George Brydges Rodney is one of the great British admirals of the Age of Sail. A participant, and in many instances a major player, in some of the great naval events of the 18th century, Rodney’s career as a navy officer spans three great naval conflicts of his time – the War of Austrian Succession, the Seven Years War, and the American War.
Rodney, even though a towering figure in the Royal Navy of the 18th century, has attracted comparatively little attention. Overbearing, avaricious and difficult, yet talented and ambitious, George Brydges Rodney has never attracted much sympathy or understanding. He was nevertheless an original thinker and one of the great admirals of the eighteenth century.
The contents of this volume, the first of three, document his career from 1742 until 1763 – his private and political life. His early years as a captain were spent in the severe conditions of the North Sea and in taking privateers in the western approaches. During the peace after 1748 he was Governor of Newfoundland and in the Seven Years’ War blockaded Le Havre before going, as a flag officer, to command in the Leeward Islands where he participated in the capture of Martinique. This volume also contains letters to his wife which indicate, against past opinion, that Rodney had a heart.
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INDEX Aberdeen, 406 Acapulco, 20n Achmuty, Lt. Thomas, 26 Adams, Richard, 30, 42 Adams, Lt. Thomas, 163 Admiralty, High Court of, 44 Admiralty, Lords Commissioners of, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53–8, 60, 64–8, 69, 76, 78–9, 80–82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 94, 99, 101–2, 103, 106, 107, 108, 113, 114, 119, 121, 136–7, 140, 141, 142–7, 149, 154, 155–7, 158, 159, 166, 171, 173, 174–5, 187, 227, 230, 236–7, 238, 239, 242, 243–4, 246, 247, 249, 254, 280, 284, 301, 305, 313, 315, 317, 321, 322, 326, 364, 379, 380, 479 declaration of war against Spain, 432–3 orders to prepare for attack on Havana, 435–8 orders to send trade convoys to England, 460 orders to survey and map the coasts of captured French islands, 470–71 orders to haul down his flag, 491 orders for Leeward Islands command, 422– 8 in case of departure of French ships from Brest, 431–2, 472–3 to pay off Plymouth, 21 to take command of Sheerness, 22 to sail in search of privateer, 31–2 to escort convoy to the northward, 40–41 to escort convoy to Holland and Germany, 54–5 to cruise off Flamborough Head, 58 to escort trade to Portugal, 67–8 to escort convoy to Scotland, 80–81 to cruise off Cape Clear, 101 to bombard Le Havre, 287, 296–7 to blockade Le Havre, 350, 352 to take command at Portsmouth, 405 Affleck, Capt. Edmund, 371 Affleck, Capt. Philip, 9 Africa, 426, 483 Agua Fort, 161 Albemarle, Lt. Gen. Earl of, 270, 271, 436, 438, 447, 451, 452, 456, 469 Aldeburgh, 42, 45 Algiers, 156n, 164, 165n Alicante, 147 Allan, Lt. James, 76, 182, 185, 186 Allen, John, 182 Allen, John Bridgar, 199 Allen, Capt. John Carter, 478 Allen, Joseph, 134, 135 Alresford, 127, 178, 189, 191, 192, 202, 210, 211, 214, 216, 219, 256, 279 Amherst, Maj. Gen. Jeffery, 132, 250 Amsterdam, 54, 57 Andrews, Robert, 197, 212, 417 Angel, Thomas, 203 Angel, Capt. Henry 54, 449 Anson, Admiral Lord, 20, 76, 104, 107, 11, 119, 130, 141, 142, 177, 198, 200, 209, 220, 224, 225, 226, 253, 255, 267, 279, 281, 298, 422, 435, 457, 462 Anstruther, Lt. Gen. Philip, 207 Antigua, 444, 445, 456, 462, 464, 465, 468, 475, 478, 484, 486, 489 Arrowsmith, Lt. Joseph, 184 Arundel, 408 Atherton, Thomas, 419 Aubrey, Capt. Lord, 7 Austrian Succession, War of, 125, 127 Avington, 3 Baird, Capt. Patrick, 134 Banc D’Anfar, 309 Banc de la Jambe, 309 516 THE RODNEY PAPERS Banks, Capt. Francis, 273, 279, 440 Banks off Newfoundland, 146 Barbados, 110, 267, 268, 271, 422, 423, 425, 427, 431, 433, 437, 438, 447, 450, 453, 455, 458, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 478, 