Monson was a late-Elizabethan seaman and naval commander, retired under a cloud in 1616, who occupied his retirement in composing a number of works on naval affairs.
A large collection of narratives, notes and memoranda, mostly concerning English naval affairs under James I and Charles I.
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ABADA ABADA, The, iv. 255 Acapulco, v. 126, 127, 128 Achiniega, Sancho de, i. 41 Acosta, Juan de, iv. 307-8 Acuna, Don Pedro de, i. 144 Adams, John, iv. 284 Adelantado, The office of, i. 180. See fl/so’Padilla, Don Martin de Aden, iv. 261 Admiral, Lord High, i. 117; iii. 389-90, 397, 423-9 ; iv. 17 evil effect of his right to tenths, 11.238 prescriptive military command of, i- 374 See also Howard, Charles, Earl of Nottingham Admiral of Castile, The, iv. 131 Admiral of France, The, iii. 423 Admiral, Qualifications and Duties of an, iii. 438 ; iv. 131, 204-6 Admirals, English mediaeval, iii. 422-3, 427 Lieutenants of the, iii. 427 Admirals, Spanish, i. 44, 56, 168, 213 ; ii. 314 ; iii. 440 ; iv. 79 Admiralty, Commissioners of the, iii, 257, 427 First Lords of the, selection of, ii. 249-51 High Court of, i. 126, 250, 271, 274 ; iii. 389-90, 425, 429 Lieutenant of the. See ViceAdmiral of England Parliamentary and bureaucratic influence in the, ii. 249-51 Secretary of the, iii. 409 Solicitor to the, iii. 393 Adye, John, ii. 104 Africa, English trade with, iv. 405-11 length and breadth of, iv., 346-7 rivers and lakes of, iv. 359-60 V. AMERICA Agricola Julius, iii. 204 ; iv. 130 Aguila, Don Juan de, i. 251-2, 303, 306-8 ; ii. 56,123-4,135-6, *43» 147-8, 389 .. Aguirre, Lope de, ii, 230 Aire, Capt., i. 291 Albert, Cardinal Archduke, i. 208- i°, 275, 362, 367-8 ; ii. 86, 94, 108, 115, 117, 170, 186, 195; iii. 29, 32, 330, 343; v. 153 Albuquerque, Dom Affonso d’, iv. 261 Alencon, Duke of, (i.) ix Alexander VI., Pope, partition of New World by, i. 22 ; iv. 184 Alfinger, Ambrose, iv< 335 Algiers, Charles V. at, iii. 132 ; iv. 319 difficulty of taking, iii. 86-92 expedition against, 1620-1, iii. 94-116, 132 Monson’s advice concerning, iii. 79-85 pirates of (i.) xxxvii; ii. 131 ; iii» 7°, 79-85, 106, 108, no; v. 38 Alien, Cardinal, i. 66 Almagro, Diego de, iv. 235, 241, 293-300 Almagro, Diego de (son of former), iv. 300-2 Altamira, Count of, i. 203 Alva, Duke of, i. 187 Amazon, the, iv. 241, 338 Ambition, Monson on, iii. 5-6, 278 Amboyna massacre, iv. 424 America, circuit of, iv. 340-5 discovery of, iv. 286-90 French flag planted in, ii. 321 names suggested for, iv, 286 See also Canada, New England, &c. 330 MONSON’S TRACTS AMEROLA Amerola, Carlos de, i. 323 Anchovies, v. 276 Andrada, Count of, i. 203 Andrada, Manuel de, i. 191, 207 Angra (Azores), i. 74, 82, 232, 233, 237, 239, 288, 301 ; ii. 30, 62, 66-7, 79, 81, 121, 256, 314; iii, 126 Anjou, Francis, Duke of, v. 307 Anthony, Capt. William, i. 310 Antonelli, Juan Baptista, i. 330, 332, 333 Antonio, Don, i. 58, 70, 140, 178, 180, 187-9, 191-2, 195-6, 207, 209, 210-11, 220, 223, 247 ; iii. 120, 123 ; v, 154-5 Antwerp, bridge of, ii. 103-4 Dutch blockade of, in 1587, i. 166 effect of fall of, i. 126 Apprentices, dockyard, iii. 397 Aramburu, Marcos de, i, 275 ; ii. 32, 75 Aranjo, Captain, i. 206 Arias de Avila, Pedro, iv, 291-2 Aribe, Juan, i. 233 Armada, The, cause of disaster to, i. 46 Council, English, of War on land defence, ii. 267-86 Councils, Spanish, of War, July 1588, i. 168-70 defective ships and stores, i. 44-5, 167 effective strength of, i. 169 Elizabeth’s preparations against, i. 56-69, 155-72, 173 Estrade’s, Pedro, account of, ii. 299-308 how actually destroyed, ii. 80 Medina Sidonia appointed to command, i. 49, 153 Monson a volunteer against, (i.) x Monson’s criticisms concerning, i. 156-8 neglect in supplying English fleet, i. 67-9, 158, 175-6; iv. 132, 224 notes concerning, i. 159-76 Parma blockaded by Dutch, i, 47, 52, 166 Philip’s instructions for, i. 50-3, 153 Philip provides English and other pilots for, i. 167 poor quality of Spanish officers, i. 44, 168 preparations, Spanish, for, i. 40, 46-7, 140, 146, 161-2, 165 sickness in, i. 168, 174 transports, i. 170, 171 troops under Leycester, i. 172 troops under Parma, i. 167, 171 See also Spain, war with Armaments, ship, i. 6, 275, 317-9 ; ii. 125, 215, 229, 243, 323 ; iv. * 43, 102-3, 210 Artillery stores in English and Spanish navies, i. 51, 175, 318; ii. 324 ; iii. 81 ; iv. 34, 210, 220 Arundel of Wardour, Lord, iii. 36-8, 335-7 Ashley, Sir Anthony, i. 187, 198, 216, 351, 361 ; ii. 3, 10, 13 Ashley, Henry, Capt., i. 152, 160 Asia, English trade with, iv. 410-11 length and breadth of, iv. 346-7 Averia. See Convoy money Avisos, i. 128, 382 ; ii. 118, 323, 377 ; iii. 269 Aylesbury, Sir Thomas, iii. 408 Azores, The, Cumberland’s fleet at, in 1589, i. 227-37; v, 175-80; in 1592, i. 281-96; in 1593. i. 297-302 ; v. 181 ; in 1594. i. 310-11 ; in 1595, i. 341 ; iii. 126 command the East and West India trade routes, i. 188 description of, iii. 124-6 discovery of, iv. 240 Don Antonio defeated at, i. 188 Drake sails to, in 1587, i. 137, 138, 148 50 Elizabeth’s warning as to a conquest in, ii. 50 Essex’s voyage, 1597, i. 82 ; ii. 21-83; iii, 125-6, 265; v, 163, 185 Frobiser at, 1590, i. 248-50 Frobiser’s voyage, 1592, i. 279 80, 287-91 Lord Thomas Howard’s voyage of 1591, i. 72; 254, 258-65 place of call for the Flotas, i. 73, 266 ; ii. 255, 314, 339 INDEX 33* AZORES Sir R. Leveson’s voyage to, in 1600, i. 83 ; ii. 112-14,120-1 Spanish conquest of, i. 247 The question of English conquest of, i. 39, 73, 74 ; ii. 50 Their retention a matter of life and death for Spain, i, 39, 72 ; ii. 50 BACALLAOS. See Newfoundland Bacon, Anthony, i. 373 ; ii. 8 Bacon, Francis, connection with imprisonment of Sir William Monson, (i.) xxxv ; iii. 23 warns Essex, ii. 45 Bagg, James, iii. 348 Bahama Islands (Lucayas), iv. 240, 289, 321-2 Bahia, iii. 133 ; iv. 249 Baillie, Richard, (i.) xxxiv Baker, Capt. Christopher, i. 152, 159 Baker, Mathew, iv. 51 Baku, oil at, iv. 54 Baltimore, Lord, iv. 400 Barbadoes, iv. 404-5; v. 120 Barbary, trade with, i. 258 ; ii. 259; iv. 406-7 Barbosa, Duarte, iv. 265 Bargrave, John, iii. 252 Barros, Don Christobal de, i. 31 ; ii. 319 Baskervile, Sir Thos., i. 312, 314, 319, 321, 325, 331, 333, 334, 338-9; iv. 73 Bastidas, Rodrigo de, iv. 328-9, 333-4 Bazan, Alonso de, i. 213, 241, 245, 251 3, 261 2, 265 6, 279-80, 285, 287, 291-2 ; ii. 320 ; iii. 440; iv. 74 Bazan, Alvaro de. See Santa Cruz, Marquis of Beale, Robert, ii. 299 Beeston, Capt. Sir George, i. 152, 159, 238, 240, 242 Belem, castle of, i. 161, 179, 208, 220 ; iii. 120 Bellingham, Capt. Henry, i. 136, 138 Berkeley, Sir John, ii. 211, 217, 224 Berlingas, i. 259, 270, 297, ii. 254 Bermudas, The, iv. 182, 403-4 Berry Head, blockhouse on, iii,, 368-9 Bertendona, Martin de, i. 44,168 ; ii. 74 Beukelsen, William, v, 227-8 Biervliet, v. 227 Bishop, Wm., iii. 70, 74 Blavet, i. 76, 77, 252, 276, 306, 3°9, 313, 322, 323 ; ii. 91, 92, 191 ; iv. 168 ; v. 29, 183 Blount, Sir Christopher, i. 350 ; 361, 365, 388, 390, 391; ii. 42, 63, 64, 97 Boarding, i. 281-3 ‘• ” 239 ; iv, 85, 91-4, 98, 196, 212-3, 226 Boatswains, i. 248 ; iii. 382, 396, 414, 417 ; iv. 20, 32-3, 155, 232 Boazio, Baptista, ii. 60 Bobadilla, Francisco de, iv. 320 Boca Chica, i. 130 Boca Grande, i. 130 Bodenham, Capt. Jonas, i. 316 Bolt, The, the usual landfall, iii. 361 Borough, Stephen, iii. 392; iv, 418 Borough, Sir William, i. 136, 138- 9, 143, 144, 147, 149-50, 159, 161, 317 ; ii. 64; iv. 141 Borriquen. See Puerto Rico Bostocke, Capt. John, i. 138, 152, 160, 238, 240, 242 Bouillon, Due de, i. 371 2 Boulogne, i. 116, 364, 369 ; ii. 116 ; iii. 52 Bourne, Richard, ii. 129 Bourne, Wm., iii. 219 Bows and arrows, iv. 210 Bradbury, Capt. Jonas, i. 359 ; ii. 89, 96 Bradgate, Capt. Mathew, i. 256 ; ii. 84, 88, 170, 177 ; iii. 335-7 Braganza, Duchess of, i. 187 Brazil, iii. 133, 175 ; iv. 192-3, 240, 249, 282, 431 Bressa Sound, iii. 271; iv. 164; v. 135, 237, 244 Brest, i. 18, 303, 305, 307-9 ; ii. 49, 99, ioo, 104, 107 ; iii. 262 ; iv. 168; v. 7; 24-29 Brett, Capt. Alexander, iii. 105 Brett, Capt Jeremy, iii. 252 Bribery, iii. 409 ; iv. 138-40 z 2 332 MONSON’S TRACTS BRILL Brill, The, ii. 63 ; iii. 229 Brissac, Charles de, i. 247 Brito, Antonio de, iv. 267 Brittany, i. 76, 77, 245, 251, 252, 276. 303-9; i”. 225 Broad Arrow, The, iv. 157-8 Broadbent, Wm., i. 242, 293 ; ii. 73 Brochero de Anaya, Diego, i. 44, 323, 377 ; ” l6> 74. “3> I2I > 123, 135-6, 178, 188, 223, 384, 393, 394 ; v.188 Brooke, Robert, Lord, iv. 439 Brooke, Sir Wm., ii. 21, 39 Browne, Bryan, ii. 168, 177, 183-4 Buarcos, ii. 370 Buccaneers, i. 87; iii. 71; v. 122 Buckhorn, v. 274 Buckingham, George, Villiers, Duke of, favourite of James I., (i.) xxxviii Lord Admiral, iii. 52, 92, 183, 426-7 Monson’s hatred of, (i.) xlv ; iii. 92, 97-8, 105, 174, 287 Buckley, Richard, i. 160 Burgh, Sir John, i. 278-9, 281-3, 286-9, 291-3 ; ii. 227, 230; iii. 139 Burghley, Wm., Lord. See Cecyll, Wm., Lord Burghley Burgos, Puente de, i. 203 Burleigh, Captain, ii. 262 Burley, John, iii. 252 Burlings. See Berlingas Burnell, Capt. Francis, i. 240, 242 Burnet, Richard, i. 185 Burroughs, Sir John. See Burgh, Sir John Busses, Fishing, v. 204, 239 Bustos, Pedro Fernandez de, i. 130 Butler, Richard, i. 285 Button, Sir Thomas, ii. 125, 169 ; iii. 105, 338, 345 Bylot, Robt., iv. 373 CABEC;A DE VACA, Alvar Nunez, iv. 339 Cabot, John, ii. 292 ; iv. 186, 240, 400, 419, 426 Cabot, Sebastian, iv. 270, 339, 415-6, 419 CANO Cabral, Pedro Alvarez, iv. 248-9, 426 Cabrera de Cordoba, i. 47-8, 133 Cadiz and the Plate fleets, i. 82 ; ii- 315 Cadiz, as to holding (1625), iii. 144-9 compared with Angra and the Havana, i. 82 Drake’s voyage to, in 1587, i. 37-8, 136-51; iii. 127; iv. 275 Expedition to, in 1596, i. 79 82, ‘ 320, 344-95 ; ii. 1-20, 42 ; iii. 127-9, 144, 157, 160, 163-6 ; iv. 112 burning of, ii. 5 debate as to occupation of, ii. 1-4 ; iii. 144-6 Elizabeth’s displeasure after, ii. 10-12 exchange of prisoners, ii. 6 7 knighthoods created at, ii. 4-5 Monson at, (i.) xv, 344, 348, 35i, 359, 382, 387-9 his spelling of, ii. 395 Queen’s Proclamation concerning, i. 376 results of, ii. 15 return home from, i. 356-7 ; ii. 10 Spanish ships lost at, iv. 73-5 Voyage of 1625, (i.) xlv, xlviii; iii. 92, 117-20, 142-3, 150-74 Calais, i. 172, 357, 364, 367-8, 369, 370; ii- 43-4, 56, 92, in, 305-6; iii. 19, 27, 33, 52, 234, 331-5, 352; iv. 123 to be exchanged for Cadiz, ii. 2 ; iii. 146 Calais Roll, The, iii. 193-9, 205 Calendar, change in, i. 41 California, Cape, iv. 241, 344, 376 Cambay, ii. 290 ; iv. 409 ; v. 91-3 Canada, i. 229; iv. 186, 188, 385, 425-8 Canary Islands, The, i. 127 ; ii. 85, 219, 335 ; iv. 75, 240, 277, 279, 288, 398 Dutch at, ii. 85, 95, 234 ; iii. 248 ; v. 106-18 Cano, Juan Sebastian del, iv. 266-7 INDEX 333 CANUTE Canute, iii. 46 Captain, private, iii. 20, 63 ; iv. 15, 273. See also Gentlemen Captains Captains, i. 287 ; ii. 44, 242 ; iii. 244, 433-6; iv. 13-22, 64, 152-3, 177, 229, 231 Captains of the 1635 and 1636 fleets, iii. 223-4, 252, 258 Caravels, i. 33, 42-3, 230, 231, 356; ii. 168, 254 Cardenas, i. 211 Careless, Edw. See Wright, Edward Carew, George, Lord, v. 208-9 Carew, Sir George, i. 344, 360, 361, 365, 375, 387, 394 > « 2, 19, 21, 39, 42, 49, 57, i°3, 131. 133, 137, 142, 144, 146 Carew, Sir George (temp. Hen. VIII.), ii. 265 Carey, Sir George, ii. 183, 229 Carleill, Capt. Christopher, i. 121, 124,128, 131 Carleton, Sir Dudley, iii. 356 Carmarthen, Richard, i. 317; ii. i76 ,356 Carpenters, ship’s, iv. 20, 45-6 Carracks, first used in northern waters for fighting purposes, i- 15 Genoese, used as models for English ships by Henry V., i. 16 gunnery on board, i. 150; ii. 325 in the Portuguese marine in 1586, i. 42 pay of officers of, iv. 259 victualling allowance on board, iv. 260 voyages of, to E. Indies, i. 288 ; ii. 31, 206 ; iv. 259-61 ; v. 78, 82. See also San Felipe ; Madre de Dios; Las Cinque Llagas; St. Valentine Carrying trade, i. 272, 273 ; ii. 91, 188, 392; iii. 329; v. 313 Cartagena (de las Indias), i, 23, 36, 122, 129-33, 331, 332; ii. 50, 226, 322, 337; iv. 275, 334, 441 ; v. 121, 122 Carteret, Capt George, iii. 224, 252 Cartier, Jacques, iv. 426 Cartridges, iv. 8, 34 CECYLL Carvajal, Francisco de, iv. 303, 305, 307-9 Casa de Contratacion, ii. 119, 311-18, 324, 330, 333 Cascaes, i. 137-47, I 7^> I 79» *8i, 208, 211, 218-22 ; ii. 301, 377; iii. 121 Cason, Capt John, ii. 129,177,183 Caspian Sea, iv. 354 6, 417 Castile, Constable of. See Frias, Duque de Castro, Vaca de, iv. 301 2 Catalina, I. of. See Providence Catholic revolt, i. 53 Cattle driving in invasion, ii. 282 Caulfield, Capt. Richard, ii. 177, 183 Cautionary towns, i. 48; ii. 63, 116, 171 ; iii. 229 ; v. 44, 308 Cave, Capt. George, i. 310 Cavendish, Thomas, ii. 227, 228,’ 239, 240, 248; iii. 140, 332, 359,’ iv. 31, 180, 192, 270, 279-81, 283, 379 81; v. 86 Cecil, Edw., Viscount Wimbledon. See Wimbledon, Lord Cecil, William, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, iii. 346-7 Cecyll, Lord. See Cecyll, Robert, ist Earl of Salisbury Cecyll, Robert, ist Earl of Salisbury, i. 284, 305, 365, 372, 374-5 ; ii. n, 46, 81, 82, no, in, 117,132-4, 142, 162,171, 175, 188, 232, 237, 262, 288 ; iii. 24, 25, 40, 51; v. 206 antagonism to Essex, i. 329 created Lord Cecyll, 1603, Viscount Cranborne, 1604, Earl of Salisbury, 1605, iii. 24, 328, 332 in Spanish pay, (i.) xxi-xxiii, xxix ; ii. 131, 203 letter to Winwood ye pirates in Irish waters, iii. 376-9 made Secretary of State, ii. 45 mission to France, 1598, ii. 91-2 Monson’s letters to, ii. 378-395 ; iii. 328-9, 332-6, 338-40, 346- 7, 349-55 organizes a new spy service in Spain, ii. 107, 108 patron of Monson, (i.) xvii, xviii; iii. 24 334 MONSON’S TRACTS CECYLL plans that Spaniards shall escape capture by Dutch, iii. 17, 18 political alliance with Ralegh and Essex, ii. 45 possesses only ‘ a very moderate ‘ standard of morality, (i.), xvii. repudiates responsibility of Crown to police Channel, ii. 150 responsible for mobilization of 1599, ii. 100-5, 107 shifty and treacherous, ii. 45, 55, 64, 131, 134 states the proper station of English fleet, ii. 146 thinks in 1600 only fools expect a Spanish invasion of Ireland, ii. 131 urges Essex to the Islands Voyage, ii. 46; but anticipates failure, ii. 56 vacillates about Irish invasion in 1602, ii. 185 Cecyll, William, Lord Burghley, i. 7, 20, 141, 250, 268, 271, 294, 369 ; ii- 14, 52, 83 assists in drawing up a plan of campaign in 1588, i. 58 exaggerates Spanish strength in Brittany, i. 