (UK), 186 Egypt, 11 Eidis Bay, Iceland, 515 Eiffel Tower, 531 Eimbeki, Theodore, 531 Einang, E., Captain Norwegian Navy, 252 Ekanepeiria II (R), 512 Ekaterinoslav (R), 484 Ekersund, Norway, xvi, 263, 270 Eleanora Maersk (D), 223, 255 electrical grinding machinery, 107 ELF KING (UK), 190, 203, 693, 732, 736, 787 Elginshire (UK), 457 824 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 824 Elin (S), 701 Elisabeth (NL), 733 Ellen (S), 763 Elliott, C.E., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 632 Elliott, W.S., Sergeant RMLI, 299 Elsinore, Denmark, 47 Elve (NL), 675, 701, 712 Emanuel (?), 712 Emma (R), 440 Ems (G), 303; see also Polarine ENDYMION (RN), 26–32, 35–41, 44–54, 55–57 Enemy Exports Committee, 4, 248 Energie (?), 152 England, G.P., Captain RN, 483–484, 495, 642, 655 English Channel, 5, 25, 111, 430n Englishman (UK), 403n Enid (RN), see King Lear enteric, 653 Eric, Prince of Denmark, 676 Eriner (US), 453 Erna (G), 285 Ernest Renan (F-N), 586, 601 Esbjerg, Denmark, xv, 101, 350, 594n, 613n Eshaness, Shetland, xvi, 416, 441, 442, 452, 490, 609, 643, 644 Eskefiord, Iceland, 541 ESKIMO (RN), 65–75, 76, 80, 87–99, 114, 116, 117, 137, 152; paid off, 125, 127 Esquimault, Canada, 601 Esrom (D), 150. 292, 302, 323–324 Essex (RN), 586, 602 Ester (D), 94, 221, 770 Ethelaida (R), 274 Ethel Mildred (US), 553–555 Europa (D), 612, 616–617, 656–657, 688 Eva (D), 373–375 Eva (N), 381 Evans, H.C., Colonel RMLI, 29, 32 Eveline (NL), 467 Excellence Pleske (D), 160, 169 Excellent (RN), 11n Excelsior (G), see Petrolite Exmouth (RN), 48 explosives, 160 Eyia Fjord, Iceland, xvii, 157, 181 Faaborg, Norway, 252 Fair I., 128, 156, 161, 171, 177, 192, 296, 334, 342, 370, 399, 466, 500 Fair Island Channel, 50, 71, 78, 80, 122, 192, 340–341, 370, 509, 519, 589 Fairbairn, Rev. W., 778 Falk, consignee, 531 Falkland (D), 314 Falmouth, Cornwall, 27, 39, 90, 106, 112, 567, 570, 572, 575, 584, 591, 594, 597–598, 610, 668 Falster, Denmark, 408n Famiglia (Italy), 614, 615, 616 FARADAY (RN), 677–684, 691–698, 787 Farmien I., Faeroes, 483 Faroe Is, Faeroes, xv, xvii, 3, 7, 28, 37, 42–43, 50, 51, 55, 61, 67–69, 71–73, 78, 89, 93, 97, 100, 121, 131, 151, 158, 161, 203, 214, 221, 242, 247, 258, 269, 281, 288, 293, 295, 298–299, 303, 305, 306, 309, 311, 319, 334, 348, 250, 406, 429, 437, 440, 444, 448, 455, 458, 468, 478, 486, 489, 490, 499, 506, 513, 519, 520, 548, 553, 567, 585, 609, 610, 613, 615, 616, 625, 637n, 643, 653, 688, 690, 692, 699, 700, 702, 704, 718, 772; Governor of, 43 Farsund, Norway, 669 Faskrudfjord, Iceland, 770 fats, 460, 462n Fawckner, W.B., Rear-Admiral RN, 166, 169, 182–183, 217, 261, 405, 442, 566, 638, 681 Faxa Bay, Iceland, xv, 767 Fearless (RN), 666 Feistein (N), 650 Fenris (D), 483 Ferguson, G., Lieutenant RNR, 721 Fernandina, Florida, 172 Ferriman Point, Anglesey, 157 ferrotungsten, 98, 108n Fife (UK), 618, 631 Fiji Is, 501n Fimreite (N), 216, 225 Findlay, Sir M. de G., British Minister at Christiania, 141, 142, 323, 381, 703 Fingland (?), 324 Finiedet, Norway, 255 Finland, 149, 258 Fiona (D), 676 Fiona (RN), 191 Fionia (D), 597, 637–638 Fiore (N), 682 firearms, 108n Firth of Clyde, xviii, 82, 102, 151 Firth of Lorne, 638 INDEX 825 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 825 fish, 100, 121, 162, 173, 190, 192, 203, 258, 270, 281, 284, 285, 288, 289, 319, 332, 443, 444, 468, 488, 490, 494, 515, 528, 608, 632, 637n, 653, 690, 716 fish oil, 319, 375, 443, 468, 480, 488, 525, 637n Fisk (N), 495 Fiskaa (N), 659, 662, 663n, 666, 674 Fitfull Head, Shetland, xvi Fixstjerne (N), 509 Flannan Is, Scotland, xviii, 130, 161, 180, 181, 189, 198, 234n, 261, 286, 302, 432, 662, 540, 541, 634, 650, 678, 699, 779 Flatey I., Iceland, 188 Fleetwood, Lancashire, 273, 285, 455, 588, 643 Flekkefjord, Norway, 332, 337–338, 361 Flensburg, Germany, 228 Flora (N), 319, 408, 444, 468; see also Olaf Kyrre Florida (D), 204 Flotta, Orkney, xvii flour, 13, 30, 56, 120, 126, 303, 351, 379, 488, 673 Flying Buzzard (RN), 316, 433 Flynderborg (S), 255 fodder, 459, 462n Folden Fjord, Norway, 185, 193 food, on Armed Merchant Cruisers, 165, 196, 257; see also victualling foodstuffs, 2, 115, 160, 243, 272, 303, 381, 478 football, 231, 273 forage, 2 Ford, Henry, 329n Foreign Office, 4, 10, 12, 84, 110–111, 246, 248, 394, 445, 470, 481n, 551, 728 Forster, C.W., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 709–711, 712 Forsvick (S), 126, 139 Forth, river, Scotland, 296 Forward Ho! (RN), 414 Foula I., Shetland, xvi, 38, 58, 216 Fowey, Cornwall, 235 Fox II (D), 233, 442, 518 Fram (N), 58, 139, 454, 581 France, French, 13, 17, 139, 161, 168, 340, 346, 415, 459–462, 586–587, 600–601, 671, 728 France-Hayhurst, C.R., Captain RN, 96 Fraser, Alexander, Chief Carpenter, 721 Freden (D), 706, 713 Frederick VIII (D), 88, 98, 115, 148, 162, 180, 215, 227, 229, 230, 272, 305, 311–312, 314, 330, 396, 427 Frederick Lawrence (D), 628 Frederickshald, Denmark, 203 Frederickshaven, Denmark, 627, 628 Freer, A., Lieutenant-Commander RNR, 629 Freidrich Arp (G), 212, 229 Fremantle, S.R., Rear-Admiral RN, 611, 644n, 681 Freya (N-N), 189, 194, 228 Fridland (D), 75 Frigga (S), 174 Frimley (UK), 123 Frisia (NL), 591 Frithjof (N-N), 212 Froldhoven, Faeroes, 448 Frolic (UK), 204 Frotz Smith (N), 332 fruit, 282, 399n, 620–621 fuel, 2, 6 Fugle Fjord, Faeroes, 258, 268 Fulton (D), 161 Funck, German engineer, 511–512, 748 Funding (D), 291 Funding Fjord, Faroes, 291 Fury (RN), 190, 191 fuses, 89, 108n Fyero (UK), 280 Gaasterland (NL), 610 Gainer, D. St C., British Vice-Consul in Norway, 252 Gallia (NL), 650 Gallileo (UK), 593 Gallop, J.W., Lieutenant RNR, 554 Galveston, Texas, 31, 123, 160, 349, 350, 550, 592, 593, 627, 628 Gamle Hellesund, Norway, 668–669 Gamma (NL), 565–566, 568, 569, 574–576 Garry (RN), 71 Garston, Lancashire, 550 gasoline, 149 G.D.Kennedy (S), 491 Geeste (G), 27 Gellhorn, Dr, 328 General Suworow (R), 204 Genoa, Italy, 149, 174, 556, 632 George V, King, 451, 464, 677, 701, 734–735 Germany, Germans, xv, 1–2, 4–5, 13, 17–20, 26, 51, 90, 97, 108, 120–121, 127, 146, 149n, 153, 826 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 826 154, 158, 159, 168, 173n, 174n, 191, 192, 212n, 222, 239–243, 244, 290n, 301, 313, 314, 316, 319, 324, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 348, 375, 377, 379, 388, 403, 405, 408, 419, 427, 432n, 434n, 442, 456, 459–462, 465, 467, 471–472, 473, 488–489, 490, 496, 512, 525, 526, 531, 535, 549, 585, 594n, 613n, 614, 627, 635, 637n, 655n, 671, 700, 716, 737, 738, 746, 771–774, 782, 785; agents of, 214, 326n, 338–338 Gibraltar, 122, 352n, 556, 704, 732n, 772 GIBRALTAR (RN), 26–52, 35–41, 45–53, 55–57; as depot ship at Swarbacks Minn, 166, 168, 183, 206, 210, 217, 220, 221, 223, 293, 308, 340, 397, 404, 683, 708, 771, 777–778 Gildas (UK), 282 Gillarona Ness, Shetland, 60, 167 Giordano, Francesco, 621 Girdleness, Scotland, 318 Gladstone (UK), 561, 563 Glance (N), 218, 237, 290, 589 Glasgow, Scotland, xv, xviii, 96, 119, 120, 148, 172, 205, 233, 271, 275, 279, 283, 324, 368, 468, 556, 656, 733, 763 Glasgow (RN), 173, 457 Glendoon (N), 170, 175 Glenesk (N), 637 Glenlora (N), 174 Gloire (F-N), 601 Gloria (S), 249, 279 Glory (RN), 780 GLOUCESTERSHIRE (RN), 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 415–422, 426, 427–431, 435–436, 438, 439–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 489–496, 504–513, 515–516, 518–522, 523, 526–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 661–667, 674–684, 693–698, 726, 731, 734–738, 745, 756, 769 glycerine, 2 Goathland (UK), 180, 197 Godafoss (D), 261, 375, 432, 439 Godrun, see Gudron Godthaab (D), 260, 262, 637 gold, 2, 599, 600 Got(a)land (S), 156, 226, 249, 251–252 Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden, xv, 38, 45, 91, 123, 126, 134, 150, 157, 161, 235, 241, 265, 276, 282, 284, 288, 293, 327, 330, 332, 349, 360, 365, 376, 377, 378, 405, 465, 469, 479, 492, 494, 535, 563, 577, 592, 594, 625, 687, 704, 732, 753 Gothland (B), 700, 746 Govan, Scotland, 59, 135 GRAFTON (RN), 26–32, 35–41, 44–54, 55–57; paid off, 60, 62–63 grain, grains, 13, 57, 134, 204, 234, 236, 272, 282, 287, 290, 335, 347, 350, 459, 532, 535, 562, 620 granadillo wood, 172 Grand Fleet, 25, 29, 79, 303, 354, 359, 448n, 562, 600, 605, 624, 748, 762, 783 Granfos (N), 677, 688 Grangewood (UK), 214, 215 Grant, A.E.A., Rear-Admiral RN, 28 Grant-Dalton, J.F., Captain RN, 370, 647 graphite, 775n grease, 148n grease cake, 180 Great Ormes Head, N. Wales, 180, 183, 184 Grecian (N), 223 Greece, 13n, 21n, 222 Greenbrier (US), 153 Greene, W. Grahame, Permanent Secretary at the Admiralty, 451 Green Head, Shetland, 264 Greenland, 7, 146, 204, 233, 260, 262, 270, 377, 443, 444, 469, 525, 681 