483, 485, 486, 488 Barbary corsairs, 148n Barcelona, 147 Barlow, Capt. John, 321 Barrington, Capt. Hon. Samuel, 9 Basque Road, 132 Bateman, Capt. Hon. William 386 Bath, 121, 193, 488 Bayne, Capt. William, 446 Bayonne, 112 Bay of Biscay, 8, 15, 16, 17, 130, 131, 132 Bay of Bulls, 138 Bay of Hyères, 19 Bay of Petite Ance, 434 Bay of Seine, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266 Beachy Head, 319, 352, 354, 356n, 379n, 389, 413 Bearl’s Wharf, 141 Beaumont, Monsieur, 364, 366, 367, 369, 370 Bedford, Duke of, 125, 128, 131, 144, 149, 225, 288 Belgium, 13 Bell, William, 97 Bellcombe, Ferall de, 420 Belle Isle, 268, 393n, 422, 446n Belsunce, Lt. Gen. Marquis de, 446 Bensley, Lt. John, 316, 342, 359, 360, 363 Bensley, Lt. William, 380 Bentinck, Capt. John Albert, 162n, 338, 342 Bentinck, Count William, 162 Bentley, Capt. Sir John, 247 Bergen, 338 Berlenga, 213n Bertie, Capt. Hon. Peregrine Francis, 481 Berwick, 79 Bickerton, Capt. Richard, 449 Biddiford, 56 Bilbao, 310, 324 Birmingham, 406 Bisbane, Capt. John, 440 Bispham, John, 103 Blackstake, 155 Blake, Capt. Peter, 442 Blunt, Mr., 202, 218 Board of Ordnance, 80, 299, 370, 424 Board of Trade, 127 Bocland, Lt. Gen. Maurice, 273 Bordeaux, 453, 455, 481 Boscawen, Admiral Hon. Edward, 98, 99, 131, 208, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 228, 247, 250, 280 Boston, 109, 162, 164 Botterell, Capt. John, 449 Bouley Bay, 374, 377 Boulogne, 200, 343, 348 Bourbon, Isle of, 251 Bowen, John, 418 Boyd, Capt. John, 456 Boyle, see Walsingham, Capt. Hon Robert Boyle Boys, Commodore William, 321 Bradley, John, 237n, 399, 421n Bradshaw, Lt. John 339 Bradshaw, Lt. Thomas, 397, 399 Brassac, Lt. Gen. Marquis de, 364, 367, 368, 369 Bray, Mr., 247, 249 Brazil, 431 Breeze, Sidney, 151 Bremen, 54, 55, 57 Brest, 75, 219, 262, 266, 269, 373, 411, 431, 445, 446, 472, 478 Brett, Capt. John, 210, 215 Brett, Capt. Sir Piercy, 343 Brett, Capt. William, 206, 214 Brice, Capt. Robert, 457 Brielle, 45n Brill, The, 45 Bristol, 35, 36, 109, 223, 252 Bristol, Earl of, 222, 223, 432 British Channel, see English Channel Broderick, Rear Admiral Thomas, 246 Brodnick, Commodore Robert, 213 Brograve, Lt. William, 382 Bromedge, Capt. Hugh, 384 Brooks, John, 241n Brown, Capt., 72 Brown, Lt. Alexander, 450 Brown Lt. John, 397 Brown, Joseph, 421n INDEX 517 Browne, John, 224n Bruges, 71, 73 Brydges, George Rodney, 3 Buchanan, John, 68n Buchan Ness, 84 Buckle, Capt. Matthew 431 Bucknall, Mr. 288 Buckner, Capt. Charles, 441, 462 Buckworth, John, 358 Bulley, Capt. William, 90, 91, 95, 101, 122 Burlington Bay, 44 Burlings, 213 Burnaby, Capt. Sir William, 397 Burne, Richard, 68n Burnet, Lt. James, 275 Burnett, Capt. Thomas, 453 Burnside, Robert, 241n Byng, Vice Admiral Hon. John, 84, 85, 205, 207, 209, 212, 213n, 214, 219 Byron, Capt. Hon. John, 204, 206, 233 Calais, 387 Camelford, 128, 200n Canterbury, 100 Cap d’Antifer, 326, 331, 332, 336, 338, 348, 353, 354, 356n, 379n, 381n, 382, 387, 389 Cap de la Hague, 381n, 402 Cap de la Hève, 292, 307, 318, 326, 336, 341, 379n, 381 Cape Barfleur, 318, 336, 352, 354, 356n, 362, 379n, 388 Cape Bonavista, 138, 146n Cape Clear, 11, 31, 33, 101, 104, 112 Cape Finisterre, 17, 152, 188, 189 Cape Finisterre, battle of, 17–18, 104, 119n, 129, 130 Cape François, 454n Cape Horn, 20n Cape Sable, 252n Cape St. Vincent, 70, 152, 164 Cape Sambrough [Sable], 252 Carbery, Lady, 178 Carlisle Bay, 267, 422, 423, 470, 483 Carpenter, Edward, 237n Carr, John, 51 Carter, Richard, 95, 122 Carter, Robert, 215 Carter, Thomas, 224n Carteret (Normandy), 369, 370, 373 Carteret, Philip, 41, 44 Carthagena, 455 Carysford, Lord, 488 Caudebec en Caux, 330 Cas de Pilotte, 434 Cas des Navières, 268, 433, 434, 439, 452 Caster, Robert, 206 Castres, Abraham, 140 Castill, Moses, 237n Chandos, Duke of, 3, 6, 8 Channel, see English Channel Chaplen, Capt. James, 305, 306, 308, 381 Charente River, 132 Chatham, 4, 30, 31, 65, 