305 ignorant of proposed attack on Cadiz, i. 365 notes on the North Sea Fisheries, v. 202 opposition to Drake, i. 56, 150, 151, 163, 167 possibly informs Philip II. of Drake’s destination, 1596, i. 329 practically First Lord of the Admiralty, iii. 426 unsuspiciousness of, i. 285 Cely, Capt Thomas, i. 70, 124 Centeno, Diego, iv. 308 Cenu, iv. 333 ‘ Certain Considerations ‘ . . . whether written by Monson, (i.) Ix; v. 322 Ceset, Vasco Fernandes, ii. 384 Cezimbra, ii. 154-63, i?5, *79, 191, 390, 392; iv. 113-4; v- 60, 139, 186 CLEIVE Chamber, the King’s, i. 353 Champlain, Samuel de, iv. 427 Channel Islands, ii. 49, 73; v. 27-8 Channel soundings, Elizabethan description of, i. 358 ; iv. 31 Chaplains, ships’, iv. 58 Charles I., enforces claim to the Salute, iii. 51 founds the ‘ Society of Fishing,’ v. 210-11 Monson couples him with Charlemagne, v. 218 reasons for his naval failure, iii. 276 resolves to enforce fishery rights, iii. 271, 273 yields before the attitude of the Dutch, iii. 273 ; v. 208 Chasing, directions for, iii. 152 Chatham, ‘ How to secure his Majesty’s navy in,’ v. 4, 13 4 Chatham Chest, The, (i.) xlvi, xlvii; iii. 275 ; iv. 200 Chatham Dockyard, i. 10, 85 ; ii. 48, 264 ; iii. 393-6, 402, 411, 412, 415, 419; iv. 228; v. 7-15 Chauvinism of English historians, i. i, 41 Chester, Capt. James, (i.) xxxiv ; iii. 60 Chidley, Mr., iv. 283 Children, Monson on, i. 114, 115 Chile, iv. 241, 299 Christobal, Don (son of Don Antonio), i. 360, 362 ; ii. i ; iv. 123 Churchill, A. and S., The 1704 edition, (i.) liv-lvi later editions, (i.) Ivi Cimaroons, i. 334 ; v. 123 Cinque Ports, i. 4 ; iii. 199, 392, 421, 427 ; iv. 30 The Lord Warden of the, iii. 34i, 427 Circumnavigation of the world, by Cavendish, iv. 279-81 attempts which failed, iv. 282-4 by Drake, iv. 273-8 by Magellan, iv. 262 8 by the Dutch, ii. 240; iv. 284-5 Cleive, Capt., ii. 231 INDEX 335 CLEMENT Clement, Jacques, i. 243 Clerk of the Navy, The, See Navy, Clerk of the Clerks of the Checque, iii. 394, 395, 4J 2 Clifford, Sir Alexander, i. 138,152, 160, 303, 344, 358, 380 ; ii. 84, 87, 89, 96, 115, 128 Clifford, Sir Conyers, i. 350, 361, 365, 366, 375, 391, 393 ; ” *4, 19, 141 ; iii. 164 Clothes, Monson on, i. 108 9 Cobbett, Capt., ii. 59 Cobbing, a, iv. 200 Cockswains, iv. 20, 59 Coke, Lord Chief Justice, the murder of Overbury, (i.) xxxii examines Sir Wm. Monson, (i.) xxxiii, xxxv ; iii. 42 Coke, Sir John, ii. 176 ; iii. 84, 109, 116, 366, 408 ; iv.139-40 ; v. 193, 197, 209 Collier fleet, how to double it, v. 62-6 Coloma, Francisco, i. 301, 302, 381 ; ii. 98 ; v. 170 Columbus, Christopher, ii. 333; iv. 240, 286-90, 320-3, 325-7, 337, 366 Columbus, Diego, iv. 320, 325, 336 Columbus, Fernando, ii. 332 Command of the Channel, i. 14-15 Command of the sea, Bacon’s apophthegm concerning, i. 33,86 by default, i. 37 disputed, a fleet in, i. 74 does not prevent raids, i. 34 Elizabeth fails to grasp importance of, i. 3, 10, 20, 72, 86, 256, 301, 306 ; ii. 50 Henry V. aims at, i. 16 in 1585, i. 132 ; in 1587, i, 37, 147; in 1589, i. 236; in 1590, i. 249, 251 ; in 1597, ii. 50 in the Pacific, iv. 306-7 necessary for invasion, i. 14, 15, 16, 24, 36, 37, 49, 53, 7°, 74, 76, 80, 189 ; ii. 18, 74, 76, 79, 134, 136 ; iii. 131-4 not yet generally understood by the English, i, 33, 38 CORTES object of, i. 14 Philip fails to grasp importance of, i. 30, 32, 33, 40, 77, 370 ; ii« 18, 75-6 .Raleigh writes concerning, i. 30 secures territorial possessions, i- 42, 133 sought by English kings in early centuries, i. 3, 4, 36 Commanders, Monson’s advice to, iii. 277-82 choice of, iii. 303-11 ‘ Commerce Warfare/ carried on by the Commonwealth against the Dutch, i. 26 carried on from 1589 onwards, i. 243 conditions during Napoleonic and modern times contrasted, i. 26 what Monson meant by the term, i. 25, 26, 240 Comogra, iv. 331-2 Companions, Monson on, i. no Company, regimental, organization of, i, 172 Comptroller of the Navy, The, iii. 257, 390-1, 4°4-5, 4°9. 4i7» 426 Conservators of truces, iii, 428 Consolation Bay, i. 206 Consortship, i. 279, 287-8; iv. 18-19 Contraband, i. 211, 231, 273, 274, 298, 362 ; ii. 98, 172, 197, 374, 390 ; v. 196 Convoy money, ii. 44, 198, 321-2 ; v. 198-9 Cook-room, ii. 248 ; iv. 65* See also Galley Cooks, ship’s, iv. 60-1, 65, 138-9 Cooper, The ship’s, iv, 59 Cordova, Don Philip de, ii. 299, 307 Cornwallis, Sir Charles, (i.) XXA on condition of Spain, 1603, ii« 202-3 Corporal, The (naval), iv. 58 Corporals (military), i. 125, 361 Cortereal, Caspar de, iv. 365-7 Cortes, Hernando, iv. 236, 269, 312-9, 378-9 Cortes, Martin, ii, 332 336 MONSON’S TRACTS CORUftA Corufia, i. 153, 165, 168, 169, 170, 178, 180, 191, 194, 212, 221 ; ii. 9, II, 21, 23, 56, 60, 74, 76, 85, 106, 178, 188, 301, 315, 373,375,380-1, 388-91 ; iv. 230; v. 59, no-ii, 183 Norreys and Drake at, i. 197- 205 Corvo, i. 249, 261, 266, 291, 299; v. 182 Cosa, Juan de la, ii. 331 ; iv. 334 Council of War of 1587, ii. 267-86 Counsellor of State, choice of, iii. 284-99, 301 Coursier, The, ii. 156 ; iv. 104 ; v. 169 Court, The, Monson on, i. 109 Courtesy, Monson on, i. in, 112 Coutinho, Gonsalo Vaz, ii. 58, 68, 69, 70-2 Coverte, Capt. Thomas, ii. 89, 90, 115, 126, 129 Covilhao, Pedro de, iv. 243-4; v. 97 Cranborne, Viscount. See Cecyll, Sir Robert Crane, John, iii. 380 ; iv. 145 Craon, battle of, i. 305-6 Crews, division of, during fight, ii. 235-6, 252; iv. 90-1, 95-6 protection of, in action, iv. 95-7 Crispe, Captain Peter, i. 186 Crompsters, ii. 125 ; (v.) xi Cromwell, Captain Edward, i. 186 Crosse, Sir Robert, i. 124, 152, 160, 213-5, 253, 256, 278-81, 286, 290-3, 340-1, 344, 360; ii. 84, 87, 96 Cross-ravaging, Admiral Colomb on, i. 14 Cruelty, Spanish, i. 201, 202, 343 ; iv. 235, 431; v. 114 Cuba, i. 23, 132, 302 ; iv. 325 Cumana, iv. 336-7 Cumberland, George Clifford, Earl of, builds the Malice Scourge, ii. 205 ; v. 182 character of, ii. 223, 224 charged with defence of London, 1599, ii. 103-4 Monson’s connection with, (i.) x-xii Monson’s quarrel with, (i.) xi, xiv-xvi; v. 183 DEDICATION privateering ventures of, i. 231, 295 ; ii. 296-7 scheme to intercept Flota, 1600, ii. 129 voyage of 1586, iv. 282-3 voyage of 1589, i. 226-37 » ” 228 ; iii. 326, 359 ; iv. 32 ; v. 175 voyage of 1591, i. 72, 254, 262, 269-76 ; iii. 326 ; v. 180 voyage of 1592, i. 279, 281, 288, 294-5 voyage of 1593, i. 297-302; iii. 326 voyage of 1594, i. 76, 309-11 voyage of 1595, i. 341 ; v. 183 voyage of 1596, ii. 20 voyage of 1598 (Puerto Rico), i. 83 ; ii. 90, 94, 204-25, 227, 230; v. 124 effect of voyage of 1598,^,219, 223, 225 Cybola, iv. 242, 318, 378-9 Cyprus, iv. 358 DARELL, Marmaduke, i. 63, 66, 68, 186, 345, 355, 361 Darien, iv. 241, 328-33 Dartmouth, i. 292, 294 ; ii. 104 ; iii. 195 ; v. 12 D’Aumont, Marechal, i. 307-8 Davies, Nevill, i. 300 Davis, John (navigator), i. 231, 234 ; ii. 73 ; iv. 281, 372, 393, 419 Davyes, Thomas, i. 250; iv. 228-32 Days, length of tl>e,.iv. 29 Dedication, Book I. (to eldest son), i. 101-116 Book I. (to his friends), i. 117-9 Book II. (to 2nd son), iii. 1-9 Book II. (to Elizabethan captains), iii. 10-14 Book III. (to seafarers), iii. 385-8 Book IV. (to everybody except Puritans), iv. 233-8 Book V. (to projectors), v. 1-3 Book VI. (to Charles I.), v. 217-8 Book VI. (to those who have read the other five books), v. 219-21 INDEX 337 DELGADILLO Delgadillo de Avellaneda, Don Bernardino, i. 79, 315, 336, 338- 4° , Denbigh, Earl of, iii. 161 Denmark, i. 362 ; iii. 54 ; v. 198, 203, 205, 279, 298 Denny, Sir Edward, i. 253, 256 Deptford, iii. 275, 391, 397, 419 ; v. 5, 8, 9, 212 Desertion in the fleet, i. 60, 127, 139,149,15°, 200; ” 247,383 I iii. 274 ; iv. 218 Dethick, Capt., i. 186 Devereux, Walter, i. 187, 205 Diaz, Bartholomew, iv. 243 5, 249 Dice shot, iii. 81 Dieppe, i. 247, 276, 364; iii. 49, 333; v. 26 Digby, Sir John, (i.) xxii, xxiii, xxix, xxxi Digby, Kenelm, iii. 224 Digby, Sir Kenelm, iii. 227 Dighton, Jane, (i.) vii Dingle bay, v. 174-5 Discipline, naval, i. 43, 149, 200, 235, 267, 285 ; ii. 72,197, 220-1, 237, 247, 248 ; iii. 387-8; iv. 200-1 Discoveries, Dutch, iv. 240, 285 English, ii. 292; iv. 186-7, 240, 242, 399-4°° French, iv. 425 Portuguese, iv. 184, 187, 236, 240-9, 252-8, 261-8, 403, 408 Spanish, iv. 184, 186-7, 234-6, 240-2, 268-70, 286-92, 321- 40, 400 Distillation at sea, ii. 72 Dockyards, English, officials of, iii- 393-7» 4*1-3, 4*5, 4*9 organized by Henry VIII., i. 6 private, v. 5 reduced to two by Elizabeth, i. 10 See also Portsmouth, Plymouth, Chatham, Medway Dogger Bank, v. 201 Dombes, Prince de, i. 276, 305 Dominica, i. 128 ; ii. 220, 322; v. 52 D’Oria, Andrea, i. 40 Derives, Juan. See Aribe, Juan DRUNKENNESS Dormer, Jane, Duchess of Feria, i. 131 Doughty, Thomas, i. 149; iv. 263, 276 Douglas, John, ii. 335 Downs, The, ii. 195, 270; iii. 27, 31, 38, 211 ; v. 8-n Downton, Capt. Nicholas, i. 310, 311 Drake, Sir Francis, at Armada, i. 152, 160, 164, 169 character of, i. 91; iv. 271 2, 275 childlessness of, ii. 297 ; iv. 274 Commissioner of Pillage, 1592, i. 294 death of, i. 314, 335-6, 338 ; iv. 274 disagreements with Hawkins, i. 325-6 Don Fernandez Duro on, iv. 274-5 Doughty conspires death of, iv. 263, 276 Elizabeth’s treatment of, i. ii, 21, 23 expedition to Portugal, 1589, i. 70, 177-81, 189-225 ; iii. 121; iv.197-200 faults as an admiral, i. 126, 149, 224, 321, 325-6, 332, 335; iii. 440; iv. 273, 275 off coast of Spain, 1587, i. 37-8, 136 51 ; ii. 228 ; iii. 127 places taken by, ii. 226, 228 plan of campaign in 1588, i. 59-61, 63-4, 68, 163 quarrel with Borough, i. 149-50 voyage round world, 1577-80, ii. 239; iv. 180, 190, 273-4, 276-8 voyage to W. Indies, 1585, i. 23, 28, 33-5, 121-34 ; ii. 226 ; iii. 135, 326 voyage to W. Indies, 1595, i. 77-9, 127, 312-40 ; ii. 209- 10, 226 ; iii. 326 want of care in victualling, i. 126-7, 325-6 ; iii. 440 Drake, Thomas, i. 124, 204, 312, Drake guns, iv. 39 Drunkenness among the troops in 1589, i. 224 338 MONSON’S TRACTS DRUNKENNESS Monson on, i. 106, 107 ; iv. 177 Raleigh on, i. 106 Ducat, value of, ii. 94, 340 Duddeley, Sir Robert, i. 341-2, 344> 357, 359; ii. 230; iii. 332-4 ; iv. 283 Duffield, Capt., i. 253 Dunkirk, (i.) xxxiv, 155, 157, 161, 171 ; ii. 191, 305 ; iii. 18, 26, 37, 39, 207, 230, 268-70, 272, 329, 336; iv. 100; v. 48 Dunkirkers, ii. 94, 113, 122, 149- 50, 190, 197-8, 394; iii, 27-30, 340-3; v. 37, 213-4 Dutch, The, at Islands Voyage, *597> ” 31, 4°> 52, 65-6, 70, 78 at Canaries, ii. 85, 99-100, 118 ; v. 106-18 appetite of, v. 247 at taking of Cadiz, i. 356, 361, 380, 392 ; ii. 4, 7, 8, 13 attempt to save Calais, i. 368 Baltic and Russian trade, v. 131, 231-3 discipline of, ii. 251 discoveries of, iv. 240, 285 how to prevent their fleet joining the French, v. 22-4 in Armada campaign, i. 47, 48, 52, 155, 165-6 ‘ insolencies of,’ iii. 23-41, 207, 214, 217, 220; iv. 397 Monson’s hatred of, ii. 66; iii. 215-8, 227; iv. 422-4; v. 118 refuse to strike their flags, i. 271-2 ; iii. 33-6, 41, 45, 51 ; iv, 121 their method of fighting at sea, iii. 96-7 treaty with France, 1635, iii. 221 2 virtues and vices of, iv. 421-3 voyages, ii. 239-40, 381 ; iv. 284-5, 349 West India Co., ii. 240 with Norreys and Drake, 1589, i. 185, 192, 193, 200 See also Fisheries, Netherlands, The Duyvenvoord, Jan van, i. 361 ; ii. 13, 40, 78, 133 ELIZABETH EADGAR, King, iii. 204, 246; iv. 130 East, The, a fatal quarter for England, v. 35 East coast seamen, quality of, v. 207 East India Company, Dutch, ii. 381; iv. 187-8 East India Company, English, i. 150 ; ii. 109, 293 ; iii. 369 ; iv. 180-1 ; v. 80-90 East Indies, ii. 239-40, 290, 291, 293 ; iv. 180-2, 187-8, 250-1, 256-61, 264-6, 383; v. 76-9 an overland route, v. 94-5 Portuguese settlements in, iv. 256 Easterlings, Hansa ships, i. 145, 180, 211, 216, 227, 231, 246, 259, 272-3 ; ii. 17, 74, 317, 392 ; v. 196, 314 Easton, Peter, iii. 70-1, 351, 377-9 Eboli, Princess of, i. 173 Edisbury, Kenrick, iii, 257, 408-9 Edmondes, Sir Thomas, ii. 115 6, 127; iii. 32, 77 Edward III., his navy, i. 4; iii. i93-9» 205; iv. 128-9 knowledge of strategical laws, i. 14-5 Edward IV. and Guinea voyages, v. 69 El Dorado, i. 342 Elizabeth, Queen, as a letter writer, ii. 48 death of, ii. 195, 287-8 declaims at Tilbury, i. 173 defective victualling of fleet, i. 67-8, 175 ; ii. 48 did not trust the navy, i. i, 2, 7, 8, 10, 12, 21, 72, 300, 301, 309 ; ii. 198 displeasure after Cadiz expedition, ii. 10 12 does not seek more territories, i- 36-7, 73-4; ii- 50 does not use the ships available, i. 85 fails to understand situation, i. 10, 20, 27, 35, 38, 62-3, 72, 86, 189, 244, 301 ; ii. 198 her shipbuilding, i. 8, 9 instructions to Drake, 1589, i. 70-1, 212 INDEX 339 ELIZABETH intrigues at court of, (i.) xxvii, 190, 191, 217, 329, 3?i. 395 ; ii. 10 naval and military expenditure of, i. 10, 309; ii.. 90 naval policy of, i. 1-3, 7-14, 28, 35, 45, 71-5, 84-5, 143, 240, 245, 257, 319; ii- 17, 42, 93, 108, 172, 194; ii. 21-2 neglect of seamen and soldiers, i. ii opinion of lawyers, i. 206 opportunism of, i. n over-estimates power of Spain, i. 2, 13, 72, 77, 244, 319-20, 371 ; ii. 108 Ralegh says ‘ did all by halves,’ i. 21 reliance on diplomacy, i. 12, 23, 57, 161 ; ii. 94, 198 responsible for failure in 1589, i. 223-4 uninspired caution of, ii. 17, 198 vacillation of, i. 27, 28, 56-7, 61, 140, 143, 162-3, 319 , waiting policy, i. 12, 40, 56, 61, 161 ; ii. 93-4, 109, 118 Elizabethan voyages, centres of political intrigue, i. 329 profit from, ii. 229-31, 245-6, 296-7 ; iii. 326-7 Elliot, Capt., ii. 262 Embargoes, Elizabeth’s, i. 162, 244; ii. 102 King of Spam’s, 1585, i. 23, 121-2, 125 King of Spain’s, 1588, i. 153 Emden, iii. 228, 231 Enciso, Martin de, iv. 329, 333 English, The, know how to conquer but not to hold, ii. 5 Erizo, James, i. 124 Escott, George, iii. 351 Escudo de Veragua, i. 335 Espanola, i. 128-9 ‘, ii- 226-7, 336 ; iv. 289, 320-1 Essex, Robert Devereux, Earl of, after taking of Cadiz, ii. 2-10, 12, 44-5 appointed to relief of Calais, i. 369-71 . 374; iv. 123 as a strategist, (i.) lix, 80-2, 372; . .. ii- 53, 55, 67 FAVOURITES character of, i. 92, 373 ; ii. 28, 53, 65, 67, 130 death, ii. 130 Earl Marshal of England, ii. 92 expedition to Cadiz, 1596, i. 79-8o, 344-95 ; ii-1-13, 228 ; iii. 128, 144-6, 160, 163, 164, 327 expedition to Portugal, 1589, i. 177, 190, 193, 205-6, 222 fall of, (i.) xvi, xvii; ii. 130 fondness for creating knights, ii. 4-5, 72, 130; iii. 265-6 Islands Voyage, 1597, ii. 21-83, 228 ; iii. 125, 441 Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, ii. 97-8, 141-2 made Master of the Ordnance, ii. 45 negotiations with France, i. 364 patron of Monson, (i.) xv policy in 1596, i. 80 i prefers land service, i. 80; ii. 81 quarrels with Raleigh, i. 191, 373 ; ii- 45-6 reconciliation with Ralegh and Cecyll, i.