Greenock, Scotland, xviii, 27, 59, 62, 99, 151, 222, 227, 326, 330, 331, 378, 591, 671 Greif (G-N), 313, 328n, 383–389, 391, 393, 407, 583 Grekland (S), 192 Grey, Sir E., Foreign Secretary, 245, 434, 570n Griffith, A.S., Sub-Lieutenant RNVR, 375, 534, 611n Grimsby, Lincolnshire, 186, 733 Grimsby, 113, 255 Grimsey I., Iceland, xvii, 181, 399 Grodno (R), 128 Gronna, Norway, 349 Groome, S.B., Lieutenant RNR, 499 Groundwater, R.G., Lieutenant RNR, 251, 252 Grove Bank, 181 Grumbriggs, Scotland, 45 INDEX 827 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 827 Gruting Voe, Shetland, 177, 208–209, 500 Gudron (N), 156, 280 Gueydon (F-N), 601 Gulf Port, U.S.A., 689 Gullfoss (D), 258, 511, 572 Gunderson and Gjeste Porsgrand, 671 Guri (N), 637 Gurre (D), 204 Gustave Falck (N), 405, 406, 416 Gwladys (UK), 694 Gyldenpris (?), 595 Gyth, Leopold, consignee, 107, 108 Halifax, Nova Scotia, 148, 149, 556, 601, 619, 620, 624, 625, 626, 628, 630, 632, 639, 640, 649, 650, 651, 652, 655, 658, 659, 661, 666, 667, 676, 677, 683, 688, 693, 695, 696, 699, 713, 724, 733, 735, 736, 744, 746, 761, 772, 780 Halingdal (N), 330 Hallfried el Magdalene (N?), 308 Halmstad, Sweden, 295, 443 Halsingborg, Sweden, 149, 335; see also Helsingborg Hamburg, Germany, xv, 39, 91, 107, 123, 152n, 167, 229, 531, 672 Hamburg–America Line, 8, 46n, 326n, 672 Hamburger Nachrichten, 107 Hamilton and Hansell, Consignors, 514 Hammerfest, Norway, 671 Hampton Roads, Virginia, 786 Hans Egede (D), 469, 481n, 681 Hansen, H., consignee, 273 Hansen, J., 333 Hansen, O., consignee, 107 Hansen, O.D., Captain, 671 Hans Jensen (D), 288 Haran I., Norway, 212, 229 Hardanger Fjord, Norway, xvi Hardie, A., Lieutenant RNR, 616 Haried (N), 497–499, 513 Harland and Wolff, 395 Harriet (D), 690, 693, 746 Harris, C.E., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 267 Harris, F.C.P., Lieutenant RNR, 709 Harwich, Suffolk, 78 Harwich Force, 404n Haskier I., Scotland, 582 Haslar hospital, 120 Hatsuse (UK), 549, 552, 557, 558 Haugar (N), 298–299, 324 Haugestol (N), 349 Haugesund, Norway, xvi, 269, 298, 337, 480, 495, 632 Haughton, F.G., Customs Surveyor, 85 Haugland (N), 485, 486n Haunevig, consignee, 214 Haverford (UK), 736 Havila (D), 658, 664 Havornen (N), 520 Havre, France, 556 HAWKE (RN), 25, 26, 35–41, 44–48; sunk, 53–54, 196 Hayward, C.J.L., Midshipman RNR, 273 Heap, T.N., Midshipman RNR, 496, 513 Heaton-Ellis, C.H.B., Lieutenant-Colonel, 638 Hebburn, Northumberland, 35, 37, 38 Hebe (N), 273 Hebrides, Scotland, xv, 3, 11, 67, 78, 88, 157n, 162, 242, 470, 530, 556, 688, 699, 730, 742, 747, 754, 779, 782 Hebrides Patrol, 402, 410, 414, 648 Hector (N), 282 Heim (S), 158, 159, 167 Helens reef, 431 Helge (S), 481 Heligoland I., 267 Heligoland Bight, 223 Heligver, Norway, 249, 251, 253–254 Hellenic (S), 463n, 465 Hellig Olaf (D), 97, 102, 146, 190, 271, 290, 304, 319, 352, 376, 454, 507 Helli Ness, Shetland, 499 Helmer Morch (D), 318 Helmstad, Norway, 303, 318 Helsingborg, Sweden, 235, 255, 327, 595; see also Halsingborg Helsingborg (S), 270, 290, 642, 654–655 Helsingfors, Finland, 422 Henrik (N), 120, 126, 139, 140 Henriksen, of Norwegian–America line, 111 Hercules (N), 317, 527, 534, 611n Herlo (N), 637 Herman Fasch (US), 129 Hermes (N), 613 Hermione (UK), 694 Hero (S), 515 herrings, herring fishery, 258, 269, 272, 298, 469, 481, 482, 483, 490n, 494, 495, 499, 505, 506, 512, 515n, 520n, 522, 523, 525, 759 Herskind, consignee, 108 Hertha (D), 562 Hester, C., Lieutenant RNR, 721 Hiawatha (?), 317 828 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 828 Hidalgo (N-N), 317 hides, 2, 39, 85, 107, 174, 332, 443 Hierars Floin, Iceland, 516 Hilaria (UK), 674 HILARY (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 103, 113, 126–136, 137, 145, 179–193, 212–228, 247, 260–263, 268–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–333, 348–352, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 417–422, 426, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 491–496, 504–513, 518–522, 523, 524–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 576–584, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 656, 679–684, 693–698, 706, 717; sunk, 639, 705, 707–709, 749, 769, 782 HILDEBRAND (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 103, 113, 124–136, 137, 145, 150, 179–193, 211, 212–228, 239, 259–263, 269–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 322, 329–333, 348–352, 361–366, 370, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 419–422, 426, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 525–531, 533–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 618–621, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 679–684, 689–698, 716, 726, 730, 732, 733, 734, 745, 747, 748, 756, 758, 763, 770, 780 Hillhouse (UK), 249 Hill Lake, Shetland, 206 Hillswick, Shetland, 49, 441, 452 Hindustan (RN), 421 Hippalos (N), 370–373 Hiso (N), 279 Hitachi Maru (Japan), 785 Hjalmar (D), 291 Hodd (N), 514 Hoevdi Grund, Foula I., 38 Hoganas, Norway, 674, 686 Hogland (S), 377 Holland, 467, 488–489, 565, 570, 584, 594, 597–598, 664, 668; see also Netherlands Holland (H-N), 664 Holm Sound, 81 Holyhead, Anglesey, 181 Homter, Norway, 162 Honeyman, F.S., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 194 Horn, Hornaes, Iceland, xvii, 543 horses, 261 Hossana (D), 469 Hovland (N), 677 Hoxa Sound, Orkney, 81 Hoy Sound and Island, Orkney, xvii, 50, 81, 743 Hubert (UK), 696 Hudson river, New York, 377 Huelva, Spain, 102, 134 Hull, Yorkshire, 50, 65, 82, 121, 125, 149, 203, 225, 268, 279, 280, 281, 283, 292n, 308, 444, 562, 593, 597, 680 Humphrey, J., Lieutenant RNR, 193 Humphreys, I.G., Commander RN, 711 Hunt, Seaman, 228 Huntspill (UK), 505, 506 Husavik, Iceland, xvii Huso I., Norway, 212, 229 Husobaran, Norway, 232, 249 Hvalsbak, Norway, 302 Hvalsbak Rock, Iceland, 539, 733 Hvidingso, Norway, 162, 284 hydrogen, 470 Hydrographer of the Navy, 504, 546, 551 Hyslop, J.W., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 765 Iberia (S), 282 Ibeza, Spain, 149 ice, 3, 68, 119, 154, 156–157, 162, 181, 185, 187, 192, 214, 394, 398, 406, 432, 439, 440, 444, 451, 609, 665, 679, 689, 695, 699, 731–732 Iceland, xv, xvii, 3, 7, 14–15, 53, 61, 68, 78, 100, 119, 121, 133, 146, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 162, 173, 178, 181, 185, 190, 191, 203, 211, 214, 216, 234, 258, 261, 268, 270, 272, 280, 282, 285, 288, 292, 298, 350, 375, 377, 394, 400, 404, 406, 408, 413, 429, 432, 439, 440, 442, 444, 445, 447, 453, 455, 468, 470, 478, 479, 480, 483, 488, 491, 494, 495, 505, 506, 512, 519, 520, 525, 530, 531, 536, 547, 561, 573–574, 585, 588, 589, 597, 610, 613, 616, 621, 653, 660, 665, 675, 680, 684, 690, 693, 694, 695, 699, 700, 701, 747–748, 761, 762, 772, 773, 784 Ida Adams (RN), 414 Immingham, Linclonshire, 216, 663 Imo (N), 123, 132, 204 Imperia (RN), 414 INDEX 829 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 829 Independent (G-N), 448 Inder (N), 326 India, 601 INDIA (RN), 6, 21, 135, 146, 152–163, 178, 179–193, 194, 211, 212–223, 229–230, 285; sunk, 223–224, 226, 248–254, 278–279, 293, 335 India (S), 757 Indian corn, 121, 123, 133, 173, 235; see also maize Indian Ocean, 586 Indrani (UK), 172–173 Ines (S), 701, 706, 712, 742n inflation, 7–8 influenza, 569–570 Inger Johanne (N), 185 Inglis, H.V., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 164, 346–347 Inistrahull, Ireland, 484 Intelligence Department, 4 Intrepid (RN), 405 Invergordon, Scotland, 38 Inverness, Scotland, 413n, 614 Ione (F), 535 Iparraguire (Spain), 730, 737, 746 Iphigenia (RN), 310 Ireland, xv, xviii, 81, 120, 159, 181, 395, 465, 480, 570, 613, 677, 755, 772 iron, angle bar, 204 Iron Duke (RN), 165 iron ore, 186, 187, 191, 221, 226, 243, 255, 282, 308, 327, 333, 461, 626; see also magnetic ore and ‘ore’ Irtysh (R), 729, 736 Ise Fjord, Iceland, 406 Island (D), 289, 675 Islands Falk (D), 571, 598–599 Islay, Scotland, xviii, 369 Isle of Lewis (RN), 226 Isle of Man, 27, 541, 576, 615, 766 Isodore Point, Russia, 222 Italy, 13n, 21, 460, 532, 587 Ivigtut, Greenland, 233 Ivigtut (D), 204 Ivoreyri (D), 149 Jackson, R.W., Brigadier-General, 571 Jaeger, M., 339 Jan Mayen I., 178, 190, 192, 214 Jansen, seaman, 495 Japan, Japanese, 118, 586, 601–602 Japan (S), 594 Jarl (S), 753 Jeanne d’Arc (F-N), 601 Jellicoe, Admiral RN, 11, 22, 54n, 178, 587n, 607n Jelling (D), 272 Jemtland (S), 330 Jenner, suspected German agent, 214 Jensen, Albert, consignee, 157, 314 Jethou (N), 590 Jiul (Romanian), 477, 529 J.L.Larsen (G), 272 J. Lotz (D), 443 Johannessen, Lieutenant, Norwegian Navy, 254 John (D), 487, 512, 514–515, 522 John Blumer (N), 173, 276, 291 John Boyle (UK), 235 John Newland (RN), see NEWLAND Johnsen, Andrew, Norwegian–America