- 373, 387 ; ii. 9, 45, 55,64,92 strained relations with Howard, i- 374-5, 378, 382-3, 389, 395 ; ii. 81 suspects weakness of Spain, i. 13 Estrade, Pedro, ii. 299-308 Europe, length and breadth of, iv. 346-7 Evasion in naval warfare, i. 65, 257 ; ii. 18, 119, 145 Evesham, John, i. 193 4, *99 Exercise, physical, Monson on, i. 107, 108 FAIRLIGHT DOWN, ii. 305 Fajardo, Luis, i. 202 ; iii. 345 Falmouth, i. 170, 193, 259 ; ii. 75-7, 267, 278 ; iii. 179-80 ; iv. 134, 161 Family love, Monson on, i. in, 114, H5 Faro, i. 202 ; ii. 7, 228 ; v. 60 Faroes, The, v. 279, 294 Favourites, royal, iii. 13, 285-8 340 MONSON’S TRACTS FAYAL Fayal, i. 227, 229, 232, 233, 237, 241, 249 ; ii. 24, 62-3, 228 ; iii. 125 ; v. 175 Felipotes, i. 322-3 Fenner, Capt. Edward, i. 64, 152, 160, 242 Fenner, Capt. George (senior), i. 242, 253, 256, 303, 304 ; ii. 38, 49,88 Fenner, Capt. George (junior), ii. 44» “5 Fenner, Capt. Thomas, at Portugal expedition, 1589, i. 177, 183, 196, 201 at the Armada, i. 64, 152, 160 with Drake in 1585, i. 124 with Drake in 1587, i. 136-8, 139, 147, 149 Fenner, Capt. William, i. 64, 152, 160, 177, 185, 196 Fenton, Capt. Edward, i. 152, 154. 159, 242; iv. 180, 190, 282 Feria, Count of, i. 315 Fernandez, Manoel, story of, v. 154-62 Fernandez, Simon, i. 242-3 Fernandina. See Cuba Feme, Sir John, iii. 70, 106 Ferrol, i. 244, 356 ; ii. 9, 22-3, 32, 33-7» 43» 47> 53-6* 58, 74, 8o> 377; v. 59 Fire, precautions against, iv. 8-9, 86-7, *97’*99, 215 Fire-arrows, iv. 34 Fire-pikes, iii. 44 Fire-ships, i. 157, 219; ii. 47, 58, .133, 306 ; iii. 148, 205 ; v. 151 Fireworks, i. 310 ; iv. 9, 44, 206-7, 210-11, 226 ; v. 147 Fish days, v. 200, 249 Dutch tax on imported, v. 249 quantity exported by English, v. 207 quantity sold by Dutch, v. 231-2 quantity sold by English, v. 232 staple districts suggested for sale of, v. 249-52 strange, v. 282-3 Fisheries, assist auxiliary trades, v. 252-3 African, v. 277 Dutch North Sea, iii. 271-3 ; FLAGS V. 194, 196-7, 199, 200, 204- 9, 212, 227, 232, 237-8, 247, 308-9 Dutch power founded on, v. 207, 241, 311 their profits from, v. 207, 209, 271-2 their system of fishing, v. 237-8 their trade in fish to Mediterranean, v. 234-6, 271-2 English North Sea, v. 194-8, 200-2, 206, 210 advantages of situation, v. 247-9 exports of fish from, v. 207 have sufficient money to establish, v. 243 ignorance of value of, v. 225-6 French, v. 275, 281 Greenland whale, iii. 236 ; iv. 186, 188-9 ; v. 284, 312 in Newfoundland, i. 33, 258, 260 ; ii. 319, 390; iv. 399, 401; v. 201, 233, 280-1 interference with English, by French, iii. 19, 22; v. 164, 274 Monson’s interest in, (i.) xliv; iv. 397 Monson writing on, (i.) xlvi, xlvii, 119 more profitable than the Spanish West Indian trade, v. 226-31 of Northern Europe, v. 279 Scotch, v. 197, 204, 255, 257 Spanish, v. 202, 276-7 utility to pirates, iii. 70, 71; v. 292-3, 294, 296 Fishermen, harmless and hardworking, v. 292-3 Fishing boats, iii. 314 French, iii. 19 ; v. 164 licences, iii. 22, 271 3 ; v. 195 6, 198-9, 203, 208, 261, 274 number of, English, v. 210, 212, 280 number of, Scotch, v. 212 Fishing Company, The, v. 206, 208, 210-15 Flags, Admirals’, iv. I, 122 7, 197, 209 ‘ Ancients/ iv. ii, 90, 196 INDEX FLAGS counterfeit colours, i. 231 ; iv. 6, 126, 127; v. 138 Earl of Southampton’s, ii. 27 for distinguishing squadrons, i. 360; ii. 74; iii. no; iv. 1-2, 9, 88, 197, 209; v. no for signalling, i. 376; iii. 152, 352; iv. 5, n, 88, 195-7 ‘ Honour’ of the, i. 272, 286, 298; iii. 33-5, 45-55, 225, 276, 366 ; iv. 6, 119-22 in port, iv. 199 menacing death, i. 130 of Lord High Admiral, iv. 123, 125 of truce, ii. 68 on the bowsprit, iv. 209 pendants, iv. 209 salutes with, i. 271-2 ; iii. 33-6, 41, 109, 276; iv. 119- 25, 126-7 Spanish, iv. 84, 88, 131 the ‘ British’ flag, iv. 11 the ‘ English ‘ flag, iv. 196 the St. George, iv. 122 the Standard, iv. 123 under the poop, ii. 161; iv. 126 Fleet formations, i. 54,185-6, 339 ; ii. 74, 302 ; iv. 8, 9, 97-9, 156, 204-6 Fleet orders, 1589, iv. 197-200 Fleets, relation of, to ports, i. 14, 28, 37, 40, 74, 76-7, 133, 147, 208, 223, 331, 372, 386 ; ii. 20, 47, 50 ; iii. 134 how they may evade or catch an enemy, v. 137-8 Fleming, Denis, iii. 257 Flemyng, Capt. Thomas, i. 154, 170, 347 ; ii. 87, 97, 125, 126, 169, 211, 217 Fletcher, Capt. John, iii. 252 Flicke, Capt. Robert, i. 139, 141, 142, 205, 261, 267, 283 ; ii. 211, 217 Flores (Azores), i. 261-6, 289-91 ; ii. 62, 225 Flores de Valdes, Diego, i. 53, 54, 154, 156, 168, 174; iii. 281, 440 ; iv. 191-2, 282 Flores de Valdes, Pedro, i. 168-70, 247 ; ii. 153, 302-3 ; iii. 125 Florida, i. 132; ii. 226; iv. 188, 240, 323-4, 400, 402-3, 429-31 FRENCH Florida Channel, ii. 334, 338 Florin, Jean, ii. 321 Flota warfare, object and merits of, i, 3, 20, 24-7, 34, 35, 39, 69, 70, 75, 80-1, 84, 86, 249, 251, 257, 300, 301, 353, 363; ii- 55> 79, 82, 219, 225, 309, 321, 371 ; iii. 141, 175 ; v. 53-6 Flotas, The. See Plate Fleet Flushing, i. 48, 53, 141 ; iii. 229- 3°> 335 ; iv. 113 ; v. 35, 42, 44, 48 Flyboats, i. 185, 192-4, 322-3; ii. 305 Flyboats, double, i. 255 Fogge, Capt. Richard, iii. 224, 252 Fortescue, George, i. 124 Fortescue, Capt. William, ii. 84, 87 Forts as obstacles to the passage of ships, i. 179, 220-1, 223 ; ii. 35, 67 ; v. 139, 148 Fox, Capt Luke, iv. 419 France aids Don Antonio, 1582, i. 247-8 ally of England, i. 71, 243; ii. 43 commercial treaty with Spain, 1604, iii. 329 concerning war with, i. 89; v. 16-19, 22-5 England’s maritime rival, i. 14 harbours of, v. 25-30 ‘ inveterate malice’ of, ii. 43 naval disadvantages of position, iv. 168 ; v. 8, 24-5 Parma invades in 1590, i. 71, 257, 304, 305 peace with Spain, 1598, ii. 90-92 plantations of, iv. 425-33 rivalry with Spain at sea, iv. 184-93 their marine inferior to ours, v. 16 Francis I. (of France), i. 19; ii. 321 ; iv. 426 Frankly n, Capt. Nich., i. 304 Freight, cost of, i. 272 ; v. 313 French navy, English jealousy of, ii. 100; v. 23 in time of Francis I., i. 19 merchant marine, i. 275 ; ii, 91, 188, 248, 392 342 MONSON’S TRACTS preceded the English in the West Indies, i, 19, 29, 129; ii. 321 Frias, Duque de, Constable of Castile, (i.) xxiv; iii. 24, 25, 26, 77, 329 ; v, 190 Friendship, Monson on, iii. 3-4 Frisland, v. 279 Frobiser, Sir Martin, at the Armada, i. 63, 64, 152, 159- 60, 161, 164 attempts to find the N.W. Passage, iv. 368, 372-3, 419 cruising in 1589, i. 71, 237-9 death of, i. 309 knighted by Howard, i. n Monson’s letter to, ii. 376-8 pretended offer of help to Philip, i. 141 refuses to go to sea in 1587, i. 148 strategical views of, i. 63, 75 takes the Spanish fort at Brest, I594> i- 303-4. 308-9 voyage of 1585, i. 121, 124, 131 voyage of 1590, i. 71, 240-52 ; iv. 228-32 voyage of 1592, i. 278-9, 281, 286-7, 292; ii. 376 Frobiser, Martin (junior), i. 242 Fuentes, Count of, i. 211 GALES, how fortunate for England, ii. 19 Galleasses, i. 261 ; iv. 101 Galleons, i. 261 ; ii. 320 Galley (cook-room), iv. 58 Galleys, advantages of, i. 119; iii. 89, 134, 148; iv. 104, 115 armament of, i. 386; ii. 156; iv. 101, 103-4 benefit of sending rogues and thieves to, iv. 107-8, 118 built for English navy, ii. 121-2, 190 ; iv. 108-9 cost of Spanish, iv. 72 crews of, iv. 108, 116-7 fighting value against ships, i. 144-6 ; ii. 193 >* iv- 102-5 fittest place in England for, iv. 115-6 food and clothes in the, iv. 71, no-i, 116 GOMEZ how to raise money for, iv. 117-8 in the Channel, ii. 109 ii, 191 2 ; iv. 99, 113-5 names of those at Cezimbra, ii, 163 prisoners in, iv. 101, in proper use of, iv. 100, 111-3, 115 slaves liberated by Drake, 1585, i. 133 Spanish galley divisions, i. 42 ; iii. 131 story of a galley slave, v. 168-70 stowage capacity, ii. 105 use in ocean fleets, i. 261 ; iii. 126 ; iv. 112 use in Mediterranean, i. 42, 146 Galleyzabras, i. 245, 249, 257; iii» 319 Gama, Francisco da, ii. 162, 385 Gama, Vasco da, iv. 244 9 Gaming, Monson on, i. no Garay, Francisco de, iv. 324 5 Garbanzos, iv. 71 Garland, , i. 230 ; ii. 181 ; v, 179 Gasca, Pedro de la, iv. 305-11 Gates, Sir Thomas, iv. 404 Gawdy, Philip, i. 259 Geere, Sir Michael, iii. 168 Genoa, iii. 101, 119, 131-2; iv. 76 Generals, Elizabeth’s, limited authority of, i. 62-3 ; ii. 49, 83 Gentleman, Tobias, v. 207, 236 Gentlemen captains, ii. 197, 200, 366 ; iii. 435 ; iv. 14, 152, 157 Geometrical pace, iv. 28, 37 Gerard, Sir Thomas, i. 350, 361, 390, 391; ii. 104 Gerbrandtsen, Jan, i. 361 Gianibelli, ii. 103 Gifford, Sir George, i. 281, 344, 360 Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, iv. 362, 427 Gilbert, Sir John, ii. 21, 39, 84, 87 Gilman, Ed., i. 124 Gioia, Flavio, iv. 27 Goa, iii. 369; iv. 256-7 Goeree, The, iii. 229-30 ; v. 47, 48 Gold and silver, imports into Spain, 1585-1603, ii. 339^-40 Gold, due to the sun’s heat, iv. 251 Gomez, Estavao, iv. 369-70 INDEX 343 GONDOMAR Gondomar, Conde de, ii. 166; iv, 120; v. 170 Gonson, Benjamin, iv, 108 Gonson, Benjamin (junior), i. 135, 159 Gore, Capt Walter, i. 177, 184 ; ii. 89, 115, 123, 126, 128, 151, 168, 194, 196 Goree (Africa), v. 129 Gorges, Sir Arthur, i< 264; ii. 39, 41, 42, 46, 56-7, 71 Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, ii. 49, 55 Gorges, Sir Thomas, ii. 367 Gorges, William, i. 176 Goring. See Gore, Walter Governors, How to elect, iii. 300-2 Gower, Walter, i. 160 Graciosa, I. of, i. 228-32, 233 ; ii. 24, 62, 66, 228, 255-6 ; v. 185 Gravelines, ii. 80 ; iii. 25, 36-7, 33°* 335 » iv’ I0° J v, 4$ Gray, John, i. 160 Gray, Thomas, i. 159 Greenhithe, v. 8, 9 Greenland whale fishery, iii. 236; iv. 188-9; v. 284 Grenades, iv. 34, 44 Grenville, Sir Richard. See Greynvile Greville, Sir Fulke, i, 214; ii. 84, 87, 103, 105, 149, 175, 176, 184, 249, 381; iv. 140 Grey, Lord, i. 248 ; ii. 267 Greynvile, Sir Richard, i. 148, 253-5, 259» 263-6; ii« 267; iii. 440; v. 172 Grouais Island, ii. 191 ; v. 29 Grove, Thos., i. 242, 359 ; ii, 66, 73 Groyne, The. See Corufia Guadalupe, i. 327-8; v. 53 Gualle, Francisco de, iv. 381, 386 Guaras, Antonio de, iii. 50 Guast, Pierre du, iv. 427 Guiana, i. 342-3; iv. 405; v. 68 Giiicciardini on Philip’s policy, i. 371 Guinea, iv. 240, 243, 250-1, 407-8; v. 67-75, 99, 101-2, 130, 277 Guinea Company, v. 75 Gulf Rock, iii. 361; (v.) xii Gunfleet Sands, v. 34 Gunners,!. 319; ii. 241, 324;’iii. 374. 396, 414 ; iv. 33-5, 229 HARWICH Gunnery, inferiority of Spanish, i. 386-7 ; ii. 324-5 superiority of the English, i. 50 54, 203 ; ii. 307 stores, i. 51 ; ii. 241-3 ; iii. 44; iv. 34, 42-4 Gunpowder, i. 175; iv. 42-3 Spanish, inferiority of, i. 386 Guns, captured in 1585, i. 133 captured in 1589, i. 202 cos: of, iv. 45 details concerning, i. 203; ii. 252, 323-4; iv. 35-45, 49, 259 export of English, i. 31 ; iv. 45 lack of, in 1589, i. 181, 203, 224 of cast iron, i. 31 ; iv. 37 Spanish, do not traverse, v, 147 See also Armaments Gutierrez de Garibay, Juan, i, 315, 336 ; ii. 66, 67 ; iv. 73 i Gutierrez Flores, Pedro, i. 381, 392 ; ii. 6 Guzman, Don Juan de, i. 129 Gyles, Capt. Edward, iii. 106 HABERDINE, iv. 56 Hake, v. 274, 277 Hakluyt, Richard, iv. 391 Halls, Sir James, i. 187 Hampton, John, i. 289, 290 Hansa Fleet. See Easterlings Hansa League, i. 31, 32, 272, 273, 275 Harbours, defence of, v. 146, 151 Harbours of Barbary, v. 61 Harbours, Dutch and Flemish, iii. 228-31 ; v. 47-8 Harbours, English, ii. 267 70, 276-80 ; iv. 159-64, 167, 169 Harbours, French, iv, 168; v, 25-30 Harbours, Irish, iv. 166-7, x ^9 Harbours, Portuguese, v. 59-60 Harbours, Scotch, iv. 164-6, 171-2 Harbours, Spanish, v. 56-9, 60 Harris, John, i. 160 Harvey, Capt. Gawen, ii. 87, 125 Harvey, Sir Wm., ii. 21, 39, 84, 87 Harwich, i. 293 ; ii. 268 ; iv. 134, 163 ; v, 15, 33 344 MONSON’S TRACTS HATTON Hatton, Sir Chr., i. 58 Havana, The, i, 23,36, 78,132,249, 253> 266, 339, 367; ii, 338, 339 ; iv. 73, 325 ; v. 49 Havre, i. 169, 214, 231 ; ii. 302 ; iii. 208 ; iv. 124 ; v. 27 Haultain, Admiral (Dutch), iii. 22, H3 Hawkridge, Capt., iii. 337-8, 364 Hawkyns, Sir John, as an administrator, i. 31; ii. 248 asserts that one English ship can beat four Spaniards, iv, 67 at the Armada, i. 63-4, 152, 159, 163, 164 death of, i. 314, 328; iv. 139 disagreements with Drake, i. 325-6 his will, i. 329-30 in declining health, (i.) xiii knighted by Howard, i. ii , Navy Treasurer, ii. 248 ; iii. 391, 426; iv. 108, 139, 141 pretended offer of help to Philip, i. 141 scheme of offence against Spain, i. 39, 40, 63-4, 71, 83, 86 voyage of 1590, i. 71, 240-52 voyage of 1586, i. 134-5 voyage of 1595, i. 77-9, 127, 312-40 Hawkyns, Sir Richard, as viceadmiral of Devon, iii. 345 at Algiers expedition, 1620-1, iii. 105, 106-7, 109 at the 1585 voyage, i. 124 at the Armada, i. 152, 159 at the 1590 voyage, i. 240, 242 his legitimacy, ii. 297 his ‘ Observations/ i. 252, 264 ; ii. 247 on boarding, i. 282 on condition of Spain in 1598, ii. 94 on Spanish navigation, ii. 329 prisoner of Spaniards, i. 321 ; ii. 66-7, 185-6 ; iv. 281 voyage to South Sea, iv. 281, 348-9 Hawkyns,, Wm., i. 124 Hebrides, The, v. 257, 319-22 Heemskirk, Jacob van, v. 107 Henry V., his navy, i. 4, 5 HOWARD his knowledge of strategical laws, i. 14-16 Henry VII. and the navy, i. 5 ; iii. 433 Henry VIII., as strategist, i. 17, 18 disasters to his navy, ii. 265-6 Elizabeth owed her success to his naval policy, i. 5, 6 fortifies the coasts, iii. 368, 392 his organization of the Navy, i. 5, 6, 267; iii. 425-6, 428; iv. 151 his treaty with Ferdinand of Aragon, i. 17 Irish policy, ii. 137 Henry III. of France, i. ii, 243, 245, 247 Henry IV. of France, i. 135, 231, 243, 276, 305, 306, 309, 362-4, 368-70; ii. 43, 44, 82, 90-2, 101, 116-7, I7 X ~2, I97> 390 ; hi. 51, 329 Herlle, William, his accurate description of Spain in 1585, i, 20 Hermann, Wolfert, ii. 381 Hernandez, Francisco, (de Cordova), iv. 326 Herrings, v. 194, 227, 255-6 Hertford, Earl of, iii. 32-3, 45, 77 Hill, Philip, iii. 252 Hinojosa, iv. 306 Holland, ‘ How to war upon,’ i. 88, 119; v. 31-41. See also Netherlands; Fisheries Holstein, Ulric, Duke of, iii. 331 Honduras, i. 33 ; iv. 326-7 Honeycomb, iv. 43 Horta, i. 74, 232 ; ii. 63-5 Hospital ships, iii. 105-7 Hospitality, Monson on, i. 112 Hospitals, seamen’s, ii. 252 Howard, Charles, Earl of Nottingham, arrests Essex, ii. 130 as Lord High Admiral, i. 374; ii. 246 ; iv. 140 at Cadiz expedition, 1596, i. 344-95 at Faro, 1596, ii. 7 at the Armada, i. 152, 155, 159, 162, 165, 169; iii. 208 attitude to the