Line agent, 178, 182n, 239, 245, 446 Johnson, A.J., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 656 Jokul (N), 480 Jommsborg (D), 102 Jonas Rein (N), 222 Jones, J.E., Lieutenant RNR, 525, 786 Jones, R.M., Lieutenant RNVR, 311, 339n, 358 Jorslandmoen, Norway, 252 Julianna (D), 129 Juno (N), 504, 505n Jupiter (N), 374 Jupiter (RN), 155 Jutland, battle of, 374 Jutland, southern (Schleswig), 6 Jutlandia (D), 396 Kalliope (?), 712 Kalo (D), 101 Kalundborg (D), 102 Kamenetz-Podolsk (R), 493 Karlshamn, Sweden, 174 Karlsruhe (G), 3n, 46n, 172–173 Karna (?), 713 Kauran Leden, Norway, 255 Keats, Seaman, 254 Kelly, J.M., Lieutenant RNR, 740 Kemball-Cook, B.A., 105 Kemp, T.W., Captain RN, 310 Kennedy, W.G.A., Commander RN, 224n, 248–252, 253, 278–279, 293 Kentucky (D), 287, 399 Kenyon, G.V., Lieutenant RN, 360–361, 380, 492, 664, 668, 675 Kerlo (N), 282 Kerr, D., Greaser, 720 Kessel & Co., Henry A., 672 Kiddle, J., Commander RN, 455 830 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 830 Kiel, Germany, 482n, 549, 648n, 763 Kiel Canal, Germany, 129 KILDONAN CASTLE (RN), 503, 511, 518–522, 525–531, 534–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 585, 590–597, 606, 608n, 612–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 659–667, 679–684, 693–698, 726, 728, 730–731, 734–738, 756 KING ALFRED (RN), 37–40 King Emperor (UK), 121 KING LEAR (RN), 587–589, 624, 628, 642–651, 681, 688–689, 691–698 King Orry (RN), 221, 449 King’s Lynn, Norfolk, 272n, 376n Kingston, Jamaica, 713, 744 Kiow (G), 90; see also Pioneer Kirkland, H., Engineer Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 720–721 Kirkness, Kirknaes, Norway, 154, 186, 249 Kirkwall, Orkney, xvii, 3, 4, 23, 45–46, 53, 55–56, 68, 69, 71–73, 81–82, 83–84, 88–91, 95, 106, 108–110, 112, 121–124, 126, 147, 148–150, 156–157, 171, 174, 235, 242–243, 337, 341–344, 425, 446, 499–501, 623, 648 Kitchener, Lord, 466n kite balloons, 470, 479, 510, 779 Klaksvig, Faeroes, 494 Kleber (F-N), 601 Klosterfos (N), 39 Knauth, Nachod and Kuhue, consignees, 107 Knight, D.A., Surgeon Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 301, 345, 383 Knox, G., Commodore RN, 199 Knut Hamsun (N), 427 Kodan (?), 713 Kong Haakon (N), 151, 315–316 Konsul Schultze (G), 185, 187 Kopur (D(I)), 693 Kordoma (RN), 432 Korea, 52 Kornso (D), 704, 717, 718 Kosmos (N), 439 Krasnoiarsk (R), 306 Kratos (S), 490 Kristiania, Norway, xv, xvi; see also Christiania Kristiania (N), 562 Kristianiafjord (N), 72, 88, 177, 182, 211, 219, 222, 306–307, 311–312, 316, 319–323, 339, 359, 378–379, 409, 422–424, 427–428, 437, 439, 445, 456, 465, 473, 474–475, 478, 561, 593 Kristiansand, Norway, xvi; see also Christiansand Kristiansund, Norway, xvi; see also Christiansund Kronprinsessen Margarethe (N), 85–86, 324n Kronprinsessen Victoria (S), 349–350, 363, 572 Kronprinz Gustaf Adolf (S), 159, 322, 347 Kronprinzessen Cecilie (G), 27, 415n Kroonland (?), 578 Kurland (B), 746, 770 Kvalbo Bay, Faeroes, 513 Kya I., xv, xvi, 162, 185, 228, 260 Kyle of Lochalsh, Scotland, 555 labour troubles, 334, 359, 403; see also boilermakers lacquer goods, 594n Ladas (N), 150 Lambert, C.F., Captain RN, 435 Landanaes, Iceland, 413 Lando Gode I., Norway, 232 Land’s End, 292 Landskonter, Sweden, 279 Landskrona, Sweden, 365, 642, 654 Lang, R., German prisoner, 98 Langanaes, Iceland, xv, xvii, 398, 478, 490, 515, 523, 525, 527, 535, 767 Langfled, Faeroes, 73 Lapland (S), 82, 132 La Plata, Argentina, 665 Lapwing (N), 415–416, 422 lard, 75, 106, 108–110, 142, 148n Largo (RN), 534 Largo Bay, Scotland, 296 Larne, Ireland, 75, 125, 161 Larsen, J.J., 669 Larssen, L.S., Captain, 170–171, 175–176 Larvik, Norway, 505n Lassen, Carl, consignee, 107 lathes, 107 Laura (D), 147, 348; see also Ausable Laurentic (RN), 66, 80, 116, 586, 600, 608 Laurets (D), 235 Laurits (D), 495, 528 lead, 85, 132, 217 Leake Rock, Shetland, 264 Learmonth, F., Captain RN, 167 Leatham, E. la T., Captain RN, 524 INDEX 831 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 831 leather, 122, 128, 150, 303, 324, 377n, 397n Ledaal (N), 272, 300 Ledad os Kasturgas (N), 309 Leelanaw (US), 216 Lehman, consignee, 107 Leif (D), 203 Leif Gunderson (N), 649, 650, 660, 671–673 Leith, Scotland, 100, 121, 224n, 261, 282, 289, 295–296, 308, 504, 526, 534, 538, 550, 556, 655n Lela (Italy), 549, 552, 556 Lena (UK), 81 Leopard (G-N), 645n Lerwick, Shetland, xvi, 4, 23, 28, 30, 31, 43, 44, 48, 49, 56, 57, 58, 84, 100, 120, 121, 161, 178, 185, 195, 209, 221, 231, 233, 238–239, 242–243, 255, 302, 337, 372, 416, 489, 497–499, 509, 523, 533–534, 623, 682, 738–740; defence of, 264 Levin, Harry, consignee, 107 Lewis, L/S RNR, 633–634, 702 Lewis, Scotland, xviii, 78, 131 Liege (B), 659, 661, 683, 689, 736 Lifjeld (D), 696 Light Cruiser Sqn, 1st, 38, 46, 52; 2nd, 100 Lilleborg (D), 649, 650 Lillehammer, Norway, xvi, 252 Lillesand, Norway, 273 Linga I., Shetland, 168 linseed, 56, 112, 180, 243, 276n, 491n, 505n, 509, 603n, 716, 740, 741 Lisbon, Portugal, 373, 432, 693 Lister Fjord, Norway, 566 Little Emma (N), 284 Little Ormes Head, North Wales, 159 Liv (N), 174 Liverpool, Lancashire, xv, 33, 36, 38, 41, 44, 45, 55, 65–75, 69, 74, 77, 80, 82, 86, 91, 94, 99, 115, 119, 124–125, 136, 138, 151–152, 157, 163, 216, 230–231, 276, 281, 297, 309, 315, 326, 327, 328, 333, 334, 393, 541, 723, 766 Liverpool (RN), 47, 100 livestock, 460 Livingstone (D), 288 Llama (US), 130–131, 217, 259 Loch Ewe, Scotland, xviii, 72, 81, 82, 86, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 97, 138, 151, 433, 441, 453, 469, 485, 545, 552, 561, 582, 591, 596, 608, 614, 618, 644, 647, 654, 707, 718, 730, 731, 733, 736, 746, 748, 749, 750, 760, 776, 780 Loch Roag, Scotland, 188; see also West Loch Roag Loch Tarbert, Scotland, 91 Locksley (N), 625 Lodmunder Fjord, Iceland, 499 Lofoten Is, Norway, xv, 162, 264 Logan, C.C., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 370–373 Loke (S), 122 Lokken (N), 263 Lolaire (RN), 190, 191 London (D), 149 London, England, 10, 65, 68, 70, 279, 282, 283, 308, 344, 379, 689 London and Archangel Trading Co., 214 Londonderry, Ireland, 458, 529, 545 Longhope, Orkney, xvii, 104n, 162n, 194, 360, 589, 701, 722 Longman, J., Greaser, 611 Loram, D.S., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 656 Lord Knollys (UK), 82 LORD LANSDOWNE (RN), 405, 693, 732, 758, 770 Lord Lister (RN), 692 Lord Shrewsbury (UK), 494 L.O.Stansland (N), 695 Lough Swilly, Ireland, 82, 509, 519, 563, 582, 591, 592, 608, 616, 697, 749, 753, 757, 760, 782 Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, 173, 287, 330 Lovaine (UK), 234 Lowca, Cumberland, 227 Lowther, Sir H.C., British Minister at Copenhagen, 110, 143, 204n, 212n; see also Copenhagen Lowther Range (UK), 456, 736 Luard, J.S., Commodore RN, 429, 456, 495, 496, 504, 540, 541, 552, 575, 581, 582, 593, 610, 613, 630, 648, 668 Lubeck, Germany, 272 lubricating oil, 149, 150, 271, 288n Luce, M.R., Commodore RN, 457 Ludwig Peyron (S), 148 Lulea Ofoten Coy, 489 lumber, 186n Lundo I., Norway, 154, 157, 160, 161, 162, 232 Lunnon, J., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 711, 712 Lusitania (UK), 9, 157n Lyness, R.B., Lieutenant-Commmander RNR, 720–721 832 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 832 Lyngenfjord (N), 303, 323, 517 Lysander II (RN), 414 Lyttleton, Dr, 282 Maagen (D), 203 Maagen (N), 515 Macedonia (RN), 586, 601–602 Maceio, Brazil, 172–173 McEllweedd, Dr Roy, 427 MacFarlane, W.M.F., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 266–267 McGuinness, R., Stoker RNR, 297 machine blades, 107 machinery, 85, 107, 115, 143, 150, 214, 236, 284, 293, 399, 482 MacIntosh, J. Lieutenant RNR, 489, 522n McKeag, E.L., Midshipman RNR, 230 McKenzie, J., Engineer LieutenantCommander RNR, 721 Mackworth, J.D., Major RFC, 470 MACLEAY (RN), 677–684, 691–698, 754, 758 Maclure, W.M., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 119, 170, 175 Madden, C., Admiral RN, 340 Mafeking (RN), 231, 258 Maggie Bruce (RN), 709 Magic (RN), 233 magnetic ore, 131, 212, 229, 696; see also iron ore and ‘ore’ Magnus (D), 291 mahogany, 505, 628n Mahon, R.F.H.H., Commander RN, 154 Maidens, The, 128, 159, 161 mails, 227, 289, 331, 332, 350, 352, 359, 360, 363, 376, 378, 396, 408, 419, 427, 431, 442, 465, 478, 525, 541, 561, 581, 650, 671, 675, 716–717, 787 Mainland, Orkney, xvii maize, 157, 243, 276n, 407–408, 431, 658, 671, 680, 690, 695; see also Indian corn Malaga, Spain, 157 malaria, 548 Maletta (N), 568 Malin Head, Ireland, 73, 133, 153, 758 Malmland (S), 159, 229 Malmo, Sweden, xv, 107, 148, 152, 159, 172, 180, 223, 235, 241, 288, 290n, 347, 364 Manchester, Lancashire, 215, 234, 326, 327, 766 Manchester Civilian (UK), 45 Mandal, Norway, 653 Mandate (RN), 758 Manningham (S), 542–543 MANTUA (RN), 31, 33n, 35, 43–44, 45, 55, 66, 79, 87–99, 113, 120, 126–136, 137, 143, 145, 174, 179–193, 204, 212–228, 234, 235, 247, 259–263, 268–272, 280, 282, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–333, 348–352, 361–366, 376–380, 392–399, 403–410, 419–422, 423, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 474, 476–488, 492–496, 503, 504–513, 514, 519–522, 523 manure, 460 Maracaibo (D), 292, 304 MARCONI (RN), 677–684, 691–698, 787 Marconi Co., 353–356 Mareichen (R), 149 Maren (D), 192 Margarita (UK), 550 Margesson, V.H.D., Captain RN, 105 Marie (D), 732 Marie Glaesar (G), 27 Marietta (N), 68 Marita (N), 690 Marjoen (N), 603 Marks, L., Private RMLI, 253 Marlborough (RN), 355 Marmora (RN), 586, 600 Marrs, W.R., Captain, 525 Marsalaymir (G), 285 Marseilles, France, 147 Marshall, Sir James, Director of Dockyards, 59 Marshall, Midshipman RNR, 468, 470 Marstal, Denmark, 373 Martopol, Russia, 280 Mary (R), 277, 325 Mary Boyes (D), 700, 712 matches, 192 Maud (N), 423 Maumee (US) 334; see also Djursland and Verhaven May I., Scotland, 296 Mayer, S.N., consignee, 107 measles, 519, 578, 591, 592 meat, 13, 57, 75, 107, 148n, 289, 319, 377n, 460, 665 medals presentations, 417, 421, 566, 611, 614, 699, 732 Mediterranean Sea, 25, 365, 415, 587, 772 Mejillones, Chile, 352 Melbourne (F), 480 INDEX 833 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 833 Melbourne, Australia, 673 Melrakka, Iceland, 188 Mendip Range (UK), 644, 717 Merchants’ Guild, Danish, 14, 408n, 532, 669, 694 Merrider (UK), 279 Merionethshire (UK), 732 Merops (RN), 409n, 701 Mersden, 324 Mersey, River, Lancashire, 75, 76, 136, 194, 212, 315, 348 messing arrangements, 411–413, 483 Meteor (G), 223, 224 Mette (D), 303 Metzler, Gustave, 531 Meux, Sir H., Admiral RN, 26n Mevenklint Is, Iceland, 397 Mexicano (N), 81, 84, 550, 551n, 666 Mexico, 724, 772 M. Hay (D), 653, 662 Michael Sars (N-N), 252 Middlesbrough, Yorkshire, 150, 186, 221, 224, 226, 308, 327, 333, 593, 617 Miles, O.E., Sub-Lieutenant, 68 Milford Haven, Pembroke, 81 milk, 460, 470 milk powder, 350 Millar, F.S., Rear-Admiral RN, 53, 199 Mina Brea (RN), 648 Minch, Minches, The, Scotland, xviii, 90, 159, 180, 328, 369, 448, 509, 571, 619, 957 mineral oil, 130 minerals, 160, 180 mines, minefields, 2, 9, 36, 39, 87, 94, 95, 99, 100–101, 111, 128, 160, 161, 222, 280, 285, 307, 391, 395, 432, 456, 478, 483, 484, 494, 539, 541, 565, 571, 596, 608n, 613, 614, 618, 638, 644, 653, 666, 696, 698, 729, 747, 761, 770; mine barrage, 565, 566, 723; mine layers, 91, 136, 415; mine sweeping, 566, 578–579, 643 Mingrelie (F), 507, 508, 547–548 mining machinery, 775n Minos (G), 404 Minotaur (RN), 315, 571, 775–776, 780, 783, 785, 787 Minsk (D), 272 Miramichi, New Brunswick, 150 Mizzen Head, Ireland, 184 Mjolnir (D), 71 Mobile, Alabama, 100 Moewe (G), 20–21, 388, 404n, 425, 448, 468, 495, 567n, 594n, 645n, 648n mohair, 377n Mohn, J.T., Captain, 557 MOLDAVIA (RN), 376–380, 393–400, 403–410, 415–422, 423, 427–431, 439–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 491–496, 504–513, 518–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 618–621, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 656–667, 679–684, 693–698, 701, 704, 726, 731, 734–738, 745, 756, 769, 782 Moller, A.P., consignors, 617, 688, 702 Monach (also Monarch) I., Scotland, xviii, 71, 82, 634 Montcalm (F-N), 601 Monte Video, Uruguay, 361, 550 Montreal, Canada, 173, 736 Montrose, Scotland, 296 Moo Ness, Shetland, 167 Moore, G., A/B RFR, 401 Moray Firth, Scotland, xv, 224n Morene (US), 403 Morning (UK), 333–334 Morning Post, 358 Morocco, 161, 365 Morris, consignee, 108 Morris, W/T operator, 751 Morrison, H., Surgeon Sub-Lieutenant, 477 Mortimer, R.J., Lieutenant RNR, 440 MOTAGUA (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 100–102, 113, 122, 123, 126–136, 137, 146, 179–193, 211, 212–228, 259–263, 268–272, 284–292, 301, 304–308, 315–320, 329–334, 344, 347–352, 355, 361–366, 376–380, 393–400, 403–410, 416–422, 427–431, 438, 441–444, 449n, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 516–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 589–597, 606, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 639, 640–654, 661–667, 674–684, 693–698, 726, 733–738, 745, 756 motor-car parts, 120, 126, 217 motor cars, 150, 293, 309, 453 Moville, Ireland, 422 Muckle Flugga, Shetland, xvi, 28, 32, 34, 39, 43, 44, 48, 49–53, 91, 93, 94, 834 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 834 123, 132, 151, 159, 180, 221, 222, 254–255, 269, 295, 299, 307, 318, 321, 337, 344, 347, 370, 399, 403, 408, 416, 417, 423, 425, 441, 447–448, 458, 466, 497, 539, 571, 573, 597 Muckle Roe I., Shetland, 217 Mull, Scotland, xviii, 369 Mull Head, Orkney, xvii, 500–501 Mull of Cantire (Kintyre) Scotland, xviii, 26, 131, 159 Muller Schall, 107 munitions, 204, 271, 398, 453 Munitions, Ministry of, 596n Munken Light, 236 Munster (RN), 385, 386 Murmansk, Russia, 42n, 780; see also Alexandrovsk Murray, O., Assistant Secretary, Admiralty, 434 music, musicians, 276 Muskogee (US), 335, 496–497, 514; see also Triton Musselcrag (N), 550, 552, 560, 561, 562 mutiny, 406–407, 411, 413, 522n Myggenoes, Faeroes, 72, 73, 96, 295, 413, 486 Myrtle (UK), 506 Nab, The, Shetland, 303 Naiad (RN), 37 Najade (N), 628, 682 Nalder, A.M., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 765–766 Namdal (N), 491 naphtha, 379n, 403n Narvick (S), 191, 194 Narvik, Norway, 82, 131, 156, 157, 159, 162, 186, 187, 192, 212, 221, 224, 226, 229, 230, 232, 251–252, 254, 326, 327, 333, 517, 617, 640, 696 Nascopie (R), 465 Natal (F), 484 National Physical Laboratory, 212, 356 Navahoe (US), 96 navicerts, 15–16, 21, 447, 463, 465n, 503, 507n, 592n, 639, 691n Naze, The, Norway, xv, 372 Nears, A., A/B RFR, 401 Needwood (UK), 28 Nellie Bruce (UK), 539, 541, 544, 545, 571 Nelson, C.W., Engineer LieutenantCommander RNR, 251 Neptunian (UK), 121 Ness of Sound Light, Shetland, 373 Nessus (RN), 719–722 Netherlands, 5–6, 12, 14, 17, 30, 172n, 240–243, 248; see also Holland Netherlands Overseas Trust, 14, 15, 172n, 282n, 430n, 575, 584, 668 Neuenfels (G), 126; see also Forsvick New Brunswick, 376 Newcastle-on-Tyne, Northumberland, 41, 100, 151, 173, 204, 223, 280, 313, 338, 345, 363, 367, 373, 374 Newfoundland, 147, 204. 346, 450, 554 New Guinea, 97 NEWLAND (RN), 224, 227, 231, 249, 260–263, 269–272, 283, 284–292, 315–320, 329–333 New Orleans, Louisiana, 123, 203, 490, 680, 693 New Orleans Export Co. Ltd, 669 Newport, Monmouth, 123, 279, 556 Newport News, Virginia, 150, 186, 282, 291, 619, 620, 631, 674 Newstead (UK), 641, 645 New Sweden (S), 352 New York, New York, 30, 53, 71, 89, 90, 97, 100, 106, 110–111, 120, 123, 129, 132, 148, 150, 153, 155, 160, 162, 163n, 174, 180, 181, 183, 184, 190, 214, 215, 217, 218, 221, 222, 237, 259, 265, 270, 271, 272, 277, 284, 287, 288, 290, 292, 293, 300, 305, 306, 309, 311, 314, 317, 319, 326n, 327, 329, 330, 332, 334, 335, 338–339, 351, 352, 376, 377, 378, 379, 391, 396, 399, 405, 407, 408, 409, 419, 422, 429, 430, 431, 439, 442, 444, 454, 455, 464, 465, 482, 492, 493, 505, 507, 525, 526, 527, 535, 540, 545, 553, 554, 562, 563, 574, 575, 576, 581, 593, 621, 626, 627, 630, 642, 649, 651, 654, 663, 673, 676, 683, 695, 696, 716 New York (NL), 430 New Zealand, 118 Nicator (RN), 758 nickel, 20, 149n, 150, 162, 311–312, 330, 363, 403, 482n Nigg, Scotland, 285 nitrate, 122, 123n, 143, 397n, 596n, 673 nitre, 128, 590 nitrogen, 460 Noble (RN), 719–722 Noordijk (NL), 651 Nordanes (N), 432 INDEX 835 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 835 Norddreich, 356 Norden (D), 595 Nordenfeldske Coy, 759 Nord Fjord, Norway, xvi, 30 Nordkyn (N), 173 Nordland (S), 157, 158n Nordsee (N), 48–49 Nore, 587n Norfolk, Virginia, 96, 350, 628 Norresundby, Sweden, 102, 265, 330 Norrkoping, Sweden, 100, 318 Norseman (US), 553 Norsk Hydro Electrisk Kvaelstaf Co., 141; see also Norwegian Hydro Co. Norske Kabel Traadfabriker Valsevarkar, 85 Norsted IV (N), 648 North Atlantic, 3, 25, 503, 723, 730 North Cape, Iceland, xvii, 397, 398, 439, 456, 464, 610, 699; see also Cape North North Cape, Norway, 258, 264, 315, 316, 524 North Channel, 82, 134, 408, 409, 416, 624, 681 Northern Barrage, 723 northern lights, 276, 282 Northern Patrol, composition of, 2–3, 116, 119, 135, 725, 744–745, 753, 756, 762, 771, 775–776, 778–779; patrol lines, 3, 21, 33–34, 77–78, 126, 133, 302, 394, 401, 419–420, 440, 447–448, 452, 458–459, 462, 487–488, 504, 542, 569, 573–574, 616, 624, 630–631, 640, 652, 665, 699, 703, 715, 729, 745, 761, 766–767; end of, 639, 723–726, 727, 775–776; proposed reinforcement of, 585–587, 599–602; summary reports on, 267–268, 293n, 283, 631, 715–716, 