Algiers expedition, (i.) xxxvii, xxxviii INDEX 345 HOWARD created Earl of Nottingham and Lord Steward, ii. 92; iii. 169 creates knights at Cadiz, ii. 4-5 death and burial of, (i.) xxxvii denounces slackness of Elizabeth’s preparations, i. 57, 60, 8? his instructions in 1588, i. 61-4, 66 in command of land forces, 1599, ii. 103 Monson’s connection with, (i.) xvii, xviii Monson’s letters to, ii. 380-3 ; iii. 330-1,336-8,341-6,349-50 naval policy in 1588, i. 62-5 personal attraction of, i. 43, 165, 379 proceedings previous to arrival of Armada, i. 162-4 strained relations with Essex, i. 347-8, 352, 354-5, 374~5, 378, 382-3 ; ii. 3, 8-10, 81 surrender of office of Lord High Admiral, (i.) xliii Howard, Capt. Charles, i. 161 Howard, Sir Edward, i. 17-18, 37; ii. 266 ; iii, 425 Howard, Frances, Lady Somerset, (i.) xxv, xxxii Howard, Sir Francis, (i). xxxvi; ii. 194, 196 ; iii. 56, 58 Howard, Henry,Earl of Northampton, connection with the Overbury murder, (i.) xxxii death, (i.) xxxi, xxxii in Spanish pay, (i.) xxi, xxii, xxix Monsbn’s connection with, (i.) xvii, xx; v. 191 Warden of Cinque Ports, iii. 341 Howard, Henry, Lord Maltravers, iii. 365-7 Howard, Lord Thomas, Earl of Suffolk, at Cadiz expedition, 1596, i. 344, 348, 355, 359, 365-6, 389-90 ; ii. 8 at Islands Voyage, 1597, ii. 21, 25, 38, 49, 5i-2, 54, 64-5, 78 at the Armada, i. 152, 159 character of, (i.) xxiv, xliii; ii. 65 created Earl of Suffolk, (i.) xxiv in naval command in 1599, ii. 84, 87, 105 V. INSTRUCTIONS Monson’s connection with, (i.) xviii; ii. 148 voyage to the Azores, 1591, i. 72, 253-68 Howard of Effmgham, Lord, iii. 35, 50 Howard, Thos., Earl of Arundel, iii. 77, 365 Howard, Wm., Viscount Stafford, iii. 366 Hudson, Henry, discoveries of, iv. 36i, 373-4, 384-5 Huntly, Colonel, i. 201 Hurleston, Richard, i. 196 IDIAQUEZ, Juan de, i. 171 ; ii. 15 Idlers, iv. 61, 196 Indies, Great and Little, v. 79 Initiative in war, advantage of, i. 21, 34, 69, 72, 73 Instructions, essentials of, i. 71 Instructions, by Commission of 1589 for use in port, iv. 197- 200 Earl of Lindsey’s, to his captains in 1635, iv. 3-12 for Cadiz voyage, 1596, i. 79, 366-7 ; ii. ii for protecting coast, 1597, ii. 78 for the fleet of 1596, i. 375-6 in Armada campaign, i. 57-9, 63, 66, 163 Monson for fleet, 1603 (?), iv. 194-7 Padilla’s, for Spanish fleet, iv. 79-89 to Capt. Love, 1602, ii. 259-61 to Capt. Whiskynges, 1602, ii. 255-6 to Drake in 1587, i. 142-3 to Drake and Norreys in 1589, i. 70, 195-7 to Drake and Hawkyns, 1595, i. 324 to Essex in 1597, ii. 49-50 to Hawkyns in 1586, i. 135 to Hawkyns and Frobiser in 1590, i. 246 to Leveson in 1602, ii. 172, 374-5 to Leveson in 1603, ii. 196-7 to Lord Thos. Howard, 1591, i. 258-60 2 A 346 MONSON’S TRACTS INSTRUCTIONS to Lord Thos, Howard, 1599, ii. 105 to Mansell, 1620, iii. 107-9, 112 to Medina Sidonia, 1588, i. 50-2 to Monson in 1602, ii. 177-8, 186-7, 372-5 Wimbledon’s, for Cadiz expedition, 1625, iii. 151-4 Insurance, ii. 316, 318 Intelligence service, English, defective in Spain, ii. 106-8 how to provide, ii. 107, 253-62 Spanish, i. 126, 141, 163, 285, 377 Invasion, a port necessary for, i- 47-9, 53> 74, 7^~7 ‘> *• l8> 76 ; iii. 31, 131 ; iv. 100 ; (v.) xi Inventory, goods on the St. Valentine, ii. 341-53 Ireland, i. 83 ; ii. 16, 18, 52, 97, 119-20, 123-5, I27» *34-48> 196; iii. 70, 72, 73, 376-7 ; iv. 170-2 ; v. 201, 202 Irish, how Monson would pacify the, iv. 170 Spanish opinion of the, ii. 143 JACATRA, ii. 291 Jackman, Charles, iv, 418 Jamaica, i. 87 ; iv. 325 ; v. 120 James I., his neglect of the Elizabethan captains, iii. 10-14 Jealousy, Monson on, i. 114 Jenkinson, Anthony, iv. 417 Jiddah, iv. 356 ; v. 91 John, Don, of Austria, i. 171 ; iv. 102 John, King, and the navy, i. 15 ; iii. 46, 48, 187, 421 Jonas, Capt., ii. 84 Jones, Capt. William, ii. 170 Julio. See Stafford, Sir Edward Justice, Monson on, i. 112-3 Justin of Nassau, i, 165 ; ii, 82, no, in KENDALL, Abraham, iv. 393 Kettleby, Thos., iii. 224, 252 Kevill, Capt., ii. 230 Kholmogory, iv. 418 ; v. 132 Killigrew, Sir John, iii. 355~8 LEARNING King, Capt. Wm., i. 242, 344, 358, 360; ii. 44 King’s Merchant, The, iii. 392, 410 Kinnersley, Monson’s home at, (i.) xxx, xxxvii, 1, Hi Kinsale, ii. 143-8 Kirke, Sir Elias, iii. 252 Kirke, Henry, iv, 188 Kirke, Capt. Lewis, iii. 224, 252 Kirke, Capt. Thos., iii. 224, 252 Knevet, Catherine, (i.) xviii Knights, creation of, ii. 4, 5 ; iii. 264-6 Knollys, Capt., i. 124 Knollys, Sir Francis, i. 193 ; ii. 267 Knotsford, Capt., ii. 221 Knyvet, Capt. Thos., iv. 124 LAGOS, i. 147, 354; ii. 3, 7, 8 ; v. 60 Lambert, John, ii. 262, 319 ; iv. 75 Lancaster, Capt. James, ii. 293, 294 ; iv. 180-3 Landguard, iv. 134 ; v. 15, 150 Lane, Capt., ii. 229 Lane, Ralph, i. 186, 199 ; ii. 267; iv. 402 Langrel shot, iv, 34 Langton, Capt. James, i. 341 ; ii. 228 Lansdowne, Lord, fatuous question by, ii. 251 ; iv. 150 Lanzarote, ii. 212, 219, 227 La Plata, River, iv. 338-40 La Rochelle, i. 135, 247 Las Casas, Bartholomew de, iv. 336-7 Las Palmas, i. 127, 326-7 ; ii. 220; v. no, 115 Last, of gunpowder, i. 176 of tonnage, v. 238 Laud, Archbishop, (i.) xlix; iii, 371 Laudonniere, Rene de, iv. 429 30 Law, International, i. 22, 273 ; iii. 55 Laws, the, Monson on, i. 113 Lawyers, Elizabeth’s opinion of, i, 206. See also Monson, Sir Wm, League (distance), i. 261 ; ii. 329; iii. 170; iv. 159-61, 166, 346 League, The (political), i. 226, 231, 297, 3°3> 305, 306, 363 Learning, Monson on, i. 104, 105 INDEX 347 LE CARON Le Caron, Sir Noel, ii. 116, 117, 336-7 Leeward Islands, ii. 338 Legatt, Capt., ii. 16, 377 L’Heremite, Jacob, iv. 285 Leith, iii. 56, 321 Lennox, Duke of, v. 205, 208 Lensen, Cornelius, i. 361 Lepanto, battle of, i. 140, 185 ; ii. 181 ; iv. 97, 102 ; v. 179 Lerma, Duke of (Marquis of Denia), ii. 99 Lery, Jean de, iv. 431 Letters, insecurity of, iii. 368 Leveson, Sir Richard, alleged disaffection of, (i.) xix-xx; v. 189 at Cadiz expedition, 1596, i. 358 at Islands voyage, 1597, ii. 21, 39 at sea in 1603, ii. 194-7 in the Channel, 1598, ii. 96 in the Downs, 1599, ii. 84, 87, 89 Monson’s connection with, (i.) xvii, xix on the coast of Spain, 1602, i. 84; ii. 151-63, 167-9, 171, 175-6, 184, 257-9, 374-5 opposes Spanish invasion of Ireland, 1601 ; ii. 123-4, I2^» 143-6 the capture of the St. Valentine, (i.) xviii; ii. 154-63, 175-6, 354, 359; v. 171, 186 Vice-Admiral of England, (i.) xxi; iii. 426 Voyage to the Azores, 1600, i. 83 ; ii. 112-4, 120-1 Lewis, Isle of, iv. 165 ; v. 205, 210, 212-3, 255, 257-60, 300 Leycester, Robert Dudley, Earl of, i. 58, 163, 172, 173, 188 Leyva, Don Alonso de, i. 166; ii. 302 Liar, The ship’s, iv. 60 Lieutenant of the Admiralty. See Vice-Admiral of England Lieutenants, iv. 16 Lieutenants of fleets of 1635 and 1636, iii. 223-4, 252 Light Horseman, iii. 353 Lighthouses, (i.) xlv, xlvii; iii. 355-62 LUCAYAS Lights at sea for deception, v. 138 Lights, harbour, v. 143 Lincoln, Earl of, iii. 186, 188 Lindsey, Capt. Peter, iii. 224, 252 Lindsey, Robert Bertie, Earl of, commands fleet in 1635, iii. 52, 223-7, 253, 260-6, 276 ; iv. 141 ; v. 165 directed to take English seamen out of foreign ships, iii. 225 ; iv. 7 instructions to captains in 1635, iv. 3 12 Monson’s friendship with, (i.) xlix ‘ Line/ The, iv. 184 Linschoten, Huyghen van, i. 72, 213, 232-4, 248, 249, 265, 266 Lisbon, i. 42, 70, 82, 133, 143, 146- 7, 150, 161, 167, 178-9, 187, 191, 192, 196, 199, 205, 207- 10. 217-21, 223, 244, 377-8 ; 11. 99, 172, 185, 218, 225, 377, 392 ; iii. 121-3 ; iv. 73-5 ; v. 53, 60, 140, 153 Alva’s capture of, i. 208 Monson a prisoner at, (i.) xi, 157, 270; ii. 376; v. 153-7. 165-6, 171-2 Lister, Capt., (i.) xi, 226, 227, 229, 230, 234, 235, 237; v, 175-6 Lizard, light at, (i.) xlv ; iii. 355- 62 not a landfall, iii. 356 Load-lines, ii. 313 Loadstone, discovery of, iv. 27 Loaysa, Garcia de, iv. 269 Lobo, Don Diego, ii. 160, 164-7 Lobo deMeneses, Ruy Diaz, i. 210 Locke, Caleb, (i.) Ivi Locke, John, (i.) Iv-lvi London, city of, aid given by, 1588-1603, iii. 234-5 citizens, agreement of 1592 with the Queen, i. 283, 295 contingent from, in 1596, i. 363 defence of, 1599, ii. 103-7 Look-out men, iv. 21, 83, 194-5, Lords, Monson on, i. no Love, Capt. Thomas, iii. 105 Love, Capt. William, ii. 259-61 Low Countries. See Netherlands Lucayas, The. See Bahamas 2 A 2 348 MONSON’S TRACTS Luna, Don Juan de, i. 201 Lundy island, iii. 350-1; iv. 164 Lynch, Wm., (i.) li MACHIN, Robert, iv. 242 Machine guns, iv. 36 Madagascar, iv. 410, 434-8 Madeiras, The, i. 215 ; iv. 242 Maelstroms, v. 289 Magellan, Ferdinand, voyage of, iv. 178, 262-8, 276, 371 Magellan, Straits of, i. 141 ; ii. 240, 331 ; iv. 190, 263 4, 268 9, 273,276,279,281-5, 348 Maldonado, Diego, i. 245 Mamora, ii. 259 ; iii. 70,145 ; v. 52, 61 Mannington, Ambrose, i. 160 Man-of-war, use of the word, iii. 63 Mansell, Sir Robert, Admiral of Channel guard, 1602, ii. 169, 191-2 at Cadiz expedition, i. 359 at Islands voyage, 1597, ii. 38 at Algiers expedition, iii. 99, 104, 105, 107-16 dishonesty of, iii. 104 5 in the Narrow Seas, 1601, ii. 128, 132, 352 on the Irish station, 1599, ii. 88 Treasurer of the Navy, (i.) xxi; iii. 104 ; iv. 140 treatise on fishing incorrectly attributed to, v. 211 Vice-Admiral of England, (i.) xlvii; iii. 104, 426 Mansell, Capt, Thomas, ii. 170 Manwaring, Capt. Arthur, iii. 105 Manwaring, Edmond, ii. 123, 126, 151, 168, 169, 335 Manwaring, Sir Henry, iii. 59, 7°> 252 Maps and charts, ii. 330-2 Marbecke, Dr. Roger, i. 378, 392 Marchant, Capt., i. 150 Mardike, iii. 230-1, 269 ; v. 48 Margarita, i. 302 ; ii. 219, 230 ; iii. 139 Mariners and sailors, difference between, ii. 235 Marque, Letters of. See Reprisal Marriage, Monson on, i. 113, 114 Martin, John, i. 124 MEETING Martinez de Recalde, Juan, i. 44, 52, 76, 146, 168 ; ii. 300, 302-4 Marvin, Sir Henry, iii. 252 Mary, Queen of England, and the navy, i. 7, 8 Mary, Queen of Scots, i. 8,140,141 Mason, Capt. John, iv. 142; v. 210 Massowah, iv. 356 Masters, 1589, i. 182-4 ; 1590, i. 242 ; 1596, i. 358-60 ; iii. 394 ; iv. 22-4, 153-7. 395, 398 Masters of the fleets of 1635 and 1636, iii. 223-4, 252 Masters, six principal, i. 290 ; ii. 66 ; iii. 393-4, 4* 1 Maunseder, Evan de, (i.) xxxiv Mauritius, v. 40-1 May, Henry, iv. 182-3, 404 May, Joseph, ii. 177, 183 Maynarde, Thomas, i. 321, 326, 334, 340 Mayne, Ann, (i.) Hi Measurements of Europe, Asia, and Africa, iv. 346-7 Mecca, iv. 356 Medici, Catherine de, i. 188, 247 Medina Sidonia, Duchess of, i. 173 Medina Sidonia, Duke of, as to his incompetence, i. 53-5, 166, 168 at the Armada, i. 49, 153, 166, 168 ; ii. 301-8 ; iii. 281 ; iv. 31 his instructions in 1588, i. 50-2, 54-6, 153, 169 his profit from the tunny fishery, v. 276 homecoming after Armada, i. 173-4 in Andalusia, 1596, i. 353, 379, 382, 393-4 ‘. ” 5-6 in command in 1587, i. 144, 174 Mediterranean Sea, description of, iv. 356-9 strategical conditions in the, iii. 131-4 trade of, iv. 412-5 Medway, River, i. 10, 47, 85, 90 ; ii. 195, 264 ; iii. 264; iv. 114, 194 ‘, v. 5-10 forts on, iii. 396 ; v. 13 how the Dutch may destroy the ships lying in the, v. 13-15 Meeting, directions for, iii. 443 ; iv. 218 INDEX 349 MEGALOPSYCHY Megalopsychy, (i.) liii Mendoza, Antonio de, iv. 378-9 Mendoza, Bernardino de, i. 22, 41, 60, 126, 139-41 ; ii. 317, 326 Mendoza, Fernando de, i. 291 Menendez de Aviles, Pedro, i. 47, 140 ; ii. 319 ; iv. 431 Menendez Marquez, Pedro, i. 249 Mennes, Sir John, iii. 224 Mennes, Capt, Thos., iii. 223 Merchant Adventurers, The, iv. 416 Mercceur, Due de, i. 245, 252, 303, 305-8 Mermaids, iv. 337 ; v. 287-8 Merritt, Capt. Hugh, i. 287 Merryweather, Capt. John, i. 304 Mesquita, Alvaro, iv. 370 Mexico, Conquest of, iv. 312-8 Meyricke, Sir Gely, ii. 13-4, 21, 38,63 Michelson, Capt., ii. 229 Middleton, David, ii. 230 Middleton, T., i. 317 Middleton, Capt. Wm., i. 262, 271 Milford Haven, ii. 16, 18, 268, 276-8 ; iv. 163, 169 Mina, Castle de la, ii. 377 ; iv. 243 I v. 49, 70-2, 75, 78, 162 Mobilization of 1599, ii. 85-6, 101-3, 133 ; iii. 248 Mo£os da Camera, ii. 162, 174; iv. 178, 258 Moleyns, Adam de, i. 16 Molucca Islands, ii. 291; iv. 237, 258, 265-9, 37i-2> 377 Moncada, Hugo de (Charles V.), iii. 132 Moncada, Hugo de (Philip II.), ii. 306 ; iii. 208 Monson, Jane, (i.) xxxvi Monson, Sir John (father of Sir Wm. Monson), (i.) vii, xiii Monson, John (son of Sir Wm. Monson), (i.) xl, xlv, Hi; iii. 367 Monson, Sir Robert, (i.) xiii, xx Monson, Robert, (i.) ix Monson, Sir Thomas, brother of Sir Wm. Monson, (i.) xvii his connection with the Overbury murder, (i.) xxxii influence of, (i.) xx trial and pardon of, (i.) xxxiii MONSON Monson, Sir Wm., about the Algiers expedition, 1620-1, iii. 79-98 advice to inexperienced commanders, iii. 277-82 arranges secret passage of Spaniards from England, iii. 17-8, 22, 270, 340 at Cadiz expedition, 1596, (i.) xv, 344, 348-51, 355, 357. 359, 382, 387, 388-9 ; iii. 128, 145; v. 172, 184 at capture of the St. Valentine, (i.) xviii; ii. 154-63, 175-6; iv. 113-4 » v> *86 at cruise of 1635, (i.) xlviii; iii. 223, 225, 365-73; iv. 142, 148 ; v. 165 at Oxford,’ (i.) viii, xiii at sea in privateers, (i.) viii x; iii. 43-4; iv. 92; v. 139, 151, 173-4 at sea in 1603, ii. 194-6 ; v. 189 attempts to establish Fishery Company, i. xliv; v. 207, 209, 211, 215, 236 blockade tactics, anticipates later, i. 89 ; v. 18-9 brings back Arabella Stuart, (i.) xxxvi; iii. 19, 43, 351-3 calls Dutch, rats, vermin, serpents, etc., v. 303-16 Catholic sympathies, (i.) xxix, 1 ; ii. 386-8 character, (i.) xxvi, xxvii, xli, xliii, Ix, 91 2, 387 coast of Spain, 1602, ii. 151 64, 168, 171-3, 177-90, 257-61, 372-5, 388-95; iv. 113-4; v. 140-1, 186-8 committed to Tower, (i.) xxxi, xxxiii ; iii. 23, 43 ; v. 297 compared with Drake, i. 91 considers himself insufficiently rewarded, i. 116 ; iii. 20, 43, 141 criticism of I. of Rhe journey, iii. 177 82 criticism of Wimbledon, 1626, iii. 150-74 death, (i.) Ii discourse of voyage of 1636, iii. 232-51 dismissed from navy, (i.) xxxi 350 MONSON’S TRACTS MONSON early life, (i.) vii employed against pirates, iii. 56-69, 72, 74 enters royal service, (i.) x estate, (i.) xxxi, Iii, 101 3, 105 exaggerated respect for power of Spain, i. 134, 221 ; ii. 79 Ferrol, attack of, ii. 33-7, 79-80 hatred of the Dutch, ii. 66; iii. 41, 215-7, 22 7, 3 11 ; iv- 397. 