781–782; trawler patrol, 231–232, 259, 414, 421, 441, 445, 503, 531–532, 555–556, 623, 640, 664–665, 703, 782–783 North Rona, Shetland, xv, 122, 215, 307, 370, 624, 706, 746, 751 North Ronaldshay, Orkney, xvii, 78, 344, 500 North Sea, xv, 2–3, 25, 51, 59, 241, 518, 566, 585, 656, 700 North Shields, Durham, 181n, 545 Norueca (N), 31 Noruega (N), 186 Norway, xvi, 3, 5–6, 12, 69, 75, 78, 85, 108, 112, 135, 142, 143, 159, 163n, 184, 187, 237, 240–243, 248, 258, 264, 313, 336, 375, 381, 446, 461, 468n, 475, 488, 526, 527, 532–533, 534, 547, 554, 637n, 704 Norwegian–America Line, 89, 111, 239–240, 245, 314, 323, 339–340, 358, 390, 426, 431, 434, 437, 445–446, 450, 472–473, 465, 478, 489 Norwegian Hydro Co., 139; see also Norsk Hydro Electrisk Kvaelstaf Co. Norwegian Sea, xvi Noss Head, Shetland, 318 Nottingham (RN), 45 Noup Head, Orkney, xvii, 58, 299, 570, 623 Nyborg, Denmark, 58, 647 Nykjobing, Sweden, 370, 407 Nymph (RN), 513 oats, 149n, 397n Oban, Scotland, xviii, 530, 532, 534, 545, 556, 560, 570, 588, 638, 647, 659, 664, 687, 754, 758, 779 Obj (N), 696; see also Lifjeld OCEANIC (RN), 35, 37, 42–43; wrecked, 38, 104 Ocean Queen (UK), 221 Odense, Denmark, 121, 373, 649, 669, 682, 694 Oeefiord, Iceland, 480 Ofelia (D), 391, 304, 323 OFFA II (RN), 679–684, 735, 747, 787 Ogeechee (US), 132 oil, oils, 13, 20, 56, 108n, 132, 149, 152, 155, 243, 284, 288, 303, 330, 335n, 376, 403, 444, 469, 486, 514, 520, 527, 739 oil cake, 58, 122, 123, 124, 142, 147, 160, 204, 315, 332, 352, 373, 379, 428, 460, 505, 647, 661, 685, 691 Oiler No. 4 (RN), 95 Oiler No. 169 (RN), 678 Olaf Kyrre (N), 173, 319; see also Flora Olav (N), 90, 106, 112; see also Veetdal Older (N), 549–552, 556–560, 561, 583, 616 Oldham, A.N., Captain RN, 777 Oleo oil, 148n Olga (S), 224, 592, 593 Olivebank (N), 689, 690 olive oil, 157 Oliver, H.F., Admiral RN, 8, 118, 277n, 380n 836 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 836 Olivia (N), 434, 451, 583 Ollivier, J., PO French Navy, 615 Olna Firth, Shetland, 51, 53, 145, 167–168, 183, 206, 273, 348, 405, 778 Olsen, B., 669 Olsen, J., British Vice-Consul in Iceland, 469, 476, 483, 508n, 522, 747, 759 Olssen, G. August, charterer, 654 Olympia (Greece), 271 Ommundsen, Captain, 622 Oostdijk (NL), 651 Ophir II (RN), 316, 586, 600 Opland (N), 628 Orama (RN), 586, 601–602 Orbita (RN), 586 ORCOMA (RN), 135, 146, 151–163, 179–193, 194, 212–228, 247, 258–263, 268–272, 284–292, 304–308, 309, 314–320, 329–334, 347–352, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 416–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 490–496, 518–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608, 612–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 661–667, 679–684, 692–698, 700, 706, 726, 731, 733–738, 742n, 756, 761–762, 774, 780 Orders-in-Council, 1, 3–5, 13, 14n, 178, 241n, 244, 461, 472, 473, 504, 513 ‘ore’, 154, 156, 157, 159, 192, 224, 517; see also iron ore and magnetic ore Orkney Is, Scotland, xv, xvii, 3, 22, 27, 39, 51, 83, 216, 220, 242, 265–266, 315, 466n, 509, 556, 585 Orkney trawler patrol, 414 Orion (S), 285 Orlando (S), 219, 237–238, 239 Ormes Head, North Wales, 161 OROPESA (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 102, 114, 116, 126–136, 137, 146, 170, 175, 179–193, 212–228, 259–263, 269–272, 273, 275, 284–292, 304–308, 310, 315–320, 326, 329n, 348, 355; see also Champagne OROTAVA (RN), 65–75, 80, 82, 87–99, 102, 114, 116, 117–118, 123, 126–136, 137, 146, 152–163, 179–193, 212–228, 259–263, 268–272, 284–292, 304–308, 310–311, 315–320, 328–335, 337, 347–352, 360–366, 368–369, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 414, 419–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 490–496, 503, 514, 518–522, 523, 526–531, 535–541, 586, 600, 726, 730 ORVIETO (RN), 415, 447, 482–488, 491–496, 504–513, 518–522, 526–531, 535–541, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 619–621, 625–631, 640–654, 655, 658–667, 677–684, 689–698, 705, 707, 716, 733–738, 756, 757, 767, 768, 771, 778, 780, 781, 783, 785, 786 Oscar II (D), 89, 106, 122, 156, 183, 221, 269, 292, 379, 419, 442, 525, 589 Oscar II (N), 329–330 Oscar II (S), 189–191 Oscar Frederik (S), 134 Osflos, Iceland, 516 Ossa Skerry, Shetland, 55 Ost (N), 505, 508 Osterhorn, Iceland, 153 Oswego (UK), 593 Otranto (RN), 586 Otta (B), 347, 659, 662 Ottawa (S), 98 Otterstad (N), 155 OTWAY (RN), 65–75, 79, 87–99, 113, 126–136, 137, 145, 179–193, 212–228, 247, 260–263, 268–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–333, 338, 347–352, 354, 357, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 417–422, 426–431, 441–444, 448–449, 451–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 526–531, 535–541, 557, 561–564, 567–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 660–667, 674–684, 687, 693–698, 726, 729, 734–738; sunk, 746, 748, 750–752, 769, 782 Out Skerries, Shetland, xvi, 34, 97, 371, 416 Oversay I., Scotland, 125 Ovidia (S), 318 Owaloff, Leon, & Co., consignee, 188 Oxne Light, Shetland, 500 Oxo Light, Norway, 372 Pacific (D), 269 INDEX 837 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 837 Pacific Ocean, 586, 601 Page, J.F., Surgeon Lieutenant, 752 Paine, G.M., Commodore RN, 702 Pallas (G), 188–189, 193–194, 228 palm cake, 432 Pampa (D), 455, 476n Panama, 21n, 579 Panama (D), 579, 772n Panama Canal, 122, 150, 203, 265 Papa Little I., Shetland, 60, 167, 217 Papa Westray I., Orkney, 299 paraffin, 270 paravanes, 513 Parnell, H.S., Sub-Lieutenant RNVR, 751 Passages, Spain, 732, 753 Pass of Balmaha (US), 102, 226, 265, 267, 501; see also Seeadler PATIA (RN), 23, 64–75, 80, 81–83, 86–99, 99–102, 120–124, 124–136, 137, 179–193, 202–203, 212–228, 235–236, 260–266, 269–272, 273–275, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–333, 345, 347–352, 360–366, 376–380, 383, 392–400, 403–410, 419–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 490–496, 504–513, 516–522, 534–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 658–667, 675–684, 690–698, 701, 726, 732, 734–738, 754, 767, 769, 770, 780 Patria (N), 545–549, 560 PATUCA (RN), 65–75, 80, 87–99, 102, 123, 126–136, 137, 175, 179–193, 211, 212–228, 234, 241, 259–263, 269–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 321, 328–333, 347–352, 361–366, 375–380, 393–400, 403–410, 419–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 457, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 524–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 620, 624–631, 632, 636, 641–654, 659–667, 677–684, 685, 693–698, 705–706, 726, 730, 733–738, 761, 762, 768, 769, 770, 774 pay, naval, 245, 259, 294, 381–382, 390, 401, 411–413, 435, 771 Peace Commission, 329n, 330 Pearce, C.A., Midshipman RNR, 273 Pearleaf (UK), 758 Pedro Christopherson (S), 203, 205, 484 Peel, Isle of Man, 766 Pelican (RN), 781 pencils, 172 Pennsylvania, 303 Pensacola, Florida, 149 Pentland Firth, xv, xvii, 36, 77, 159, 179, 221, 237, 285, 341–344, 402, 426, 448, 589 Pentland Skerries, 36, 81 Percival, H., Lieutenant RNR, 516 Pericles (UK), 268 Perim I., 166 Perm (N), 318 Pernambuco, Brazil, 173n Perngland (D), 603 Peru, 772n Pestalozzi (N), 422, 428, 457–458, 583 Peterborough (RN), 500–501 Peter Jobson (N), 204 Petersen, Captain, 617 Petit, Lieutenant, French Navy, 685–686 Petrograd, Russia, 163, 192n petrol, petroleum, 91, 93n, 120, 123n, 149, 174, 234, 235, 286, 290, 318, 335, 379, 403, 430n, 496, 675 petroleum coke, 439 Petrolite (US), 155 Pet Shora, Russia, 215 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 121, 149, 191, 235, 265, 271, 285, 303, 318, 379, 403, 497, 517, 626, 640, 650, 678, 696 Phillimore, R.F., Rear Admiral RN, 571 Phillimore, V., Captain RN, 29–30 Phillips, F.T., Lieutenant Colonel RMLI, 416, 441, 442, 452 Phillips, H., Lieutenant Commander RNR, 363 Phillys (S), 279 Phoebe (UK), 173, 453 phosphate, 172, 290, 460 pig-lead, 85 Pine, Constructor, 59 Pingu, Russia, 277 Pioneer (US), 90–91, 150, 541, 552n Pisagua, Chile, 590 pit props, 327 Plassy (RN), 60 Platuria (US), 174, 235, 286, 396 Plover (RN), 190 Plutos (RN), 280 Plymouth, Devon, 26 838 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 838 pneumonia, 626 poison gas, 172n Poland, 17 Polarine (US), 286, 303, 323, 341–344, 376, 425–426, 552n, 625 Polarstjernen (N), 627 Polcirkeln or Polirken (S), 186, 193 Poldhu, Cornwall, 277, 281, 282, 563, 570 Polen (N), 519 Pollux (NL), 289, 301 ponies, 258 Poplar, 470 Port Arthur, Texas, 270, 273, 352, 648 Port Erin, Isle of Man, 766 Portland, Iceland, xv, xvii, 263, 442, 443, 445, 531, 536, 688 Portland, USA, 478, 625, 761 Portrush, Ireland, 73 Portsmouth, Hampshire, 26, 166, 280, 347, 394, 471, 507, 647, 677 Port Talbot, Glamorgam, 327 Portugal, 21n, 532, 772 Potsdam (NL), 