423 4; v. 107, 305 18, 325 6 his personal adventures, v. 165-6, 171-91 hypocrisy of, (i.) xxv-xxvi, xxviii xxix, xliii in command of Channel squadron, 1604 16, (i.) xxi, xxx; iii. 15-21, 24-44, 77, 328-55 in Parliament, (i.) xviii; ii. 148 in Spanish pay, (i.) xxi-xxiv in the Downs, 1599, ii- 84, 87 knighted, (i.) xv; ii. 4 letter to Frobiser, 1592, (i.) xi xii; ii. 376-8 letter to Lord Maltravers, iii. 365-7 letters to Ed. Nicholas, iii. 362-5 letters to Lords of Admiralty, iii. 372-5 letters to Nottingham, ii. 380- 3 ; iii. 330-1, 336-8, 34*-6, 349-50 letters to Salisbury, ii. 378-95 ; iii. 328-9, 332-6, 338-40* 346-7, 349-55 letters to Sir Francis Windebank, iii. 368-71 maintains that English superiority over Spain is in men rather than ships, iv. 66-70 marriage, (i.) xiii member of Commission of 1637, (i.) Ii on himself as an author, v. 301 on lawyers, i. 103 ; m. 238 on Medina Sidonia’s voyage, 1588, i. 65, 152-8 on value of fleets on Spanish coast, ii. 232-4 ; v. 53-4 on value of intelligence in war, i. 91-2 ; ii. 253 ; v. 152 on value of peace preparation for war, iii. 240, 245-6 MONSON on value of seamen to the State, iii. 385-6, 434-5 on value of shipping to the State, iii. 430-3 on vanity and luxury of the time, iii. 238-9 on war with France, i. 89; v. 16-9 on war with Holland, i. 88 ; v. 3I-4I pay of, iii. 20 persons whom he transported over the Channel, iii. 77 8 plagiarism, (i.) xlii; iii. 289 prisoner of Spaniards, (i.) xixii, 157, 270, 275 ; ii. 155, 163, 376; v. 153-9, 165, 168, 171 rapid promotion of, (i.) xiv-xv realizes value of the offensive in war, i. 87; ii. 151, 194, 233-4 iii. 214 ; v. 53-6 release from the Tower, (i.) xxxv says no profit in privateering, i. 229-31, 245-6 ; ii. 231 ; iii. 323-7 ; iv. 21 sees need of powerful fleets at sea, i. 86-7 ; ii. 380 ships in which he served, iii. 75-6 Southey’s opinion of, (i.) xxvi style in writing, (i.) Iv, 98; iii. 337 voyage of 1597, 11. 21, 25-9, 31, 39, 66-7; v. 141, 185-6 with Cumberland, 1589, i. 226, 237; iii. 359; iv. 32; v. i75-8o with Cumberland, 1591, i. 269- 70, 275; v. 180 with Cumberland, 1593, i. 297-9; v. 181-2 Monson, William (son of above), character of, (i.) xxxviii connection with Buckingham, (i.) xl death, (i.) Iii dedication of Book II. to, iii. 1-9 his father’s administrator, (i.) Hi marriage, (i.) xli; iii. 2 Member for Reigate, (i.) xli page in Nottingham’s family, (i.) xxxvi repulsed by James I., (i.) xxxix INDEX 35i MONSON selected to be favourite of James, (i.) xxxviii Monson peerage, (i.) liii Monson, the sixth Lord, (i.) Ixiii Monsoons, iv. 27, 253-4 Montejo, Francisco de, iv. 326 Montezuma, King of Mexico, iv. 313-6 Moone, Thomas, i. 124 Moor, Joost de, ii. 193 Moorish pirates, iii, 70-1, 83, 100-1, 103, 266-8, 273 ; iv. 359. See also Algiers Moors, i. 212, 301; ii. i, 2, 121; iii. 101, 112, 142, 144; iv. 406 Morgan, Capt. Win., i. 363 ; ii. 128 Morlaix, i. 307 Mountague, James, iii. 223 Mountjoy, Lord, ii. 21, 42, 47-9, 78, 103, 120, 124, 142-3, 146-8; iv. 123 Mounts Bay, i. 230, 323 ; iii. 359 Moura, Christovao de, i. 377-8; ii. 15, 165 Moyle, Henry, i. 359 ; ii. 97 Mozambique, iv. 245, 260; v. 76-9 Murray, Capt. David, iii. 224, 252 Muscovy Company, iv. 54, 355, 417 Musket arrows, i. 319 NARROW SEAS, The, England’s sovereignty of, iii. 48 ; iv. 125 navigation of, iv., 154-5 policing the, ii. 150, 197-8 See also Sovereignty of the Sea and Command of the Sea Narvaez, Pamphilo de, iv. 315-6, 324 Nassau fleet, ii. 239 ; iv. 284-5 Naval administration, abuses in, ii. 240 ; iii. 273, 380-4, 408-9 ; iv. 138-58 degeneration after the death of Hawkyns, ii. 133 ; iv. 139- 40 dockyard officials, iii. 393 7, 419 duties of civil officers, iii. 397 418 how far inefficient through the centuries, iv. 150-1 NAVY Office of Admiralty, i. 6; iii. 389 90, 421 9 pay of officials, iii. 390-7 Naval base for Spanish fleet, i. 47-9, 53, 76> 276, 3°5, 3°9, 322, 370; ii. 18, 75, 92; iv* 100 function of, for fleet action or for invasion, i. 37, 47, 49, 53, 74, 76-7, 322, 370; ii. 92; iii. 134, 147 ; (v.) xi, 74 Naval officers, effect of segregation, ii. 201 Naval strategy, Cecyll’s definition of, in 1601, ii. 146 employed by Philip for Armada, i. 5i-3 Essex on the two aims of, in 1597. ii- 55 Spanish opinions on, before the Armada, i. 29, 40 the art of, (i.) Iviii, 38, 51, 71 the ‘ Fleet in being/ i. 64-6 understood long before the Armada, i. 14-9 See also Elizabeth ; Flota Warfare ; Spain, War with; War Navigation, English knowledge of, empirical, iv. 154-5, 392, 398 foundation in Spain of School of, ii. 330 3 laws, i. 22; ii. 312, 316; iii. 432 ; v. 270 of harbours, iv. 159-73 of the Flotas, ii. 335-9 sailing directions, iv. 211-2 Spanish ignorance of, ii. 328-30 Tables of, &c., iv. 25-30 utility of lectures on, iv. 391-6 Navy Board, The, iii. 426 Navy, Clerk of the, iii. 257, 391, 397-4°2, 4°7-9, 4i7> 422, 425-6 Comptroller of the. See Comptroller office in Mincing Lane, iv. 144 Principal Officers of the, iii. 389- 9i, 397-408 ; iv. 141-5, 150 Surveyor of the. See Surveyor Treasurer of the, ii. 248; iii. 257, 391, 403-4, 416, 426 ; iv. 108, 139, 140 Navy Commissioners, The, iii. 397, 398, 402 352 MONSON’S TRACTS NAVY Navy, Merchant, bound to salute royal ships, iii. 50, 52, 54; iv. 121-2 ; and forts, iv. 134 Elizabeth’s employment of, i. 136-8, 142, 159, 162 expansion of, i. 19, 22, 182; ii. 288 ; iii. 187, 205, 237, 430 ; iv. 181 fighting value of, i. 182, 219; iii. 107, 275 ; iv,216 Proclamation of 1615 concerning, iii. 432 the 55. per ton bounty, i. 5, 31 ; ii. 317; iii. 431-3 the senior service, iv. 122 See also Ships named, Merchant Navy, The Royal, abuses in, ii. 236-52; iii. 273-5, 380-4; iv. 138-57, 228-32 compared with the Army, ii. 199-201 disasters in, ii. 263-6 division into squadrons, i. 185-7, 240, 246, 358-60 ; ii. 38-9 ; iii. 204 duties of Admirals and Captains, iii. 438-42 ; iv. 13-6 Edward III.’s navy, i. 4 ; iii. 193-7, 205 ; iv.128-9 effect on, of Civil War and Dutch wars, ii. 199 effect on, of Elizabethan war, ii. 199 Elizabeth not the founder of, i. i-3, 9, 12 growth of, i. 9 Henry V.’s navy, i. 4-5, 15-6 Henry VII.’s work for, i. 5 Henry VIII.’s organisation of, i. 5-6, 17-19, 267 ; iii. 421, 425-6, 428 ; iv. 151 in early times, i. 3-20; iii. 204 5, 246, 421; iv. 128 influences acting on, in seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, ii. 201, 250 manning of, ii. 40-1, 102, 241 ; iii. 275, 381; iv. 150-1, 228- 30 muster of ships and mariners, 1582, iii. 188-92 not greatly increased by Elizabeth, i. 7-9 not neglected by Mary, i. 7-8 NETHERLANDS pay and duties of subordinate officers, iii. 185-6, 396, 414; iv. 20, 22-4, 30-35, 45-6, 55-62 personal possession of the soveI reign, i. 28 ‘ project for the safety of H.M. navy and the convenience or inconvenience of keeping it at Chatham or Portsmouth/ v. 4-15 proposed annual Parliamentary grant for, iv. 176-7 punishments in, i. 139 ; iii. 436 ; iv. 130-1, 200-1, 203, 217 rates for seamen’s wages, 1626, iii. 185-6 ships built by King Charles, iii. ships built by King James, iii. 183 ships remaining at Elizabeth’s death, ii. 235-6 superiority over Spanish Navy, i. 46, 85 tunnage and poundage for, ii. 15° work of, during Elizabethan war, ii. 198 See also Seamen ; Ships, Royal Negroes, tariff for, in West Indies, ii. 311 Netherlands, The, carry on commerce with Spain during war, i. 192, 246, 269, 272 ; ii. 85, 91, 95; iii. 136, 330 ; v. 108 ceded to Archduke Albert, ii. 94 cost of Philip’s armies in, i. 251, 368 disadvantageous situation of, iii. 216 ; v. 32 Elizabeth assists against Spain, i. 20, 21, 126 Elizabeth offered the sovereignty of, i. ii Elizabeth’s treatment of her troops in, i. 36, 224 harbours, &c., iii. 227-31; v. 47-8 independence of, ii. 93 ; iii. 50-1 new treaty with England, 1598, ii. 93, 98 on war with, i. 88-90 ; iii. 31; v. 31 41 INDEX 353 NETHERLANDS the commercial war of 1654 with, i. 26 their part in the Spanish War, i- 47» 52, 53. 157. 243, 271-2, 361, 364-5. 367-8, 392; n. 4, 13, 40, 44, 62, 65, 75, 85, 91. 93i 95, 99> i°o» 117, 127, *33> J 52, 176, 178, 186, 193, 234, 251 ; iii. 50, 248 Nettings, ships’, ii. 324 ; iv. 221 Neutrals, situation of, in war, i. 275; ii- 392 New England, iv. 401 2 New Granada, iv. 335 Newcastle colliers, v. 39, 62-6 Newfoundland, colony of, ii. 292 ; iv. 349-50, 400 fisheries of, i. 33, 258, 260 ; ii. 319, 390 ; iv- 399> 4°i J v- 201, 233, 280-1 Newhaven. See Havre Newport, Capt. Christopher, i. 287-9 ; ii. 227, 229 Newport, Mr., iii. 364-5 Nicholas, Edward, iii. 276, 363-4, 409; v. 211 takes bribes, iii. 409 Nicuesa, Diego de, iv. 327-8 Nieuport, i. 161, 171; ii. 117, 127, 150 Nile, River, iv. 359 Nombre de Dios, i. 37, 78, 313-4, 332-4 ; ii. 322, 335, 337, 338 ; iii. 139 ; iv. 241, 275, 327-8, 441 ; v. 52, 121, 123 Norambega, ii. 293 ; iv. 402 ; v. 67 Norreys, Sir Edward, i. 177, 187, 196 Norreys, Sir Henry, i. 177 Norreys, Sir John, i. 70, 172, 177, 178, 189, 190, 195, 197, 203, 205, 209, 210, 215, 219, 225, 276, 277. 3°3. 3°5. 3°8 ; ii-I41 * 228, 267 Norreys, Sir Thomas, ii. 141, 142 Norreys, Capt, Thos., ii. 90, 170, 177. 183 North Pole, The, iv. 389-90; v, 291 North-East Passage, The, iv. 417-8 Northumberland, Earl of (Algernon Percy), acting Lord Admiral, iv. 141 PADILLA in command of fleet in 1636, iii. 252-60, 266-75 keeps his crews on board ship, iii. 258-60 makes knights, iii. 264-5 Monson’s friendship with, (i.) xlviii North-West Passage, The, iv. 318, 360-90, 419-20 Norton, Capt., i. 288 Norumbega. See Norambega ‘ Notes on Sea Service ‘ by John Young, iv. 202-27 Nunez, Vasco (de Balboa), iv. 291-2, 330-3 Nunez Vela, Blasco, iv. 302-3 O’DoNNELL, Hugh. See Tyrconnel, Earl of Ojeda, Alonso de, iv. 327-8 O’Neill, Hugh, Earl of Tyrone. See Tyrone, Earl of Opdam, Admiral, ii. 176, 184, 188, 191-2, 379 Oquendo, Antonio de, i. 76, 168 ; ii- 3°3» 3°8 Oquendo, Antonio de (junior), i. 202 Orange, Philip Wm., Prince of, iii. 329 Orellana, Francisco de, ii. 327; iv. 338 Organs, iv. 36 Orkneys, The, iv. 165 ; v. 258 Ormuz, ii. 290 ; iv. 261, 360, 410 Orteis, Diego, (i.) xxxiv Osorio, Sancho Pardo, i. 251, 325, 38i Ostend, siege of, i. 81 ; ii. 132, 186 ; iii. 235 Ovalle, Don Christobal de; i. 128 Ovando, Nicholas de, iv. 320, 325 Overbury, Sir Thomas, (i.) xxxii, xxxiii PACIFIC Ocean. See South Sea Padilla, Don Juan de, i. 201 Padilla, Don Martin de (Adelantado of Castile), i. 44, 180, 213 ; ii. 16-7, 32, 73-7, 79, 85, 99, 106, 118, 135-6, 379 his fleet orders of 1597, iv. 79-89 354 MONSON’S TRACTS PADRON Padron, Real, ii. 330 Paimpol, i. 277, 307, 308 Pais, Duarte, iii. 123 Paiva, Affonso de, iv. 243 ; v. 97 Paleotti, Marquis, iii. 333 Palmer, Sir Henry, i. 152, 159-61, 238 ; ii. 84, 87, 89, 96, 129 Palmer, Sir Henry (junior), iii., 105, 257, 408 Palos, iv. 287, 288 ; v. 60 Panama, i. 78, 249, 284, 313, 333, 334; iv. 291, 293, 295-6, 303, 3°5-7» 344 ; v- 122-3, 126, 127 Panuco, iv. 241, 324 Paramore, Capt, Richard, iii. 224 Parker, Capt, Wm., i. 148, 338, 359-60 ; ii. 227, 230 ; iii. 139 ; v. 124 Parliament, admonishment to, iii. 243-4 proposals to, iv. 176-7 Parma, Duke of, death of, i. 155, 171 his transport for the Channel crossing, i. 47, 53, 170-1 ; ii. 306 in command in Flanders, i. 48, 49. 55> 57> 61, X 55> *6i, 166- 7> *7i invasion of France, 1590, i. 71, 257> 305 negotiations with Elizabeth, i. 56-7, 61, 161 Philip’s instructions to, i. 49 rumoured march on Brittany, i. 304 views as to naval base, i. 48-9,53 views on Armada project, i. 46-7 Patience, Monson on, i. 115, 116; iii. 6 7 Peace, advantages of, ii. 288-95 Pearl fishery, iv. 336-7 Peniche, i. 191, 206, 207, 208, 214, 215 ; iii. 121 Penington, Sir John, i. 51; v. 214 and saluting, iv. 134 at cruise of 1635, iii. 223, 274 at cruise of 1636, iii. 252 Monson’s friendship with, (i.) xlix Penruddock, Capt. Anth., iii. 224 Penzance, i. 313, 323 ; ii. 262 ; v. 183 PINNACES Percy, Algernon. See Northumberland Perez, Antonio, i. 173, 211, 219, 320, 362-3, 365 Pernambuco, ii. 212, 216, 228, 381 ; iv. 249 Persian Gulf, ii. 290; iv. 360, 410 Peru, conquest of, iv. 293 300 disputes as to governorship of, iv. 300-9 influence of sea-power in reconquest, iv. 306 reconquered for Spain, iv. 308- ii Peso, value of, ii. 94 Pett, Phineas, ii. 103 Pett, Phineas (junior), iii. 106 Pettiman, Robert, i. 160 Philip II. of Spain aims at subjugation of England, i. 25 breach of faith in 1585, i. 125 claims Crown of France, i. 306 death of, ii. 94-5 dislike of the sea, i. 29 embarrassments of, i. 140, 320 ; ii. 15, 94 financial repudiation of State debts by, ii. 15 ignores part played by Dutch in war, i. 52 3 ; ii. 75 naval strategy of, i. 32, 40, 46, 50-3, 76-7’ 257 ; ii. 18, 74, 76 neglect of his navy, i. 29-31 Philip III. of Spain, accession of, ii- 95 character of, ii. 126 Philippine Islands, iv. 242, 377, 380, 381 Pico (Azores), ii. 65 Pigeon, Capt., i. 230 Pikestaves, ii. 284-6 Pilchards, iii. 120; v. 270, 273, 276 Pillage, i. 292, 294 ; iv. 18, 19, 85, 196, 201, 230 Pilot, chief, of England, iii. 392 Pilot Major of Spain, ii. 330-3 Pilots, ii. 328-30; iii. 392, 394, 411 ; iv. 30 1 Pilots in the Armada, i. 167, 169 Pinks, v. 240 Pinnaces, i. 257, 281; iv. 207 INDEX 355 PIRATES Pirates, (i.) xxxvii ; ii. 149 50; iii. 5^-74, 79-85, 94, 96, ioo- 2, no, 266 8, 273, 344, 347, 349-51, 36o, 376-9, 428 ; iv. 7, 185-6, 359, 415; v. 64, 292 Story of two, v. 293-9 Pizarro, Francisco, iv. 235, 241, 293 301, 328-9 Pizarro, Gonzalo, iv. 296, 300, 302-10 incapacity in handling his fleet, iv. 306-7 Pizarro, Hernando, iv. 296 300 Places taken during Elizabethan war, ii. 226-8 Plague, treatment of, ii. 99 Plantations, French, iv. 186, 425- 33 Plantations, The English, ii. 289- 90, 293 ; iii. 324; iv. 187, 400- 5, 427, 432 ; v. 282 Plate Fleet, The, armament of, ii. 323-4 dates from 1526, ii. 321 English failure to capture, i. 35, 38, 71, 83, 84, 127, 246 ; ii. 26-9, 152-4 fleet of 1585, i. 127 fleet of 1587, i. 39, 144 fleet of 1589, i. 233-6, 246 fleet of 1590, i. 241, 251, 253, 257 fleet of 1591, i. 255, 257, 260, 266 fleet of 1592, ii. 376-8 fleet of 1593, i. 301, 302 fleet of 1595, i. 322, 324 fleet of 1596, i. 353, 389 ; ii. 8, 9 fleet of 1597, ii. 26-9, 66-7, 91 fleet of 1598, ii. 218 fleet of 1599, ii. 106, 118-9 fleet of 1600, ii. 120 fleet of 1601, ii. 129 fleet of 1602, i. 84 ; ii. 152, 173 importance to Spain, i. 27, 34-5, 39, 75 ; ” 99, 309-10; v. 56 Lord Thos. Howard seeks, in 1591, i. 72 proposed interception, in 1588, i. 58, 69 regulations concerning, ii. 313- 5, 317-25, 327 PORTUGAL route of, i. 73 ; ii. 335-9 the true objective of attack, i. 25, 27, 39 value of, ii. 339-40 wrecks of, i. 233, 248, 255, 266 ; ii. 129, 319, 329 See also Flota Warfare Plessington, Capt. Chas., ii. 125, 169 ‘ Plimsoll mark/ ii. 313 Plunder, i. 133, 145, 202, 290-5, 332, 392, 394» 395 