330 Pottinger, A., L/S, 401 Potts, J.H., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 344 Powhatan (RN), 664 Poyntz Castle (RN), 228 Pratt-Barlow, B.A., Captain RN, 54n precious stones, 482 Priest, R.L., Midshipman RNR, 610 Prince Charles (UK), 226n Prince Freidrich Wilhelm (G), 27, 45 Princess (RN), 414, 442, 443, 586, 602 Princess Juliana (UK), 219, 237 Prior, PO R.N., 253 prisoners-of-war, British, 428, 583, 594n, 610, 650, 782; German, 70–71, 73, 164, 272, 305, 386–387, 496, 549, 558, 561, 583–584, 614 Prize Court, 5, 13, 27n, 49n, 56n, 75, 131n, 139, 146n, 149n, 150n, 159nn, 174n, 186n, 204n, 212n, 221n, 224n, 246, 287n, 288n, 290n, 292n, 302, 305n, 323–324, 327n, 330n, 350n, 377n, 399n, 405n, 416, 430n, 450, 468n, 515n, 570n, 594n, 637, 655n, 775n prize crews, instructions to, 140, 169, 175, 194–195, 198–202, 205, 208, 225, 623 Proefneming (NL), 704 Prometheus (G), see Cushing Prosper II (N), 49 Proven (D), 693 Punta Delgado, Azores, 150 Purey-Cust, H.E., Captain RNR, 228 pyrites, 134, 255, 461 ‘Q’ ship, 224n, 409n, 565, 587–589, 599, 754 quebracho wood, 224, 243, 332, 337, 363 Queen Adelaide (UK), 717 Queen Elizabeth (RN), 734 Queen of Scots (N), 700, 704, 712, 713–715 Queensferry, Scotland, 36 Queenstown, Ireland, 47–48, 50–51, 68, 184, 334, 547, 613n Quernmore (UK), 733 Quernslad (N), 315 Rabat, Morocco, 74 Rachman, S., 672 Raffel, Herman, consignee, 85 Ragnhild (D), 270, 608 Rago (G), see Vinland railway materials, 527 Rainbow (UK), 283 Ran (S), 121 Randell, J., Lieutenant RNR, 178, 194, 520, 522, 540, 564, 634n, 783 Randers, Denmark, 613 Ranenfjord (N), 630 Ranulf Hansen (N), 77 Rapidan (US), 274–275 Rathlin I., Ireland, xviii, 125, 153, 159, 181, 318, 328, 647, 653, 749, 763, 781 ‘rationing’, 13 Ravenstone (UK), 280 Reddings, G.F., L/S RNR, 560 Redfearn, C., Midshipman RNR, 714–715 Rees, Sir J.D., 559 Regent (UK), 786 Regulus (S), 775 Reid, J., L/S RNR, 744 Relentless (RN), 722 Rena (N), 384, 386 Renown (RN), 562 resin, 243, 376 Revsnes, Iceland, 185, 406, 407, 767 Reykjanaes, Iceland, xvii Reykjavik, Iceland, xv, xvii, 154, 212, 213, 214, 220, 224, 258, 261, 289, 334, 350, 395, 399, 400, 405, 428, 444, 454, 455, 456, 468, 469, 476, 479, 506, 507, 511, 520, 528, 539, 545, 547, 549, 562, 567, 596, 608, 621, 626, 627, 632, 662, 674, 686, 689, 747, 757, 758, 763, 768, 775, 780, 787 INDEX 839 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 839 Ribton, R.H., Engineer Sub-Lieutenant, RNR, 777 rice, 126, 139 rifles, 181, 291 Rijndam (NL), 700 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 316, 329, 347, 350, 384, 773 Rio de Janeiro (D), 174, 180 Rio Negro (G), 3n Ripa (N), 281, 324 Rise (D), 704 Ritson, E.I.A., Midshipman RNR, 337 Rivadesella, 272 River Plate, 457, 620 Rivers, E.E., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 709 Riverton (UK), 680 Riviera (RN), 702 Rjukan (D), 491 ‘Ro’ (N), 629–632 Roanoke (UK), 754 ROBERT SMITH (RN), 269–272, 277, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–334, 347–352, 442–444, 445, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 489–496, 504–513, 515–516, 518–522, 526–531, 532, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 637, 641–654, 659–667, 679–684, 693–698, 737, 747, 782 Roberts, C.H., Private RMLI, 743, 744 Robinia (UK), 258, 268 Rockall Banks, 235, 486, 532, 779 Rockall I., xv, 160, 319, 423, 432, 458, 468, 496, 503, 504, 506, 534, 536, 540, 570, 597, 613, 616, 640, 757 Rockingham (US), 696 Rodfaxe (D), 76–77 Rodo I., Norway, 255 roe, 162 Roedean (RN), 104 Rolf (D), 49, 646 Romania, Roumania, 17, 21, 477, 484, 630 Romanoff, Russia, 677 Romsdal (N), 128–129 Romsdalfjord (N), 128–129, 139, 282, 291, 408 Rona, The, Shetland, 167 Rondo I., Norway, 367 Rorqual (RN), 746, 751 Rosa (RN), 231 Rosario, Argentina, 487 Rosborg (D), 612, 616 Roscommon (UK), 757 Roseleaf (UK), 691 Rosenhjem (D), 627 rosin, 84, 148n, 192n Roskva (N), 327 Rosoman, R., Lieutenant RN, 53–54 Rosyth, Scotland, 35, 37, 40, 206 Rotterdam, Netherlands, 107, 123n, 131, 154, 156, 157, 159, 172, 221, 255, 282n, 339, 407, 430, 431, 478, 487, 537, 625, 650, 651, 659, 675, 677, 683, 700, 730, 733, 746 Roumanie (UK), 359 Round, H.J., Lieutenant, 356 Rousay, Orkney, xvii Rowe, C.P.O., RN, 228 Roxen (S), 468–469 ROYAL ARTHUR (RN), 26–32, 35–41, 45–47, 55–60; paid off, 60, 62–63 Royal Scot (RN), 73, 188–191 Royds, C.W.R., Captain RN, 194, 199 rubber, 2, 20, 53, 63, 85, 160, 331, 338–339, 340, 359, 490 Rubervoidwerke, 107 Rubonia (R), 214, 216n Rufisque, West Africa, 675 Rugen I., Germany, xv, 47 rum, 266, 505 RUSHCOE (RN), 226, 255, 269–272, 277, 283, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 325, 329–333, 442–444, 445, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 489–496, 504–513, 518–522, 526–531, 532, 534–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 608–616, 619–621, 624–631, 634–635, 641–654, 670–671, 679–684, 689–698, 702, 737, 783, 787 Russ (D), 181 Russell (UK), 46, 48–49, 308 Russia, Russians, 6, 15, 17, 36, 42, 163n, 175, 204, 248, 264, 292, 348, 459, 480, 738, 772; Russian troops, 508, 512, 535, 539, 680 Rust I., Norway, 188 Rustingdon (UK), 506 Rutherglen (UK), 283 Ryan, A/B RNVR, 765 rye, 56, 121n, 291, 303, 315, 505n Ryvingen Light, Norway, 372 Saga (UK), 504 Sagoland (S), 365 Sagonite (RN), 534 840 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 840 St Andrew (S), 235 St Croix, West Indies, 505n St David’s Head, Pembroke, 182 ST DEN(N)IS (RN), 694 St John, New Brunswick, 174 St Kilda, xv, 3, 69, 71, 74, 87, 88, 93, 94, 96, 97, 101, 126, 130, 131, 145, 152, 153, 180, 181, 183, 185, 218, 219, 259, 276, 302, 309, 331, 432, 442, 487, 494, 496, 534, 536, 540, 542, 570, 573, 589, 594, 598, 618, 623, 624, 647, 663, 666, 686, 702, 730, 779 St Magnus Bay, Shetland, xvi, 28, 441, 452, 566, 578, 610, 627, 632, 634, 638, 640, 644 St Thomas, West Indies, 568, 590 salt, 122, 149, 324, 455–456, 479, 480, 481, 482, 486, 490, 523, 532, 567, 595n, 624n, 646, 653, 683, 690, 692–693, 704, 706, 718n, 772, 775n salt cod, 479 Salter, H., L/S RNR, 457 saltpetre, 352 Salvador, Brazil, 150, 158 Sami (D), 265–266 Samland (B), 730 Samuelson, J., 669 Sandesfjord, Norway, 149 Sandnaes, Norway, 123 Sando I., Faeroes, 437 Sandvik, Iceland, 758 Sandy Hook, New York, 650, 730, 746 San Francisco, California, 122, 303 San Francisco (?), 552 San Nicolas, Argentina, 235 San Mileto (UK), 696 Santa Cruz, 627 Santa Fe, Argentina, 224, 422, 457 Santander, Spain, 567, 730 Santiago (US), 106–107 San Tirso (UK), 548, 550, 551, 560–561, 563 Santo Domingo, 158n, 168; see also Dominican Republic Santos, Brazil, 364, 429 Sappho (N), 281 Sappho (RN), 40–41, 183, 217 Sarah Alice (RN), 170–171 Sarah Jolliffe (UK), 551–552, 560, 563–564 Sarpedon (RN), 709 Sarpfos (N), 545 Sasebo (RN), 555 Satellite (RN), 339 Savannah, Georgia, 100, 171 SAXON (RN), 224, 226, 231, 249, 251–252, 253, 260–263, 279, 280, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 325, 326, 329–333, 429, 439, 442–444, 445, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 489–496, 504–513, 519–522, 526–531, 532, 535–541, 544–553, 560–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 608–616, 619–621, 625–631, 641–654, 661–667, 679–684, 692–698, 701, 706, 748, 754 Saxon Prince (UK), 495 Scandinavia, 5–8, 107, 140, 168, 178, 181, 186n, 690, 693, 701, 713, 724, 745, 772 Scandinavia (S), 157, 158n Scapa Flow, Orkney, xvii, 26, 27, 29 – 32, 35, 36, 38, 41, 45, 47, 50, 53, 57–59, 67, 81, 89, 92, 97, 129, 183, 191, 213, 314–315, 534, 569, 579–580, 611, 621, 730, 734, 761, 775, 776, 785 Schleswig, 6 Schmidt, German prisoner, 98 Schmidt, of Archangel, consignee, 216 Scotland, xv, xvii, 784 Scott, F., Signalman, 68 Scott-Stokes, F.J., Midshipman RNR, 495 scrap iron, 174 Sea Connet (US), 181 Seal, W.N., Midshipman RNR, 523 Seal Skerry, Orkney, 799 sealskins, 260 seaplane carrier, 639, 701–702, 707, 719 seaplanes, 32, 260, 707 Seaward, A., Seaman RNR, 297 Secret Service, 10 Seeadler (G), 226n; see also Pass of Balmaha Segovia (N), 620–621 Seidisfjord, Iceland, xvii, 213, 220, 301, 406, 468, 512, 516, 539, 543, 688, 787 Sele (N), 515–516, 522 Selene (NL), 421 Seoul, Korea, 53 Serbia, 21 Setubal, Portugal, 324, 595, 624, 693 Shannon (RN), 546, 566, 648, 780, 784, 785, 787 Shaw, Dr John, Surgeon Lieutenant RNR, 147, 257, 346 INDEX 841 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 841 sheepskins, 289 Shetland, xv, xvi, 3, 22, 23, 32, 51, 55, 58, 67, 69, 78, 116, 131, 132, 151, 158, 166, 209, 214, 220, 242, 310, 325, 498, 531; defence of, 29, 32, 35; life in, 257, 280–281 Shotton, H., Lieutenant RNR, 543 Shute, L/S., 516 Sibir (R), 280 Sicilia (R), 297 sickness, 120, 236 Sidney, W.H., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 