J ii- 6, 13, 14, 175, 237, 245 ; iv. 18-21, 85, 201 Plymouth, i. 62, 65, 82, 127, 141, 163-4, I^9, 170, 192, 215, 231, 259, 292, 322, 324-5, 344, 371, 373 ; ii. n, 42, 78, 177-8, 184, 301, 379, 382; iii. 178, 195, 356 ; iv. 162 ; v. 144 as an objective of invasion, ii. 75, 76, 268-9, 274, 278 dockyard, v. 11-12 ‘ the island and the main ‘ at, ii. 176 Polwhele, Capt. Wm., ii. 194, 196 Ponce, Hernan (de Leon), iv. 323 Ponta da Galera, ii. 69 ; v. 163 Ponta Delgada, i. 231, 234, 302 ; ii. 31, 68, 69, 71 Poor John, v. 280 Porter, Capt. Thos., iii. 223, 252 Portland, ii. 270, 274, 279, 304; iii. 345 ; v. 289 Portocarrero, Don Juan, i. 381, 388 ; ii. 6; iii. 440 Ports and Fleets. See Fleets Ports and Invasion. See Invasion Ports, sanctity of, iii. 27 30, 207 10 ; iv. 406 Portsmouth, i. 5, 10, 30, 244, 292 ; ii. 267 ; iii. 178, 370; iv. 54, 115 ; v. 5-10 Portugal, discoveries and conquests of, iv. 240 9, 256 61 dispute with Spain about Moluccas, iv. 268 expedition to, 1589, i. 177- 225 ; iii. 121-3 friendship with England, ii. 294 government of East Indies by, iv. 257-8 state of, in 1625, iii. 121-3 state of navy, in 1586, i. 42 356 MONSON’S TRACTS PORTUGAL subjugated by Spain, i. 42, 187 ; iv. 175 Poulett, Lord, iii. 224, 264, 367 Povey, Capt. John, iii. 223, 252 Powell, Anthony, i. 124 Prayer, Monson on, i. 107 Pregent de Bidoux, i. 18 ; ii. 266 Press, The, ii. 41, 102, 132 ; iii. 257, 362, 381 ; iv. 149-51* 228 Pressmasters, ii. 41 ; iii. 275, 381 Prester John, iv. 243-4, 356; v. 97 Preston, Sir Amyas, i. 234, 235, 344, 360 ; ii. 123, 126, 128, 168, 169, 226, 353 Price, Capt. Thos., iii. 224, 252 Pride, Monson on, iii. 4-5 Prisoners, accidentally fired on, ii. exchange of, after taking of Cadiz, ii. 6 7 in England, ii. 14 Privateering, profits of, i. 268, 301 ; ii. 245-6 Privateers, English, (i.) ix-x, 84, 141, 165, 231, 246, 249, 256, 258, 268, 285, 287, 301, 310- n, 341-2; ii. 20, 59, 78, 106, 172, 188, 229-31, 237-41, 245-6, 296-7, 377, 383, 393 ; iii. 63, 69-70, 323 ; iv. 17-22 Flemish, i. 370; ii. 109, 113, 121, 149-50, iQi-3, 195, 197, 394 ; iii. 27-30, 179, 207, 209, 338, 341-2 ; iv. 96 French, i. 247 Spanish, i. 139, 140; ii. 109, 113 Prizes, i. 134, 138, 145, 211, 226, 229, 231, 258, 267, 283, 287, 302, 310, 342, 349, 379, 388; ii. 175, 190, 356, 362, 363-5; iv. 18-21, 85, 195 Proclamation, concerning Spanish and Dutch ships, 1604, iii. 28-9, 341-3 Prodigality, Monson on, i. 112 Proposition to Parliament, iv. 174-9 Prospective glasses, v. 144 Providence, I. of, (i.) Ii, 87 ; iv. 189, 438-42; v. 119-23 Provost-marshal, boatswain as, iv. 33 RALEGH Puerto Bello, i. 78, 333, 335 ; ii. 226, 227, 335; iii. 139; iv. 441 ; v. 121, 124 Puerto Rico, i. 35, 83, 313-4, 325, 327-32 ; ii. 204, 208-10, 213, 216, 221 4; iii’ I 39»’ iv. 322 Pumps, ships’, iv. 217 Punishments, iii. 436 ; iv. 130-1, 199, 200-1, 217 Puntales (Cadiz harbour), i. 145, 384-6 ; iii. 142, 159, 171, 183 Pursers, iii. 396, 414 ; iv. 55-6, 146-8 QUARLES, i. 244 Quarrels amongst leaders at Cadiz expedition, i. 373-5, 378 in the Privy Council, 1589, i. 190-1 Monson on, i. 105, 106 Quartermasters, iv. 20, 59 Queenborough, ii. 195 Quesada, Francisco de, i. 393-4 ; ii. 1-2, 6 Quesada, Gonzalo Ximcnez de, ” iv. 335 Quinsay, iv. 389 Quintal, The, ii. 378 Quivira, iv. 242, 318, 379 RACES (Portland, etc.), v. 289-90 Rada, Juan de, iv. 300-1 Rainsborow, Wm., iii. 252 Ralegh, Sir Walter, a Commissioner of Pillage in 1592, i. 294 account of the capture of the Revenge, i. 262 4 at Cadiz expedition, i. 344, 348, 360, 365-6, 373, 380, 383-4, 386-7, 389-90, 392 ; ii. 8, 10, 12, 14; iii. 160 at Islands voyage, 1597, ii. 21, 23-5, 39, 47, 49, 51/54. 56-9, 62-5, 70 colonial enterprises, i. 132 ; ii. 293 ; iv. 402 Guiana voyages, i. 342-3 ; ii. 68, 230 ; iii. 140 imprisoned, i. 293 in the Downs, in 1599, ii. 84, 87 INDEX 357 RALEGH lack of nautical knowledge, i. 9 liked by the seamen, i. 294 not fond of the sea, i. 285 offers to sell a ship to Philip II., i. 141 on principles of naval strategy, (i.) lix, 28, 30, 49, 63, 223, 282, 309, 370 ; ii. 19-20, 54, 67-8, 135 privateering ventures of, i. 267-8 ; ii. 230, 246 quarrel with Essex, i. 191, 373 ; ii. 45-6, 63-4 reconciliation with Essex, i. 373, 387; ii- 45, 55 starts on voyage of 1592, i. 278, 283-6 treatise on the art of war by sea, (i.) xliv voyage of 1586, i. 194 Rame Head, i. 154 ; iv. 162 Rammekens, ii. 63 Ratcliffe, Sir Alexander, ii. 38 Raymond, Capt. George, i. 152, 159 ; ii. 291, 293 ; iv. 180, 182, 404 Rear-Admirals, i. 139; iv. i, 205 Red Sea, ii. 290; iv. 261, 356; v, 91-2 Remora, The, iv. 254 Renteria, La, iv. 74-6 Reprisal, letters of, Archduke Albert calls in, 1603, ii. 195 captains holding, iv. 17-9 granted by Elizabeth, 1585, i. 122, 125 meaning of, i. 125, 126; iv. 17-8 remarks concerning, iv. 17-22 Reresby, Gilbert, (i.) xxxiv Reynolds, Sir Carew, ii. 38 Reynolds, Edw., Essex’s secretary, ii. 12 Reynolds, Capt. Humphrey, i. 304, 316 ; ii. 84, 89, 115, 126, 128, 151, 168, 194, 196 ; iii. 338 Rhe, Isle of, iii. 92-3 ; v. 30 expedition of 1627, iii. 177-80 Ribadasella, ii. 308 ; v. 57 Ribaut, Jean, iv. 429 Ribero, Diego, ii. 331 ; iv. 370 Rigges, Capt. George, i. 160 Rio de la Hacha, i. 129, 302, 332 ; ii. 226 ; iii. 139 ; v. 124 Rivers, Capt. John, i. 124 Roanoke, i. 132 Robartes (Roberts), Capt. John, i. 152, 160 ; ii. 229 Roca, Cape (the Rock), i. 205-6 Rochester, Earl of, (i.) xxxii Rock, The. See Roca, Cape Rock, The Young, i. 206 Ropemakers, iii. 395, 413, 419 Rosne, M. de, i. 368 Roussin, Admiral, i. 223 Russell, Sir Win., iii. 257, 363 Rutter, of America, iv. 340-5 of Russia, v. 134 of West Indian navigation, ii. 334-9 SACKVILLE, Lord George, ii. 200 Sackville, Capt., i. 177, 183, 204, 303, 304, 3i6 Sagres, Cape, i. 147; v. 188 Sailing directions, iv. 211-2 Sails, fighting, iv. 90 St. Augustine, taking of, i. 123, 132 St. Christopher, i. 128; iv, 404; v. 120 St. George, Island of, i. 235, 237 ; v. 177 St. Helena, Island of, i, 288; ii, 129, 376 ; iv. 254; v. 41, 79 St. Julian, Castle, i. 161, 208, 220, 223 ; ii. 218 ; iii. 120 ; v. 139 St. Lawrence, Island of. See Madagascar St. Leger, Sir William, iii. 153 St. Margaret’s Bay, ii. 192 St. Mary, Island of, i. 229-230, 234-7 ; v. 177 St. Michael, Island of, i. 138, 227, 231, 234, 237, 247,310; ii. 30, 68-70, 228, 254 ; v. 163 St. Nicholas, iv. 416, 418 ; v, 132, 134 St. Paul’s Rocks, iv. 254 Sainte-Soulaine, M. de, i. 247 St. Thome, ii. 85 ; v.% 49, 117 St. Vincent, Cape, i. 146-9, 238, 258; ii. 181 Saldanha, bay of, iv. 409; v. 41, 101, 285 Salkeld, Capt. Thomas, ii. 151, 168 pirate, iii. 349-51 358 MONSON’S TRACTS SALLEE Sallee, ii. 259 ; iii. 70, 145, 273 ; v. 6l, 277 Salt and Cask, v. 262-8 Salutes, i. 233, 271-2, 286, 298 ; ii. 243, 250-1 ; iii. 27, 32, 33, 109-10, 272, 276, 383-4 ; iv. 5-6, 119-27, 132-7, See also Flag, Honour of the Sampson, John, i. 160 San Antonio, Cape, i. 132 ; ii. 337 San Antonio, Island of (Coruna), i. 204 San Domingo (Espanola), i. 122, 128-9; ii. 226, 334, 336; iv. 320-2 San Juan de Puerto Rico. See Puerto Rico San Juan de Ulua, i. 129, 248, 266; ii. 230 ; iv. 181 ; v. 52 San Lucar, i. 380, 383 ; ii. 7, 153, 259, 260, 314-5. 334. 339, 394 ; iii. 153-4 i iv- 74. 77 ‘> v- 5*> 52, 53. 60 Sancy diamond, The, i. 188 Sandwich, ii. 270, 274; iii. 30 2, 38-9. 343 ; iv. 163 ; v. 33 Sanitary convenience (ships), iv. 60 Santa Cruz, Marquis of, appointed to command the Armada in 1587, i. 46, 47, 161 death of, i. 49, 166 essentially a soldier, i. 44 his doings in 1587, i. 38, 39, 137, 147, 150, 161, 162 his list of trophies, i. 166 his pessimistic views in 1587, i. 48, 49 introduces use of large galleons, ii. 319 leader of Spanish fleet in 1582, i. 31, 247, 248; iii. 126; iv. 98; v. 163 Portuguese contempt for, i. 133 subjugation of Portugal, i. 187, 188 takes Lisbon, i. 208 Santa Cruz, Marquis of (son of former), i. 383 ; ii. 155, 162, 163, 174, 369, 371 Santa Marta, i. 332 ; ii. 226 ; iv, 334, 342 ; v. 124 Santander, i. 173 4, 197 9, 204 5 ; ii, 308 ; iv, 741;. v, 57 Santiago (Cape Verde Islands), i. 128 Santiago de Compostella, i. 258 Saphee, iii. 83 ; iv. 406-7 ; v. 61 Sarmiento, Pedro de, i. 141 ; ii. 331 ; iv. 190-2, 242, 282 Saville, Henry. See Sackville, Captain Schouten, William van, iv. 188, 285, 349 Scillies, The, i. 47, 66, 164; ii. 32, 49, 75 *. iv. 159 Scotland, Monson’s plan to subdue, iii. 313 22 the country and people, iv. I7I-3 Scott, Thomas, i. 161 Scouting, i. 65, 91, 165, 377 ; ii. 62, 104, 132 ; iv. 208 Scurvy, ii. 248 Seamen, English, allowance of victuals, iv. 56, 199 appetites of, i. 60 clothes for, iii. 275; v. 81 2 desertion among, i. 139; ii. 247, 383 ; iii. 274 ; iv. 218 Elizabethan, i. 43; ii, 245 ; iv. 228 insubordinate, i. 149, 200, 235, 267, 290, 292, 311 ; ii. 237, 245-8, 265 number of, available, iii. 188-92 number of, increased by privateering, iv. 21 payment of, i. 133, 138-9, 294; ii. 244 ; iii. 185-6, 382-3 poor quality, in 1635 and 1636, iii. 275; iv. 149 punishment of, iii. 436; iv. 130-1, 199-201, 203, 216 qualities of, iii. 434 6 recklessness of, ashore, iii. 386 relief of sick, ii. 244 ; iii. 382 ; iv. 148, 212 sailors and mariners, difference between, ii. 235 their stations in fighting, ii. 243, 252 ; iii. 214 ; iv. 95~6, 214 to be taken out of foreign ships, iii. 225 ; iv. 7 useless to put them on oath, ii. 293 wages of (Charles I.), iii. 185-6 INDEX 359 SEA-POWER Sea-power, principles regulating action of, i. 13 Search, right of, i. 231, 246, 271, 298; ii. 172, 197, 390 Sebastian, Dom, i. 187 ; iv. 237 Secrecy, Monson on, i. 115 ; iii. 81, 302 Sergeant-major, i. 125, 186, 361 ; ii. 42 ; iv. 309 Serrao, Joao, iv. 262-3, 265 Seville, i. 378 ; ii. 5, 315-6, 332 ; iii. 119 Sewell, Capt., ii. 159 Seymour, Lord Henry, i. 52, 152, 159, 165 Sharks, v. 278 Sheffield, Lord, i. 152, 159 Shell Ness, iv. 115 Sheriff, John, i. 161 Sherley, Sir Anthony, i, 375 ; ii. 55, 63, 230 Sherley, Sir Thomas, ii. 84, 87 Shipbuilding, bounty on, i. 5 ; ii. 317 ; iii. 433 description of terms, iv. 46-9 masts and spars, iv. 51-2 methods of determining tonnage, i. 138 ; iv. 50 1 sheathing, iv. 52-5 ; v. 82 Spanish, i. 31 ; ii. 77, 118, 318- 20 ; iv, 66 Ship-money, (i.) xlviii; iii. 102-4, 187, 211-9, 222, 226, 232-3, 275-6 Ship-money fleets, 1635, iii. 220-7, 366, 380; iv. 141-2; 1636, iii. 212-76 and barks, i. 124 Ship-timber, waste of, v. 268 Shipping, English, available, i. 20, 22, 42, 85, 182 ; ii. 288 ; iii. 186-92, 205, 430 | increase of, i. 23 ; ii. 43, 288 ; iii, 431-2 Ships, armaments of, i. 6, 275, 317-9 ; ii, 215, 229, 243, 323 ; iv. 43, 102 3, 210 ii attracted by the land, iv. 23 abuses in Her Majesty’s, ii. 242- 4, 247 8 ; iv. 228 abuses in the King’s, iv. 138- 57 build of, i. 44, 134; iv. 91-5, 99, 103-4. 128-9, 149 SHIPS built by King Charles, iii. 184 built by King James, iii. 183 chain nettings, ii. 324; iv. 220- 21 English, better built than Dutch, v. 248-9 fighting value against galleys, i. 144-6 ; ii. 193 ; iv. 102-5 furniture of, iv. 217, 221-2 good quality of Elizabeth’s, i. 6, 20 ; ii. 263 ; iii. 255 how to fight, iv. 90-105 ; v. 145 merchant, inutility of, in war, i. 182, 219 ; iii. 107, 275 ; iv. 216 .private, iii. 63 proof against musket-shot, iv. 224-5 protecting frames for, iv. 219- 20; v. 148 rake of, iv. 47 remaining at Elizabeth’s death, ii. 235-6 returns of ships and men available, iii. 187 sides defended with hides, i. 235 ; with wool packs, v. 145 standing officers of, iii. 396 three-decked, iv. 95 unhealthiness of, ii. 248 ; iv. 65 Ships named, Royal : Achates, The, i. 238; ii. 90, 235, 236 Advantage, The, i. 340 ; ii. 84, 89, 90, 115, 128, 170, 236, 366; iii. 349, Advantagia, The, ii. 235 ; iv. 109 Adventure, The, i. 312, 316; ii. 39, 88, 96, 115, 128, 151, 168, 177, 182-3, 235, 366, 372, 391, 392 ; iii. 21, 75, 224, 252, 274, 335-8, 354 ; v. 188 Advice, The, i. 160, 182, 239, 242, 246, 340 ; ii. 39, 88, 96, 115, 129, 236 Aid, The, i. 121, 124, 126, 152, 160, 162, 177, 185 Anne Royal, The, iii. 254-5, 257-8 Answer, The, ii. 89, 96, 115, 129, 170, 177, 184, 235, 372, 380 360 MONSON’S TRACTS SHIPS Ships named, Royal continued Antelope, The, i. 152, 160, 238, 340 ; ii. 21, 39, 88, 96, 128, J?0* 235 »’ iii. I05> 224 Ark Royal, The, i. 152, 159, 344, 358 ; ii. 84, 87, 235, 305 ; iii. 254 Assurance, The, iii. 20, 75, 76, 252, 274 Bear, The. See White Bear Bonaventure, The (Elizabeth), i. 121, 126, 136, 138, 145, 152, 159, 239, 240, 242, 246, 253, 256, 281, 297, 300, 312, 316; ii. 21, 39, 84, 87, 235 Bonaventure, The (James Ii), iii. 183, 252 Bull, The, i. 152, 160 Charles, The (Elizabeth), i. 152, 160, 170, 238, 256, 304, 306, 34°, 359 ; ii- 88, 96, 128, 170, 236 ; iii. 75 Charles, The (Charles I.), iii. 184, 252 Constant Reformation, The, iii. 105, 224, 372 Convertine, The, iii. 105, 252 Crane, The, i. 240, 242, 246, 247, 253, 256, 304, 306, 340, 344, 359 ; ii. 84, 89, 96, 115, 123, 126, 128, 169, 170, 197, 235 Cygnet, The, ii. 96, 236 Defiance, The, (i.) xvi, 253, 256, 312, 316 ; ii. 21, 38, 84, 87, 123, 126, 151, 168, 194, 196, 235 ; i^ 75, 252, 274 Dreadnought, The, i. 136, 138, 152, 159, i?7> l83» 242, 246, 303, 340, 344, 358 ; ii. 21, 39, 88, 128, 129, 151, 168, 177, 183, 194, 196, 235, 372, 391 Elizabeth, The, i. 60, 152, 159 ; ii. 84, 87, 235 Elizabeth Bonaventure, The. See Bonaventure Elizabeth Jonas, The, See Elizabeth, The Expedition, The, iii. 184 Foresight, The, i. 152, 159, 177, 184, 240, 242, 246, 253, 256, 260, 278, 281, 289, 290, 292, 312, 316, 340 ; ii. 38, 84, 87, 90, 235 Ships named, Royal continued Gallarita, The, ii, 235 ; iv. 109 Garland, The (Elizabeth), (i.) xvii, 269, 270, 271, 275, 278, 281, 312, 316; ii. 21, 27, 38, 84, 87, 123, 125, 151,168, 235, 380; iii. 75 ; v. 180 Garland, The (James I.), iii. 183, 252 George, The (hoy), ii. 236 Gilliflower, The, ii. 96 Golden Lion, The, i. 60,127,138, 142, 149, 150, 152, 159, 239, 240, 242, 246, 253, 256, 260, 281, 297, 300 Goodwill, The, iii. 105 Great Elizabeth, The (Henry VIII.), ii. 266 Greyhound, The, iii. 184, 252 Happy Entrance, The, iii. 183, 252 Hedgehog, The (Henry VIII.), ii. 266 Henrietta (pinnace), iii. 184 Henrietta Maria, The, iii. 184, 223, 252 Henry Grace de Dieu, The, (Henry VIII.), v. 10 Hope, The, i. 135, 152, 160, 240, 242, 246, 312, 316 ; ii. 21, 39, 84, 87, 89, 128, 169, 235 Hoy, The, i. 152 James, The, iii. 75, 184, 223, 252, 372; iv. 93~4» 103-4′ 148-9 Jesus of Lubeck, The, i. 266; iv. 181 Leopard, The, iii. 184, 224 Lion, The, i. 344, 358 ; ii. 21, 38, 84, 87, 89, 96, 129, 235, 305; iii. 75, 76, 224 Lion’s Claw, The, ii. 128 Lion’s Whelp, The (Elizabeth), i- 345, 358; ii. 115, i?o, I77» 183, 194, 196, 372, 391, 394 Lion’s Whelps, The (Charles I.), iii. 184, 224, 252, 255, 274, 372 Makeshift, The, i. 138, 161 Maria (pinnace), iii. 184 Mary Rose, The (Elizabeth), i. 152, 159, 240, 242, 246, 247, 344, 360 ; ii. 21, 38, 84, 87, 151, 168, 177, 183, 190, 235, 366, 372, 391-2 ; iii. 75 INDEX 361 Ships named, Royal continued Mary Rose, The (Henry VIII.), ii. 265 6 Mary Rose, The (James I.), iii. 183, 224, 252, 274, 372 Mercury, The (galliot), ii. 87, 235 Mercury, The (ship), iii. 106 Merhonour, The, i. 344, 348, 359 ; ii. 21, 38, 84, 87, 168, 194, 196, 235 ; iii. 75, 223 Merlin, The, i. 160, 170; ii. 87, 97, 126, 169, 236 Moon, The, i. 152, 160, 238, 256, 304, 306, 340, 359; ii. 88, 96, 125, 169, 236 Nicodemus, The, iii. 184 Nonpareil, The, (i.) xvii, 135, 152, 160, 177, 183, 242, 246, 253» 256, 344, 348, 359 ; ii. 21, 39, 84, 87, 126, 151, 168, 235 ; iU’ 75 Nonsuch, The, iii. 21, 75, 252 Popinjay, The, ii. 97 Primrose, The (hoy), ii. 236 Prince Royal, The, iv. 115 Providence, The, hi. 184 Quittance, The, i. 240, 242, 246, 247» 3<>3» 3<>4» 306, 340, 344, 360 ; ii. 84, 89, 96, 115, 128, 177, 183, 194, 196, 235, 372 Rainbow, The (Elizabeth), (i.) xiv, xv, 136, 138, 152, 159, 161, 238, 240, 242, 246, 303, 304, 306, 340, 344, 348, 359; ii. 21, 39, 84, 87, 89, 96, 115, 128, 169, 194, 196, 235 ; iii. 20, 21, 75, 76; iv. 123; v. 186 Rainbow, The (James I.), iii. 105, 223; iv. 101 Red Lion, The, iii. 21, 105 Reformation, The, iii.- 183, 224 Regent, The (Henry VH.), ii. 265 Repulse, The, i. 344, 348, 359 ; ii- 38, 57, 84, 87, 89, 112, 114, 151, 167, 194, 196, 235 ; iii. 75, 252, 274 Revenge, The, i. 135, 152, 160, 177, 182, 240, 242, 246, 253, 255» 256, 259, 262, 264-6; ii. 263-4 Roebuck, The, iii. 184, 252 V. SHIPS Ships named, Royal continued St. Andrew, The (Elizabeth), i.< 357; ii. 21, 39, 57> 235; iii, 327; iv. 74; v. 172 St. Andrew, The (James I.), iii. 183, 223, 252, 255 St. George, The, iii. 183, 223 St. Matthew, The, ii. 21, 39, 57, 235; iii. 327; iv. 73 Scout, The, i. 152, 160, 340; ii. 235, 236 Sovereign, The, iii. 184 Spy, The (Elizabeth), i. 138, 152, 160, 161, 238,306; ii. 89. 97> H5, 236 Spy, The (James I.), iii. 106 Sun, The, i. 160, 238, 340; ii. 90. 236, 366 Superlativa, The, ii’ 235; iv.* 109 Swallow, The (Elizabeth), i. 152, 159, 238 ; ii. 235 Swallow, The (Charles I.), iii. 184, 224, 252 Swiftsure, The (Elizabeth), i. 152, 160, 162, 177, 184, 205, 240, 242, 246, 340, 344, 360 ; ii. 21, 38, 84, 88, 123, 126, 169, 177, 183, 181, 235, 372 ; iii. 75, 223 Swiftsure, The (James I.), iii. 183 Tiger, The, i. 152, 160, 162, 238, 281, 288, 289 ; ii. 235, 236 Tramontana, The, i. 135, 152, 160, 238, 306, 340, 344, 360 ; ii. 84, 89, 96, 115, 125, 169, 236, 366 Triumph, The (Elizabeth), i. 60, 152, 159 ; ii. 84, 87, 235, 305 Triumph, The (James I.), iii. 183, 252 Truelove, The, i. 345, 358 Unicorn, The, iii. 184, 252 Vanguard, The (Elizabeth), i. 152, 160, 238, 303, 304, 344, 359 ; ii. 96, 112, 114,115,128, 169, 235 ; iii. 20, 75; iv. 123 Vanguard, The (James I.), Hit 105, 223; iv. 101 Victory, The (Elizabeth), i. 60, 152, 159, 226, 230, 233, 235, 236; ii, 235; iii. 75, 124; iv.’ 32 2 B 362 MONSON’S TRACTS SHIPS Ships named, Royal continued Victory, The (James I.), iii. 183, 252, 255 Volatillia, The, ii. 235; ivl 109 Warspite, The, i. 344, 348, 360, 387 ; ii. 21, 39, 57, 96, 112, 114, 123, 126, 151, 167, 194. 196, 235 White Bear, The, i. 60, 152, 159 ; ii- 235 Ships named, Merchant: Affection, The, ii. 211, 217 Alcedo, The, i. 281, 341, 359 ; ii. 211, 217 Allagarta, The, i. 271 Amity, The, i. 316 ; ii. 125 Anne, The (of Weymouth), ii. 170 Antelope, The (of Plymouth), i. 184 Antelope, The (of Lynn), i. 184 Anthony, The, i. 300, 302, 341 ; ii. 211, 217 Arcana, The (of London), ii. 126, 169 Ascension, The (of London), i. 304; ii. 20, 211, 217 Barbara, The, iii. 106 Bartholomew, The, i. 184 Benjamin, The, i. 124 Berkeley Boy, The, ii. 211, 217 Black Dog, The, i. 281 Black Galley, The, ii. 38 Bond, The (bark), i. 124, 291 Bonner, The (bark), i. 124, 185 Centurion, The, i. 182, 260, 360 ; ii. 211, 217 ; iii. 106 Chaldon, The (bark), i. 300 Charity, The, i. 184 Cherubim, The, i. 260, 304 Concord, The, i. 316 Consent, The (of London), i. 304 ; ii. 39, 211, 217 Constance, The (galleon), ii. 211, 217 Content, The, ii. 229 Corslet, The, i. 260 Crescent, The (of Dartmouth), i. 183 Cygnet, The, i. 139 Dainty, The, i. 239, 281, 289-91 Daniel, The (of Yarmouth), i. 182 Darling, The, i. 358 SHIPS Ships named, Merchant continued Delight, The, i. 317, 327, 358 Desire, The, i. 316; ii. 126, 169 ; iv. 281 Diana, The (of Southampton), i. 182 Discovery, The, i. 271, 288, 300, 302, 341 Disdain, The, i. 284 Dragon, The, i. 287, 289 Drake, The, i. 124, 139 Duck, The (galliot), i. 124 Edward, The, i. 184 Edward Bonaventure, The, i. 139, 183 ; iv. 182 Elizabeth, The, i. 139 Elizabeth, The (of London), ii. 168 Elizabeth, The (of Plymouth), ii. 170 Elizabeth, The (of Yarmouth), i. 185 Elizabeth Constant, The, i. 316 Emanuel, The, i. 182 Exchange, The, i. 317, 340 Felix, The, i. 316 Francis, The, i. 124, 185, 316, 327 Freeman, The, iii. 224 Gamaliel, The, i. 359 Garland, The (of Harwich), ii. 125, 126 George, The, i. 124 George Bonaventure, The (of Blakeney), i. 184 George Bonaventure, The (of London), i. 139 Gift, The (of Dartmouth), i. 184 Gift, The (of Dover), i. 182 Gift, The (of Harwich), i. 182 Gift, The (of Southampton), i. 183 Golden Dragon, The, i. 359 Golden Hind, The, i. 170, 183 Golden Hind, The (Drake’s ship), iv. 278 Golden Lion, The (of Ipswich), ii. 168 Golden Noble, The, i. 183, 271, 281, 288 Golden Phoenix, The, iii. 106 Goodwill, The, iii. 105, no Grace, The (of Dover), i. 288, 291 INDEX 363 SHIPS Ships named, Merchant continued Grace of God, The (of London), i. 184 Gregory, The (of London), i. 183 Great Susan, The, i. 281 Greyhound, The (of Aldburgh), 1/184 Greyhound, The (of Plymouth), i. 182 Guiana, The, ii. 39, 211, 217 Handmaid, The (of Bristol), i. 184 Hart Anne, The (of Chatham), i. 185 Hawkyns, The (bark), i. 124, 139, 185 Help, The, i. 316, 340 Hercules, The (of Rye), ii. 38 ; iii. 106 Hope, The, i. 124 Hopewell, The, i. 184 James, The (of Ipswich), i. 183 ; ii. 169 Jewel, The, i. 316 John, The (of Newhaven), i. 185 John Bonaventure, The, i. 316 John Trelawney, The, i. 316 John Truelove, The i. 184 Katherine, The, ii. 38, 170 Leicester, The (galleon), i. 124 Lion, The (of Ipswich), ii. 168 Lioness, The, i. 345, 359 Lion’s Whelp, The, i. 281 Little John, The, i. 139 Malice Scourge, The, i. 341 ; ii. 205, 206, 211, 215, 217, 218 Margaret, The, i. 226, 230, 231 Margaret and John, The, i. 139, 260, 281 ; ii. 211, 217 Marigold, The (of London), ii. 126, 168, 169 ; iii. 106 Marmaduke, The, iii. 106 Mayflower, The, i. 310 Mayflower, The (of Brightlingsea), i. 182 Mayflower, The (of Gillingham), ii. 126 Mayflower, The (of London), i. 260 Mayflower, The (of Lynn), i. 185 SHIPS Ships named, Merchant continued Mayflower, The (of Yarmouth), i. 183 Meg, The, i. 230, 235 Merchant Bonaventure, The, iii. 106 Merchant Royal, The, i. 139, 185 ; ii. 211, 217 ; iv. 182 Minion, The, i. 124, 304 Minion, The (of Fowey), i. 184 Minion, The (of Plymouth), i. 139, 185 Mistress, The (of Lee), ii. 168 Moonshine, The, i. 262, 271 Neptune, The, iii. 106 Nightingale, The (of Plymouth), i. 184 Old Frigate, The, ii. 211 Ounce, The, ii. 170 Paragon, The (of London), ii. i?7> 183, 372, 380 Parnell, The (bark), i. 185 Pegasus, The, i. 316; ii. 211, 217 Pelican, The. See Golden Hind, The Pelican, The (of Aldburgh), i. 183 Penelope, The, iv. 182 Peter, The (of London), ii. 168 Phoenix, The (of Dartmouth), i. 183, 288 Pilgrim, The, i. 300, 302 Pleiades, The, iii. 224 Post, The, i. 139 Primrose, The, i. 124, 182, 304 ; ii. 169 ; iii. 106 Prosperous, The, ii. 38, 211, 217 Prudence (of London), i. 287, 289 Prudence, The (of Portsmouth), i. 182 Pulpit, The, i. 317 Ralegh, The (galleon), i. 281 Red Dragon, The. See Malice Scourge Red Lion, The (of Ipswich), i. 183 Red Rose, The, i. 271 Relief, The (of Portsmouth), i. 184 Repentance, The, i. 239 Restore, The, iii. 106 Reuben, The, ii. 169 364 MONSON’S TRACTS SHIPS Ships named, Merchant continued Reuben, The (of Dover), i. 185 Reuben, The (of Lee), ii. 126 Reuben, The (of London), i. 359 Reynolds The (bark), i. 182 Richard, The, i. 317 ; ii. 170 Robert, The (of Topsham), ii. 170 Roebuck, The, i. 258, 281, 288, 289, 290, 360 ; ii. 40 Roger and Katherine, The, i. 183 Royal Defence, The, ii. 211, 217 Royal Exchange, The, i. 310, 311 ; iii. 224 Saker, The, i. 316 Salomon, The, i. 359 Samaritan, The (of London), i. 183 ; ii. 125 Samson, The, i. 271, 281, 288, 289, 310, 311 ; ii. 211, 217 ; iii. 224 Samuel, The, iii. 106 Scout, The, i. 124 ; ii. 211, 217 Sea Dragon, The, i. 124 Sellinger, The (bark), i. 184 Seraphine, The (of Dartmouth), i. 185 Solomon, The (of London), i. 139, 184 Solomon Bonaventure, The, i. 316, 327 Speedwell, The, i. 139 Sun, The, i. 281 ; ii. 39 Susan, The (of Aldburgh), i. 182 Susan, The (of Blakeney), i. 184 Susan, The (of London), i. 139, 260 Susan Bonaventure, The, i. 281, 3<m, 3i6=”” swallow,=”” the,=”” i.=”” 124=”” swan,=”” 358=”” ;=”” ii.=”” 38=”” talbot,=”” the=”” (bark),=”” taylor,=”” 183=”” thomas,=”” (of=”” plymouth),=”” 124,=”” 139,=”” 182=”” thomas=”” bonaventure,=”” 139=”” tiger,=”” leigh),=”” 184=”” tobie,=”” harwich),=”” london),=”” ships=”” named,=”” merchant=”” continued=”” trade’s=”” increase,=”” iv.=”” 181=”” triumph,=”” 125=”” truelove,=”” aldborough),=”” 168=”” unicorn,=”” bristol),=”” 185=”” unity,=”” valentine,=”” blakeney),=”” vantage,=”” vineyard,=”” violet,=”” 359=”” white=”” lion,=”” 124,139,=”” william,=”” ipswich),=”” 183,=”” lynn),=”” wells),=”” william=”” and=”” joan,=”” iii.=”” 224=”” zouch=”” phoenix,=”” 106=”” spanish=”” portuguese=”” :=”” apostles,=”” 244,=”” 349,=”” 357,=”” 388=”” 73,=”” 74,=”” 76=”” cinque=”” llagas,=”” las,=”” 310,=”” 311=”” duquesa=”” santa=”” ana,=”” 305=”” leva,=”” (galley),=”” 163,=”” 369=”” v.=”” 171=”” madre=”” de=”” dios,=”” 288-96=”” nuestra=”” senora=”” begona,=”” 325=”” *=”” del=”” rosario,=”” ii<=”” 3%=”” 303=”” rata=”” encoronada,=”” 302=”” st.=”” matthew,=”” 307;=”” 175=”” (i).xviii;=”” 154-63,174-6,=”” 341-7°.=”” 384;=”” 113,=”” 114;=”” v,.=”” 171,=”” 186=”” san=”” felipe,=”” 307=”” felipe=”” (carrack),=”” 38,150=”” juan,=”” 201,=”” 202;=”” ii=”” marcos,=”” 299-300,=”” 308=”” martin,=”” 170,=”” 173,=”” 247=”” ii,=”” 301,=”” 169;=”” 302,=”” cruz,=”” 288,=”” 294=”” sao=”” francisco,=”” 71=”” index=”” 365=”” ships,=”” spanish;=”” 318-21=”” 66-8,=”” 72,=”” 73-7,=”” appearance=”” of,=”” 134=”” 320=”” proportion=”” of=”” seamen=”” in,=”” 252,=”” 327=”” iv.224=”” see=”” also=”” navy,=”” galleys,=”” &c.=”” private.=”” private=”” shipwrights,=”” master,=”” 392,=”” 411=”” shire=”” ness,=”” 115=”” shore-leave,=”” 258-61=”” shot,=”” cross-bar,=”” iv,=”” 34=”” shrewsbury,=”” countess=”” 351=”” sicilian=”” vespers,=”” 309=”” sidney,=”” sir=”” robert,=”” 44=”” sierra=”” leone,=”” 408-9=”” signalling,=”” 262=”” 25,=”” 26,=”” 390=”” 152,=”” 441=”” 5,=”” 9-11,=”” 82-4,=”” 86,=”” 88,=”” 195-7=””> v- I41″2 Sixtus V., Pope, on Philip II., i. 250 Slingsby, Capt. Francis, ii. 20, 211, 217, 225 Slingsby, Sir Guilford, ii. 84, 89, 96, 151, 168 ; iii. 408 Slingsby, Robert, iii. 252 Sluys, battle of, i. 15 harbour of, i. 161, 170; ii. 191, 192 ; iii. 230 ; iv. 98, 113 taken by the Spaniards, i. 161, 319 Small Downs, iii. 341 Smerwick, massacre of, i. 202; ii. 139 Smith, Dorothy, (i.) xiii Smith, Capt. Francis, iii. 252 Smith, Sir Thomas, ‘ Customer,’ ii- 357 Smith, Capt. Wm., iii. 224, 373-5 Smoke ships, i. 219 ; v. 139 Socotra, iv. 409-10 Sofala, v. 78 Soldiers, Monson on, i. 103-5; iii. .215, 30? his opinion of the best arms for, ii. 284-6 Solis, Juan de, iv. 339 Solomon Islands, iv. 242 Somers, Sir George, ii. 88, 112,114, 123, 126, 151, 153, 167-9, 194, 196, 361-2 ; iv. 404 Sotomayor, Diego de, i. 381, 394 ; ii. 6; iii. 440 Sourdeac, M, de, governor of Brest, i. 307 ; ii. 100, 104 SPAIN South Cape, i. 258 South Sea, The, discovery of, iv. 291, 332, 349, 418 Southampton, Earl of, at Islands Voyage, 1597, ii. 21 plan for capture of Algiers, (i), xxxviii; iii. 101-2, 104 Southwell, Eliz., iii. 332-3 Southwell, Sir Robert, i. 152, 159, 344, 358, 365 Sovereignty of the sea, iii. 45-55, 200-2, 204-6, 211-3, 222, 226, 272, 311 ; iv. 18, 119, 125 Sowe, The, iii. 19 ; v. 164, 274 Spain, a fleet necessary for, i. 41- 2,133 discoveries of, iv. 184, 186 7, 234-6, 240-2, 268-70, 286-92, 321-40 dispute with Portugal about Moluccas, iv. 268, 371-2 fear in, of English alliance with Mahomedans, i. 140 ; ii. i, 121 ; iii. 100 fear of the English in, i. 244, 249, 301; ii. 99, 104 fleets of, foreign ships in, i. 29, 145, 244; ii. 17, 70, 94, 101, 197 ; iv. 68, 88 ‘ How to have ruined/ in 1625, iii. 175-6 ‘ How to ruin Spain with the assistance of Holland/ v, 119- 28 ‘ How to war upon/ i. 86, 119 ; v. 49-56 insolvency of, i, 320; ii. 15, 94, 99, 118-9, 120, 127, 202-3 ports of, losses suffered by, i. 33, 320 ; ii. 316-7 ; iv. 77 possessed no war navy, i. 13, 29, 31, 41, 42 ; ii. 94 > “* 136 ; iv. 68 trade of, i. 26-7; ii. 202, 312- 6; iv. 187 want of seamen, i. 30, 41, 167, 336; ii. 17, 74, 94, 326-7, 394; iv. 69, 70 war to preserve her discoveries, iv. 184 93 war with Holland, i. 52 5, 243, 269, 271-2, 364-5, 367-8; ii. 91 ; in. 16-8, 22, 29-30 366 MONSON’S TRACTS SPAIN weakness of, i. 10, 13, 20, 29, 285, 320, 337, 371 ; ii. 15, 17, 18, 42, 73, 93-5, 131, 188, 225 Spain, war with (Charles I.), considerations concerning, 1625, iii. 121-43 expedition to Cadiz, 1625, iii. 142-74 harbours of, v. 56-61 ‘ How Spain may annoy the Hollanders,’ v. 129-36 Spain, war with (Elizabeth), Armada campaign, i. 46 69, 152-76 ; ii. 299-308 ; iii. 208; iv. 124 attempted invasion of England, 1596, ii. 16-7, 18 another attempted invasion, I597> ” 32-3, 73-7 best attacked through Portugal, ii. 93 burning of Faro, 1596, i. 354 ; ii. 7 capture of the St. Valentine, 1602, ii. 155-63 ; iv. 113-4 carried into Brittany, i. 76-7, 245, 252, 276, 303-9, causes of, i. 21, 22 Council of War, 1587, ii. 267-86 Cumberland’s voyage of 1589, i. 226-37 Cumberland’s voyage of 1591, i. 269-76 Cumberland’s voyage of 1593, i- 297-302 Cumberland’s voyage of 1598, i. 83 ; ii. 204-25 end of, ii. 195-6, 198, 201-3 English losses during, i. 266; ii. 263-4 estimate of English navy, i. 7, 20, 140 events of 1598, ii. 90-7 expedition of 1585, i. 23, 28, 34-6, 121-35 expedition of 1587, i. 37-8, 136-51 ; iii. 127 expedition of Drake and Hawkins, 1595, i- 77-9, 312-43 expedition to Cadiz, 1596, i. 79-82, 320, 344-95 ; ii- I-I5 : iii. 144-7,163-4, 166 ; v. 172 expedition to Portugal, 1589, i. 70, 177-225 ; iii. 119-21 SPAIN fleets, insufficient strength of, i. 10, 38, 71, 72, 84-5, 148, 189, 256, 300 ; ii. 50, 62, 173 France’s part in the struggle, i. 71,. 