257 Sierra Leone, 600, 744, 780 Sierra Miranda (N), 786–787 Sif (N), 351 Siglufiord, Siglefiord, Iceland, xvii, 469, 476, 481, 482, 490, 494, 495, 508n, 511, 522, 748 Signal (S), 149 Signe (N), 180 Signe (S), 316 Sigrid (S), 284 Sigurd (N), 123 Siljestad (N), 148 silk, 350 silver, 2, 482n, 528n Silvio (UK), 308 Simeons, C., PO RFR, 721 Simon’s Town, South Africa, 602 Sims, W.S., Admiral USN, 727 Singer, M. Rear-Admiral RN, 618, 677, 679–680, 681, 698, 768, 771, 775 Sinsen (N), 404 Sir Ernest Cassel (S), 131 Sirius (N), 192 SITVEL (RN), 694, 787 Sjoloran (D), 757 Skagerack, xvi, 315 Skandia (D), 161 Skandsness, Norway, 308 Skerry of Ness, Orkney, 50 Skerryvore, Scotland, xviii, 75, 125, 159, 409, 478, 570, 571, 638 skins, 406, 469, 520 Skirner (D), 624 Skjaergehaven, Norway, 374 Skoglund (N), 287, 640 Skomvaer, Norway, 188, 307, 349 Skomvaer (N), 332, 337–338, 361 Skopen Fjord, Faeroes, 316 Skuofjord, Faeroes, 494 Skye, Scotland, xviii Slavonik (R), 547, 549, 553 Slayter, W.J., Captain RN, 42 sleepers, 280 smallpox, 215, 593 Smiles, S.H., Lieutenant RNR, 266, 713 Smith, A., Captain, 333 Smith, B.A., Commander RN, 416, 452, 481, 534, 682 Smith, F.E., physicist, 212, 356 Smith, H.H., Captain RN, 397, 453, 628–629, 683 Smith, T., Lieutenant RNR, 516 Smith, Sub-Lieutenant, 440 Smyth, A.H., Commander RN, 320–322, 453, 615 Sneltoppen (N), 545 Sneppe (N), 333 Sogne (Noen) Fjord, Norway, xvi, 39, 381 Sokoto (N), 123, 592 Solen I., Norway, 374 Solve (S), 429 Som (N), 149 Songa (N), 235, 402 Songelv (N), 306 Sophie (N), 50 Sorfararen (N), 56, 172, 205 Sound, The, 152, 174n, 290n Sound of Mull, 619, 638 South Africa, 599 South America, 46, 184, 586, 727, 772 Southend, 214 South Rock, 125 South Ronaldsay, Orkney, xvii South Shields, Durham, 249, 280, 376 soya, 594n Spain, 147, 456, 532, 608, 772 Speedwell (US), 490 sperm oil, 260 ‘Spero’, 70; see Baron Hans Adam von Wedel Spiero, Joseph, consignee, 107 Spigerborg (D), 134 Spitzbergen, 178, 213 Sprightly (RN), 441, 442, 451 Springbank (N), 216, 225 Spring-Rice, Sir Cecil, British Ambassador in Washington, 75 Staalbierg Huk, Iceland, 395, 397, 398, 608, 776, 787 Stadlandet, Norway, 186, 232, 261, 317 STALWART (RN), 693, 730, 787 Standard Oil Co., 8, 91, 93n, 130n, 155, 174n, 246n, 303, 323, 341, 425 Stanley, L., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 366 Stanley, N.L., Captain RN, 489, 515 Stanton Bank, 161 Star of Peace (UK), 214 842 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 842 Start Point, Orkney, 500 Startin, Commander RNR, 56, 57 Staunch (RN), 190, 191 Staut (N), 149 Stavanger, Norway, xvi, 123, 141, 282, 291, 303, 309, 337–338, 495, 531, 637n steel, 108n, 180, 507n Stellina (UK), 529 Steotstad (N), 224 Stephan, P.K.Y.M., PO French Navy, 615 Sterling (D), 212 Sterling (UK), 373 Stettin, Germany, xv, 212, 229, 531 Stevens, J.R., Stoker RNR, 554 Stewart, Charles, 330 Stigahlid, Iceland, 679 Stileman, H.H., Rear-Admiral RN, 152 Stinnes, Hugo, 157 Stockholm, Sweden, xv, 84, 122, 132, 167, 204, 217, 224, 273, 285, 391, 482, 484, 678; British Minister at, 174n, 463 Stockholm (S), 350, 378, 403, 465, 505, 535 Stockseyri, Iceland, 217 Stockton-on-Tees, Durham, 715n Stockvis and Zonen, consignee, 107 Stokanaes, Iceland, 776 Stonehaven, Scotland, 45 Storaker (N), 352 Storkeness, Iceland, 767 Stormcock (UK), 431 Stornoway, Scotland, xviii, 4, 11, 23, 95, 96, 122, 123, 129, 157, 159, 161, 166, 172, 180, 188–190, 235, 262, 288, 306, 315, 352, 360, 365–366, 390, 410, 429–430, 432, 457, 477, 479, 486, 519, 547, 554, 603, 613, 621, 702 Storstag (N), 613n Stralsund (N), 618, 619, 621–622, 632–635, 702 Strandberg, Iceland, 516 Strathdee (UK), 234 Strathmaree (UK), 100 Strathnairn (UK), 182 Straumness, Iceland, 399 Stromo I., Faeroes, 449 Stronsay Firth, Orkney, xvii, 501 Style, A/B, 23, 103n, 257, 328n submarines, submarine warfare, German, 3, 6, 9–10, 16, 18–20, 24, 45, 48, 49, 54, 69, 75, 78, 82, 90–92, 124–125, 128, 131, 134, 136, 138, 140, 152–163, 170, 175–192, 194–198, 207, 213–227, 236–238, 247–250, 253, 255, 258–259, 261–262, 264, 265, 269, 272, 274–275, 284, 286, 290, 302, 314, 315, 318, 324, 331, 333, 336, 345, 346, 347, 349, 365, 366, 379, 386–387, 389, 394, 395, 396, 397, 399, 403, 407, 409, 417, 421, 441, 442, 448, 454, 466, 467, 469, 482, 483, 484–485, 490, 491, 493, 501, 504, 505, 509, 518, 519, 520, 521, 528, 529, 534, 536, 537, 539, 540, 542–543, 544, 549, 553, 554–555, 556–560, 565, 568, 572, 582, 584, 591, 621, 624, 627, 628, 633–634, 639, 642–643, 660, 663, 665, 669, 670–671, 678, 681, 683, 707–712, 717, 729, 730, 733–738, 741–744, 746–747, 750–751, 753–754, 763, 779, 780 Suecia (S), 595–596 Suffolk (RN), 586, 602 Sule Skerry, Orkney, 88, 215, 237, 370 Sulisker Rock, Scotland, 603, 647, 699 Sulivan, H.E., Commander RN, 682 sulphite, 100 sulphuric acid, 218, 236, 461 sulphur ore, 102, 592n Sulzberger, consignee, 107 Sunburgh Head, Shetland, xvi, 27, 296, 371, 682 Sundent Sound, Norway, 374 Sunderland, Durham, 121n, 129n, 493 Susanna (N), 161, 162n Svenborg, Denmark, 658 Svendbord, Denmark, 676 Sverre (S), 122 Sverresborg (N), 81 Svino, Faeroes, 73 Swansea, Glamorgan, 123, 327 Swarbacks Minn, Shetland, xv, xvi, 51, 53, 55–58, 61, 119, 145, 151, 155, 166, 169, 178, 182, 205–206, 208–210, 217–218, 220, 221, 233, 247, 307–308, 348, 351, 360, 361, 379, 393, 397, 399, 403, 405, 423, 532, 608, 688, 731, 759, 760, 771, 776, 777–778, 782; defence of, 167–168, 217, 231, 293–294, 315, 405, 475, 611 Swarva (S), 221 Sweden, xv, 5–6, 7, 12, 15, 16, 17, 47, 75, 107, 109, 134, 143, 150n, 152, 192n, 204, 218, 222, 235n, 237, 240–243, INDEX 843 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 843 Sweden (contd.) 248, 324, 331, 381, 461, 488, 509n, 514, 592n, 596n, 624n, 739 Swift (RN), 37, 54 Swift and Hammond, consignee, 107 Swin, The, 587n Swinemunde, Germany, 167, 235n, 259, 594 Switha Sound, 81 Switzerland, 13n, 460, 488 Sydero I., Faeroes, xv, 43, 50, 67, 73, 78, 88, 91, 151, 299, 307, 321, 437, 449, 483, 486, 513, 570, 699 Sydersfjord, Faeroes, 448 Sydic (S), 223 Sydland (S), 150, 159 Sydney, Nova Scotia, 173, 223, 770 Syrie (B), 700, 746 Syvstjerne (N), 407 Taen I., Norway, 249 Taes Islets, Norway, 188 Tail of the Bank, Clyde, 82, 100, 102, 148 Taing of Ham, Shetland, 303 Taing of Horn, Shetland, 264 Talcahuana, Chile, 123 Talkna (D), 490 Tamarac (UK), 733 Tambov (R), 729, 735 Tampa, Florida, 290 Tampen (N), 431 Tanafjord (N), 431 tanning extract, 107 Tara (RN), 75 Teddington, Surrey, 356 Telefunken, 539–560 telegraph poles, 85 Temis, disguise for King Lear TENBY CASTLE (RN), 185, 187, 188, 192–194, 212–228, 230, 231, 255–256, 260–263, 269–272, 284–292, 315–320, 325, 326, 329–333, 442–444, 445, 449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 489–496, 504–513, 518–522, 526–531, 532, 534–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 589–597, 608–616, 620, 624–631, 641–654, 661–667, 670–671, 679–684, 685, 689–698, 699, 717, 735, 780 Tenerife, Canary Is., 159 TEUTONIC (RN), 23, 40–41, 43–44, 45, 53, 55, 66–75, 80, 86–99, 100–102, 113, 122, 123, 126–136, 137, 143, 146, 149, 179–193, 212–228, 259–263, 268–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–322, 328–335, 347–352, 354–355, 357, 361–366, 376–380, 382, 392–400, 403–410, 419–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 526–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 566–573, 575, 576, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 636, 668, 726, 728, 745, 752, 756, 759, 763, 768, 770, 774, 778, 780, 781, 783, 785, 786; mutiny in, 406–407, 411–413, 416, 426, 434–435, 436 Texel (NL), 431 Thai (S), 150, 158 Thailand, 21n Thalassa (D), 662 Thames, river, 69, 482, 587n Thekla (N), 668–669, 703, 711 The Ramsey (RN), 218 THESEUS (RN), 26–32, 35–41, 42n, 54, 55–58 Theseus (UK), 398 THOMAS STRATTON (RN), 693, 730, 774; sunk, 770, 782 Thomson, G., Director of Transports, 245 Thor (NL), 716, 732 Thorgesson, consignee, 108 Thorshavn, Faeroes, 73, 160, 161, 212, 266, 289, 394, 395, 469, 483, 506, 507, 508, 519, 520, 552, 608, 648, 690, 693, 706, 748, 788 Thorvaldsen (D), 444 Thure (S), 482 Thurso, Scotland, 37, 42, 157, 195, 219, 237 Thurso (UK), 216, 555 Thurstan, N.M.C., Commander RN, 629 Tibbits, C., Captain RN, 31, 420, 487 Tiedemann, Captain, 496 Tilbury, Essex, 68 timber, 123, 203, 276, 279, 283, 308, 482, 674, 686, 704 Titania (N), 344–345 Tiumpan Head, Scotland, xviii, 72, 433, 744 tobacco, 20, 158n, 168, 180, 186n, 266 Tobermory, Scotland, 125, 646 Tobiasson, O., Captain, 669, 703 Tongen (N), 520 Tonsberg, Norway, 188, 632n Tortuguero (US), 643 844 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 844 Torquay, Devon, 203 Tory I., Ireland, 67, 397, 399, 571, 583, 638 Tournelly (UK), 247 Trade Division, Director of, 111, 178 Traen I., Norway, 232 Tralee, Ireland, 440 Tramore Head, Ireland, 157 Trangisvaag, Faeroes, 43, 453n Transatlantic Co., 362 Transvaal (D), 122, 128, 143 Trawler Patrol, 79, 81, 313, 340–341, 496 trawlers, British 93, 100, 101, 216, 439, 493, 540, 613, 684, 697; for Northern Patrol, 647; Dutch, 190, 763; German, 91, 92, 280; Icelandic, 447; Swedish, 452 Treasury Solicitor’s Office, 4 Trewby, G., Captain RN, 455, 464 Tricolor (N), 619, 631–632 Trinidad I., Brazil, 46n Triton (G), 514; see also Muskogee Tromso, Norway, 264, 272 Trondhjem, Norway, xvi, 27n 41, 56, 185, 272, 276, 327, 376, 384, 479 Trondhjemsfjord (N), 64, 89, 108–110, 178, 217; sunk, 218–219, 236–238, 239–240, 245–246 Troon, Scotland, 608, 618, 622, 632 Trowbridge (UK), 525, 528 Tua (S), 38 Tuffill, H.P., Assistant Paymaster RNR, 206 Tula (D), 730, 737 Tupper, R.G.O., Vice-Admiral, R.N., 11, 22, 23, 131, 166, 268n, 382n, 388, 389, 390n, 410n, 435, 451–452, 464, 503, 508n, 565, 588, 639, 650n, 728, 736n, 783–784; inspections by, 395, 396, 403–404, 408, 417–420, 429–431, 442, 443, 453, 455, 456, 464, 477, 485, 493, 495, 512, 517–518, 525–526, 581, 582, 626, 628, 652, 662, 666, 676, 682, 690, 698, 732 Ture (S), 486 Turid (N), 327 Turkey, Turkish, 17, 53, 260, 262, 379, 587 Turkey (?), 279 Turnberry, Scotland, 159 Turra Tang, Shetland, 264 Turto de Cabra, Truto do Cacahuete, Turto do Coco di Sesano, 147 Tuscarora (UK), 663 Tweed (RN), 28 Tyne, river, 37, 40, 65, 67, 283 Tynemouth, Northumberland, 204 Tyr (N), 162 Tyrwhitt, Commodore, 224n Tyskland (D), 305–306 Udavalla, Sweden, 324, 624 Udsire I., Norway, 31, 683, 736 Ulf (N), 271 Ulick, Hans P., 673 Ulick, Henrik, 671–673 Ulrik Holm (D), 174 Uluband (N), 203 Umtali (UK), 677 Uncles, H., Lieutenant RNR, 560 United Shipping Co., 289 United Steamship Shipping Co., 265 United States (D), 49, 85, 93, 140, 150, 153, 174, 211, 214–215, 223, 259, 277–278, 287, 301, 325–326, 327, 330, 331, 350, 409, 422–423, 460, 463, 465, 488, 540, 619 United States of America, 5, 7, 8–9, 13, 14n, 15, 16, 18–19, 21, 22, 71n, 75, 107, 313, 534, 537, 639, 674, 723, 724, 728, 772 Unst, Shetland, xvi UC 49, 746n U 9, 25, 54n U 17, 541n U 20, 157n, 259n U 22, 136n, 224n, 409n, 754n U 24, 223n, 227n, 543n U 27, 124n, 125n U 28, 457 U 30, 706 U 33, 180n, 181n, 198n, 259n U 34, 184 U 35, 188n, 259n U 36, 214n, 216n, 225n, 226n U 38, 221n, 223n U 39, 641 U 41, 215n, 216n, 219n U 43, 399n, 403n, 614n U 44, 641n, 754n U 46, 663n U 49, 559n U 50, 549n, 559n U 52, 758n U 53, 534, 730n, 758n U 57, 664n, 671n U 58, 691n, 692n U 60, 613n, 669n, 736n U 62, 717n INDEX 845 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 845 U 66, 30n, 742 U 69, 534n, 696n, 706n, 717n, 742n U 70, 717n U 75, 466n U 78, 618n U 79, 622n, 763n U 80, 608n U 82, 690n U 87, 409n U 88, 705n U 94, 736n U 96, 764n U 102, 757n Urion, meat packer representative, 107 Urna (S), 327, 332 Uruguay, 772n Uskerry Is, Orkney, 344; see also Auskerry Vagrant (RN), 57 Valand (S), 295–297, 324 Valkyrien (D), 693 Valparaiso, Chile, 265 Valur (D), 733 Vanda (S), 131, 146 Vanessa (RN), 129, 217 Vang, consignee, 108 Vardo I., Norway, 527 Varig (S), 466 Varing (S), 558 Veetdal (N), 568; see also Olaf Vega (N), 367 vehicles, 2 Venezuela, 724 Venning, G.E., Lieutenant RN, 681 Vennino, 666 Venus (D), 217, 491, 512–513 Verdun, France, 462 Verhaven, 334; see also Djursland and Maumee Vernon (RN), 551 Vesta (D), 266–267 Vest Fjord, Norway, xv, 224n, 229, 230, 232, 249, 279, 307, 320, 349 Vestmanneyjar Is., Iceland, xvii VICTORIAN (RN), 23, 146, 179–193, 193–194, 211–212, 212–228, 247, 258–263, 265, 269–272, 284–292, 304–308, 315–320, 329–333, 348–352, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 419–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 491–496, 504–513, 518–522, 524–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 608–616, 617–621, 625–631, 636, 641–654, 661–667, 679–684, 693–698, 726, 728, 730, 732, 734–738, 745, 756 victualling, 417–419, 421, 435–436, 438 Vienna (RN), 555, 722 Vigilant (D), 365 Vigo, Spain, 126, 139 Vigo (N), 594n, 674, 675–676 Vik (N), 695 VIKNOR (RN), 64–72, 73, 80, 105; sunk, 73–74, 113, 116, 137, 335 Vinland (N), 157 Virgin Is., 7 VIRGINIAN (RN), 65–75, 80, 88–99, 113, 126–136, 137, 143, 146, 150, 179–193, 194, 212–228, 247, 249, 251, 258–263, 269–272, 279, 281, 284–292, 301, 304–308, 315–320, 329–333, 347–352, 355, 361–366, 376–380, 392–400, 403–410, 417–422, 427–431, 441–444, 448–449, 450, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 525–531, 535–541, 544–553, 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 606, 607–616, 618–621, 623–631, 636, 640–654, 661–667, 677–684, 693–698, 706, 707, 717, 718, 726, 728, 730–731, 732, 734–738, 756, 757, 782 Vivian, G.W., Captain RN, 23, 81, 257 Vivian, H.A., Lieutenant RNR, 331 Vladimir Reitz (D), 123 Vladivostock, Russia, 179 Voe, Shetland, 206, 778 Volrath Than (S), 157, 158n, 221 von Georgevitch, 287 von Papen, F., 326n von Rintelen, F., 326n von Wedel, Baron Hans Adam, 70–71, 73 Voronej (R), 581 Vulcan (D), 288 vulcanised fibre, 85 Vyl Lightship, Norway, 607 Waalhaven (NL), 487 Wacousta (N), 214 Wagner, of Transatlantic Co., 362 Waldeck Rousseau (F-N), 586, 600–601 WALPOLE (RN), 331–333, 442–444, 445, 452–456, 463–471, 476–488, 492–496, 504–513, 518–522, 526–531, 532, 535–541, 544–553, 846 THE MARITIME BLOCKADE OF GERMANY INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 846 561–564, 568–573, 577–583, 590–597, 598–599, 608–616, 620, 625–631, 661–667, 674–684, 685, 693–698, 730, 737, 737, 767–768, 787 Walter, F.H., Commander RN, 23, 76 Walton Bay, Lancashire, 81 Walwyn Castle (RN), 228 Warcross (UK), 733 Ward, O., A/B RNVR, 765 Wardle, T.E., Commander RN, 162, 383–385, 388, 397 Ware, W.J., PO RFR, 765 Warpatrol (UK), 733 Warspite (RN), 123, 134 Warton, J.F., Captain RN, 663, 695 Washington, D.C., USA, 11, 326n, 358, 463, 723; British Ambassador at, 109, 110 Water Lily (S), 520, 530 Watson, H.C., Captain RN, 647, 747, 759 Webb, R. Captain RN, 64, 77, 532n, 723–726 Webster, J.A., Captain RN, 196, 350, 478 Weimar (UK), 282 Welin, P.A., 489 Wessel & Duval, consignors, 590 Westerdijk (NL), 430, 650 Westfirth, Shetland, 424 West Fjord, see Vestfjord Westgate (UK), 529, 545 West Hartlepool, Durham, 150n, 277 West Indies, 7, 122, 173n, 586, 601, 722n West Loch Roag, Scotland, xviii, 119, 131, 143–146, 151, 155, 166 West Loch Tarbet, Scotland, 701 Westmanhavn, Faeroes, 448, 521 Westville (UK), 280, 285 Weymouth, Dorset, 595n Whale I., Portsmouth, 471 whale oil, 97, 161, 291, 301, 303, 304, 367 whales, 491, 660 Whalley, W., Private RMLI, 299 Wheable, W.A. Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 193 wheat, 50, 101, 129, 148, 149n, 184, 185n, 291, 315, 365, 430n, 454n, 505n, 626, 650, 654n, 659, 694 Whitby, Yorkshire, 197 Whitefield(s) (UK), 161, 204, 255, 268n White List, 480, 490n, 505, 528n, 617 Whiten Channel, Shetland, 624 White Sea, 31, 36, 37, 42, 223, 264, 300, 311, 430, 440, 545, 736, 761, 763, 770 White Star Line, 152 Whiting, W.H, Superintendant of Contract Work, 104 Wico (US), 235n, 259n, 307, 321, 552 Wilding, M.H., Commander RN, 494–495, 652, 732 Wilhelm Behrens (G), 26–27 Wilhelmshaven, Germany, 448, 648n William (S), 479 William Martin (D), 653 Wilson, Woodrow, President of the USA, 8, 330 Wilson Line, 89, 280, 281, 308 wines, 282 Wingo, consignee, 142 Winneconne (US), 377 wireless, wireless telegraphy, 70, 71–72, 93, 94, 99, 124, 125, 161, 329–330, 335–336, 352–357, 453, 505, 512, 640 wireless direction finder, 164, 165, 177, 182, 212, 222, 260–261, 355–357, 362, 407, 409, 418, 423, 453, 469, 478, 519, 548, 580 Wogan & Co, consignee, 188 Wohlberg, R., 339 Wolf (G), 785 wood, 213, 258, 365, 730 woodflour, 517 wood pulp, 192, 204, 621, 630, 732, 753 wool, 214, 216, 217, 261, 301, 350, 406, 444, 460 Woolf, Isaac, 162 Workman and Clark, 148 Wray, C.M., Lieutenant-Commander RNR, 708–709 Wray Castle (UK), 271 Wrightson, C.A.W., Commander RN, 650, 713 W/T, see wireless Wynn, H.D., Sub-Lieutenant RNR, 362 Yacht and Trawler Patrol, 79–81 Yarmouth, Suffolk, 186 Yaroslavl (R), 571 Yarrowdale (US), 594, 635–636, 645n Yell, Shetland, xvi, 373, 424 Yell Sound, Shetland, 58 Ymir (D(I)), 285 Ymuiden, Netherlands, 191, 467 Yokohama (UK), 82 Yola (N), 694, 696 Young, G.B., Captain RN, 385–387, 388, 407 Yttero, Norway, 367 INDEX 847 INDEX THE BATTLE OF ATL 14/5/03 4:06 pm Page 847 Yuba (N), 691 Yukanski roads, Russia, 291, 304n, 415, 571 Zamora (S), 132, 224 Zanrak (N), 123, 124 Zara (RN), 647 Zealandia (RN), 51 Zeelandia (NL), 716 Zeeman, J.H. Captain, Dutch Navy, 664 Zenitha (D), 682 Zepher (RN), 257 zinc, 482n
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