243, 257, 305, 319, 362, 368-9 ; ii. 90-2, 101, 116, 171 Frobiser on Portuguese coast, 1589, i. 238-9 Frobiser to Brittany, 1594, i. 77> 303^9 Hawkyns on Portuguese coast, 1586, i. 134-5 Howard, Lord Thomas, to the Azores, 1591, i. 72-5, 253-68 invasion of Ireland, 1601, ii. 123-48; v. 20 invasion scare in 1590, i. 244, 245; in I594» *« 319; in 1599, ii. 103-4 Islands Voyage, 1597, i. 82-3 ; ii. 21-93 Leveson and Monson to the Portuguese coast, 1602, i, 83-4 ; ii. 151-76 Leveson’s voyage to Azores, 1600, ii. 112-4, 120-1 mobilization of 1599, ii. 85-6, 99-1ii Monson to the Portuguese coast, 1602, ii. 177-90 Monson’s list of places taken during, ii. 226 8 Monson’s opinion as to the greatest English advantage against Spain, i. 315 ; ii. 180 iii. 148 ; iv. 67 part played by Navy, i. i ; ii. 198-9 peace negotiations, 1600 1602, ii. 112, 115-8, 127, 151, 170-1 preparations against Armada, i. 56-69 proceedings in 1593 and 1594, i. 75-6, 319-20 results of, ii. 198 resumption of offensive, 1602, i. 83-4 ; ii. 151, 234 Spanish landing in Cornwall, 1595, i- 323-4; ” 262 Spanish losses during, i. 33, 320 ; ii. 94, 202 ; iv. 77 Spanish naval base. See Naval base INDEX 367 SPAIN Spanish strategy, i. 46-8, 51-3, 76; ii. 18, 75-6, 79-80, 119, 135, *48 strategical conditions of the war, i. 14, 24-9 strategical objectives of England and Spain, i. 25 ; ii. 79 taking of the Madre de Dios, 1592, i. 278-96 taxation for, ii. 149; iii. 234-5 three periods of, i. 21 voyage of Hawkins and Frobiser, 1590, i. 71, 240-52 ; iv. 228-32 Spaniards dislike the sea, i. 24, 29, 30, 86 ; ii. 325-6 Spanish merchant marine, i. 32, 33 ; ” 317 ; iv- 77 bribery, (i.) xxix; ii. 202-3 colonies, i. 29; ii, 312; iv. 187 conquests in America, Monson’s view of the, iv. 233-6 murderousness, i. 201-2 whale fishery, i. 33 ; iv. 69, 188-9 ; v. 281 Spanish navy, The, allowance of victuals in, iv. 63, 71 2 artillery stores in, i. 51 bad management in ships of, iv. 63~4 Biscay seamen in, ii. 312; iv. 69, 70 characteristics of, ii. 318-20; iv. 66-8 contempt for seamen in, i. 29, 30, 43 ; iv. 63 defective fitting out, i. 30-2, 45, 167; ii. 17, 74 divided authority in, i. 44 ; iv. 64 gambling in, iv. 64 gunnery in, i. 50, 54, 386 ; ii. 325 military fleets, losses by gales, i. 251, 266 ; ii. 17, 77, 80, 118, 131 ; iii. 133, 360; v. 147 Monson’s list of ships of, 1590- 1600, iv. 73-8 no dry docks for, i. 31 number of seamen available for, ii, 327 number of ships in 1586, i. 42-3 SURVEYOR officers and crews, i. 43-4, 85-6, 251 ; ii. 17, 94, 326-7; iv. 69-70, 224 pay in, ii. 328 pilots in, ii. 328-30, 332-4 precedence, importance of, in, 1. 44, 213 ships, how obtained, i. 31, 41 weakness and inefficiency of, i. 2. 13, 24, 29-31, 41-2, 85-6, 240, 285, 337, 339 ; ii. 17, 77> 94, 118, 121, 225 ; iv. 63, 66 why necessarily divided, ii. 380 See also Ships named, Spanish Speier, Georg von, iv. 335 Spencer, Capt. James, i. 187 Spicery, The, ii. 368 Spies, English, ii. 15, 106, 258-9 Spies, Spanish,.!. 126, 141, 148, 163, 190, 285 Spilbergen, George, ii. 240; iv. 284 Spinola, Frederick,ii. 109, no, iii, 121, 155, 162-3, *74> i9°-3. 262, 370, 384, 392 ; iv. 99-100, 109 Stade, Hans, iv. 431 Stafford, Sir Edward, i. 141, 163, 167 Stallenge, Win., ii. 13, 47, 184, 189, 382 Station list of Bonaventure, iv. 91 Steelyard, The, i. 275 Steward, The ship’s, iv. 60 Stewart, Arabella, (i.) xxxv,xxxvi; iii. 19, 42-3, 351, 353 Stewart, Mary. See Mary, Queen of Scots Stewart, Sir Francis, iii. 272 Stewart, Capt. Walter, iii. 223, 252 Storekeeper-General, iii. 391 Stradling, Capt Henry, iii. 224, 252, 276 Stratagems used at sea, v. 137-52, 165 Strozzi, Philip, i. 241, 247; iv, 98 Suazo, Bridge of, i. 392-3; iii. 142-3, 164 Subsidies, ii. 149 Suffolk, Lady, (i.) xxiii, xxix Surgeons, iv. 57 8 Surveyor of the Navy, The, iii. 257* 390-i> 4°5-9, 368 MONSON’S TRACTS SWABBER Swabber, The, iv. 60 Swearing, Monson on, i. 107 Sydenham, Sir Francis, iii. 223, 224 TAGUS, The, i. 64, 161, 194, 195, 217, 220 ; iii. 120 Taper-bored guns, iv< 39, 43 Tar and pitch, iv. 54 Taxis, Don Juan de, iii. 36-40, 328, 330 Tellez de Meneses, Fernao, i. 299, 302 Tello de Guzman, Don Pedro, i. 325, 328, 337 Tenby, v. 300 Tenths and Fifteenths, ii. 149 Terceira Islands, i. 137, 227, 249, 255 ; ii. 152, 255-6 ; iii. 124-6. See also Azores Terceras, (i.) xvi. See Azores Teredo Navalis, iv. 53, 54, 329 ; v. 7, 82 Territorial waters, iii. 28, 46, 48, 51, 207-10; iv. 6, 125; v. 197-8, 205, 211 Thames, River, v. 8, 9 proposed defence of, 1599, ii. 103-4 The vet, Andrew, iv. 431 Thomas, Capt. Samuel, i. 316 Thompson, Capt. Thos., i. 242, 281, 287, 289-93 Thornton, Capt George, ii. 97 Throckmorton, Elizabeth, i, 283 Throckmorton, Sir Francis, (i.) Iii Throckmorton, Capt. Marcellus, ii. 21, 39 Throckmorton, Sir Nicholas, i. 7 Tierra-Firme, iv. 323-37 Timbuctoo, iv. 408 ; v. 76, 96-100 Tippett, Capt. John, i. 161 Tobacco, Monson on, i. 108 ; iii. 140; iv. 402-5, 433 a project to trade for, v. 103-5 prevalence of the use of, i. 108 Toledo, Don Fernando de, i. 209, 210 Tonelada, The, ii. 318 Torbay, iii. 262, 368-9 Tour d’Ordre (Boulogne), v, 26 TYRONE ‘ Tracts/ The, arranged for publication, (i.) xlvi, 1 first appearance in print, (i.) liii general criticism of, (i.) Ivii-lx, 91-2, 99 in the Churchill Collection, (i.) liv, Iv MS. copies of, (i.) xliv, xlvi, liii-liv, Ivi, Ixi second book much later than first, (i.) xlvi why Monson wrote them, (i.) xliii-xliv Trade, augmentation of English, iv. 399-418 East Indian, v. 80-90 limits of early English, iv. 398 Portuguese, with East Indies, iv. 258 Spanish, i. 33 ; ii. 316-7 with Azores during the war, i. 232 ; ii. 255 ; v. 163 Treasurer of the Navy, The, See Navy, Treasurer of the Trevor, Sir John, ii. 365-6 Trevor, Sir Sackville, i. 359; ii. 88, 115, 128, 151, 168, 177, 183 190, 194, 196, 362-3, 365-7 Trinidad, i. 342-3 Trinity House, i. 272 ; iii. 57, 209, 356-8, 431 ; iv. 22 Troops, expeditionary and other, i. 124, 138, 172, 186-7, 276, 361; ii. 41-2, 103, 137, 143, 273 ; iii. 234-5 to land, or prevent landing of, v. 149-50 Troughton, Capt J., i. 312, 316, 326, 328; ii. 38, 84, 87, 90, 112, 114 Trumpeters, iv. 57 Try, to, iv. 10 Tryggvason, Olaf, v. 228 Tunny fishery, v. 276 Turkey, i. 134, 140, 301 ; iii. 100; iv. 414 Turkey Company, v. 83-5, 89 Turner, Capt. Jeremy, i. 160; ii. 96, 128, 170 Turner, Capt. Robert, iii. 252 Tyrconnel, Earl of, ii. 139, 140, 143-4, 147, 148, 389 Tyrone, Earl of, ii. 16, 130, 135, 137, 139-40. I4I-4* 147-8 INDEX 369 UBALDINO UBALDINO, amount of credit to be accorded to, i. 163 Undiscovered worlds, two, iv. 348-53 Upnor Castle, v. 13-5 Urdaiieta, Andrew, iv. 367 8 Urquiola, Antonio de, i. 311 VAEZ, Miguel, i. 248 Vanegas, Alonso de, i. 170, 175 Varney, John, i. 124 Vasquez de Ayllon, Lucas, iv. 322 Vasquez, Francisco (de Coronado), iv. 379 Vaughan, John, i. 124 Vavasour, Sir Thomas, i. 253, 256 ; ii. 21, 39, 84, 87 Vega, Don Juan de, i. 144 Velazquez, Diego, iv. 312, 315 Vendome, Due de, ii. 171 Venetian ambassadors, value of their despatches, i. 34-5 Venezuela, iv. 335 Venice, i. 83 ; iv. 412-5 Ventry, i. 236 ; v. 180 Veragua, iv. 327-8 Vere, Sir Francis, i. 344, 348, 359- 61, 364-6, 389-92 ; ii. 4, 21, 28, 42, 47 9, 63, 71, 103; iii. 160, 164 Verrazano, Giovanni da, ii, 321; iv. 426 Verreyken, Louis, ii. 116 Vervins, Peace of, ii. 90, 92 Vespucci, Amerigo, ii. 330, 332 ; iv. 270, 286 Vice-Admiral of a fleet, iv. 1 2,205 Vice-Admiral of England, (i.) xlvii ; iii. 389, 390, 397, 423, 426 Vice-Admirals of Counties, (i.) xlvii; iii. 390, 427-9 Viceroys, Spanish, in America, i. 129 Victualling, abuses in, iii. 275, 366; iv. 143, 145-8, 229-31 allowance in Navy, iv. 56, 146, 198-9 defective in English fleet, i. 60, 62-3, 66-9, 71, 122, 126-7, 175. i79-8i, 193, 224-5, 236; ii. 241 2, 248 defective in Spanish fleet, i. 45; WARDE department of, i, 67; ii. 108 ; iii. 380, 410; iv. 145-8 Drake’s carelessness as to, i. 126-7, 137, 224 endurance, i. 18, 74 ‘more harmful than the enemy, i. 34i suggestions as to, iii. 316, 380-1 surveyor of, iii, 380, 391, 410; iv. 145 Vidosan, Sieur de, i. 368 Vigo Bay, i. 127, 215, 222 ; v. 59 Villa Franca, i. 234 ; ii. 30, 69-72, 255 ; iii. 125 Villa Mediana, Conde de, (i.) xxiv; iii. 36-40, 77, 335-9 Vique, Don Pedro, i. 130 Virgin Islands, i. 328; ii. 213, 220-1 Virginia, iii. 324; iv. 107, 402, 427-8; v. 104 WAECKEN, Van der, ii. 121, 122 Wages, payment of, by thirds, i. 133 ; iv. 18, 19 Walcheren, I. of, how England may obtain it, v. 42-6 Walloons, i. 190 Walsyngham, Sir Francis, advocate of Flota policy, i. 39, 300 assists to draw up plan of campaign in 1588, i. 58 proposes to destroy the Spanish Newfoundland fishery, i. 258 recognises the weakness of Spain, i. 13 War, Monson on, iii. 296-7. See also Spain, war with ‘ War beyond the Line,’ iv. 184- 93 War, defensive, ill effects of, i. 12, 32, 75, 83, 309, 319, 370 ; ii. 12, 146 necessity for superior force in, i. 10, 16, 35, 38, 42, 72, 75, 84, 256 ; ii. 18 object of, i. 24 ; ii. 12 offensive in. See Monson, Sir Wm.; Ralegh, Sir W. value of time in, i. 59, 60, 237, 326, 328 ; ii. 80 ; iii. 182, 214 Warde, Capt. Ambrose, i. 160 370 MONSON’S TRACTS WARDE Warde, Capt. Luke, i. 160, 238 Watchwords, iv, 208 Watermen, iii. 362, 381 Wattes, Alderman John, i. 259, 268 ; ii. 228, 229, 230 Weather, cycles, of iv. 129 Weathergage, i. 50, 339; iv. 8, 98, 211-2 ; v. 144 Weddell, Capt., iii. 369 Wentworth, Thos., General, ii. 200 West Indies, commerce with, coveted by English, i. 22 Cumberland’s voyage of 1598, ii. 204-25 description of, iii. 135-41; iv. 321-3, 325 discovery of, iv. 289, 321-2, 325 Drake’s voyage of 1585, i. 23, 36, 122-34; iii- *35 Duddeley’s voyage to, i. 341-2 emigration to, ii. 310-2 importance to Spain, i. 34-5, 39 left unfortified by Philip, i. 40 ; iii. 136 less profitable than the North Sea fisheries, v. 226-31 on carrying the war into, i. 123 privateer voyages to, ii. 229-31 reasons against English garrisons there, i. 35-7 ; iii. 138 remarks concerning, iii. 135-9, 323-5 slave trade in, ii. 311 sometimes called the Little Indies, v. 79 trade of, ii. 309-10, 312-6 voyage of 1595, i. 78-9, 3i3-5> 325-4° West, Thomas, i. 182, 204 Weston, Sir Richard, i. 358 Whales, v. 178, 284-7 Whiddon, Capt. Jacob, i. 342 ; iv. 282 Whiskynges, Capt. John, i. 293, 360 ; ii. 255-8 Whistles, officers’, iv, 20 White, Henry, i. 124 White, Capt. John, ii. 84, 89, 115, 128, 170 White Ness, iv. 115 Whoredom, Monson on, i. 107 Wignoll, Robert, i. 183, 204 Wilkinson, Edward, i. 242 ZUNIGA Williams, Sir Roger, i. 163, 172, 177, 187, 196, 198, 205, 206, 209, 218, 222, 276, 364; ii. 267; v, 323 Willis, William, ii. 39, 88, 115, 126 Willoughby, Sir Hugh, iv. 416-7; v. 134 Willoughby, Lord, i. 243 Wilson, Capt. Thomas, i. 177, 186 Wimbledon, Lord, iii. 150 74 Windebank, Thos., iii. 368 Windham, Thos., v. 70 Winds, varieties of, iv. 26-7 Windward Islands, ii. 338 Wingfield, Capt. Antony, i. 186 Wingfield, Sir John, i. 344, 352, 360, 361, 391 ; v. 184 Wolley, John, i. 58 Wood, Capt. Benjamin, ii. 230 ; iv. 180, 283 Woolwich, iii. 395, 413,419; v. 5,9 Worlds, two undiscovered, iv. 348-53 Wright, Edward, i. 124, 226, 230, 232, 236 ; iv. 390-1 Wynter, Capt. Edward, i. 124 Wynter, Capt* John, i. 160, 238 ; ii. 38 Wynter, Sir Wm., i. 133, 152, 159, 160 Wynter, Capt. William, i. 177,184, 242, 312, 316 YARMOUTH, v. 33, 34 fisheries, v. 194, 198, 202, 206, 209-10, 263, 269-70 York, Capt., i. 186 Yorke, Sir Edward, i. 240, 242, 297 Yorke, Capt. Gilbert, i. 312, 316 Young, Capt. John, his ‘ Notes on Sea-service,’ iv. 202-27 Younkers, iv. 21 Yucatan, iv. 241, 326 ZEALAND, seamen, i, 47 ; v. 43 Ziden. See Jiddah Zubiaur, Don Pedro de, i. 44, 323 ; ii. 20, 55, 74, 75, 123-4, 135-6, 144-5, 188, 239, 391, 392, 394 ; iv. 74 ; v; 188 Zuniga, Pedro de, iii. 18, 77
Michael Oppenheim was born in 1853 and brought up in London. He qualified as a surgeon and served as such in merchant ships for a number of years, an experience that seems to have engendered his interest in maritime and naval history. Between 1891 and 1894 he wrote a series of articles for The English Historical Review which were subsequently consolidated into his ground breaking book on The History of the Administration of the Royal Navy…From 1509 to 1660, published in 1896. In the same year, he edited a volume on the navy under Henry VIII for the Navy Records Society, later editing the five volume of Monson Tracts. He also wrote substantial chapters on maritime history for eight volumes of the Victoria County Histories. Despite having had no formal training as a historian, Oppenheim became a remarkably shrewd analyst and critic of historical sources. However, criticism of his work, and his being denied access to Pepys’ papers at Magdalene College, Cambridge, caused him to abandon plans for a continuation of the history of administration to 1714, and in 1914 he abandoned writing altogether. He died in Italy in 1927.
Publications include:
• A history of the administration of the Royal Navy and of merchant shipping in relation to the Navy from 1509 to 1660 with an introduction treating of the preceding period. London: John Lane. The Bodley Head, 1896; Aldershot: Temple Smith, 1988.
• Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII, 1485-8 and 1495-7, edited by M. Oppenheim. Publications of the Navy Records Society, vol 8. [London]: Printed for the Navy Records Society, 1896.
• The Spanish conquest in America: and its relation to the history of slavery and to the government of colonies, by Sir Arthur Helps A new ed., edited, with an introduction, maps, and notes by M. Oppenheim. Four volumes. London; New York : John Lane, 1900–04
• The Naval tracts of Sir William Monson in six books, edited with a commentary drawn from the State papers and other original sources by M. Oppenheim. Publications of the Navy Records Society, vols. 22, 23, 43, 45, 47. [London]: Printed for the Navy Records Society, 1902–1914.
• The maritime history of Devon by M. M. Oppenheim; with an introduction by W. E. Minchinton. Exeter: University of Exeter, 1968.
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