82, 83, 95, 98, 155, 156, 281 Chatham Chest, 5, 223 Cherbourg, 288, 376, 377, 379n, 382, 383, 404 Chester, 35, 36 Chichester, 288 Clarke, Capt. Edward, 187, 483 Clarke, Capt. Peter, 475, 483, 490 Clarke, Col. Gedney, 467, 468 Clevland, John, 108, 111, 115, 117, 118, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 144, 148, 150, 151, 153, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 207, 208, 210, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292n, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 396, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 314, 315, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 225, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 357, 358, 359, 360, 362, 363, 366, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 379, 380, 381, 382, 518 THE RODNEY PAPERS 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 423, 439, 440, 442, 443, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 457, 461, 464, 466, 467, 468, 475, 477, 480, 481, 482, 483, 489, 490 Cobey, Thomas, 107, 108 Cockran, Col. James, 46 Coke, Wenman, 417 Collins, Capt. Arthur Tooker, 412 Collins, Capt. Richard, 47 Colville, Maj. Gen. Charles, 422 Commissioners of the Navy, see Navy Board Commissioners of Sick and Wounded Seamen, 55, 414, 427 Commissioners of Trade and Plantations, 145 Commissioners of Victualling, see Victualling Board Compton, Catherine, 176n, 212n Compton, Charles, 131, 194n, 197n, 198, 218, 222, 223, 225, 258 Compton, Hon. Charles, 129, 131, 176n, 189n, 194n, 195, 197, 258 Compton, Elizabeth, 211n Compton, George, 129, 258n Compton, Jane, 129, 176n Compton, Spencer, 129, 131, 194n Conflans, Admiral Comte de, 337, 338, 355 Conway, Capt., 34, 35 Cooper, William, 409 Cope, James, 55 Copenhagen, 39, 306 Corbett, Thomas, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 133, 134, 136, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158 Cork, 11, 34, 35, 204, 453, 468, 484, 485 Cornwall, 128, 144n Cornwallis, Col. Edward, 142, 151 Cotes, Capt. Thomas, 168, 474 Cotterell, Col. John, 80 Cromarty, 81 Crookhaven, 104, 106 Crowley, Ambrose, 43 Crowley, John, 43 Crump, Lawrence, 375, 376 Cuba, 271, 436n, 469 Culloden, battle of, 109 Cumberland, Duke of, 72, 109n Dalrymple, Governor Campbell, 485 Dalrymple, Lt. James, 457 Dalrymple, Capt. John, 398 Darby, Capt. George, 265, 339, 343, 346, 349, 350, 440, 442, 449 Dartmouth, 137, 288 Daun, Field Marshall Leopold Joseph Maria, 391 Davers, Vice Admiral Thomas, 48, 49 Deal, 76, 100 Deptford, 10, 12, 13, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 46, 50, 56, 131, 135, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 236, 285 Desaguliers, Col. Thomas, 284, 286, 288, 290, 291, 294 Désirade, 431 Devonshire, Duke of, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 417n Dieppe, 334, 340, 355, 381n, 382, 389 Digby, Lord, 223 Dives-sur-Mer, 305, 318, 362, 381n Dixon, George, 407 Doake, Capt. James, 440 Dodd, Capt. Edward, 71 Dominica, 437, 452, 491 Don Navarro, First Admiral, 153 Doran, John, 180n Dorret, Robert, 284 Douglas, Rear Admiral Sir James, 181, 219, 270, 271, 423, 424, 431, 433, 440, 448, 450, 452, 453, 456 Dover, 74, 75, 76, 320, 354, 359, 360, 361, 363 Downes, 8, 13, 15, 17, 30, 32, 64, 66, 68, 71, 74, 76, 85, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 113, 114, 115, 116, 140, 142, 147, 153, 154, Clevland, John, (contd.) INDEX 519 240, 273, 300, 302, 307, 313, 314, 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 325, 328, 334, 353, 383, 388, 409 Downing, Capt. Dennis, 289 Drake, Capt. Francis William, 137, 161 Drake, Capt. Francis Samuel, 462, 478 Drummond, Henry, 129 Drummond, Lt. John, 416 Drummond, Lt. Patrick, 462 Dublin, 11, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39 Duff, Capt. Robert, 213, 453, 457, 458, 459, 461, 462 Duffell, John, 406 Duncan, George, 204 Duncannon, Lord, 31 Dundee, 85 Dungeness, 318, 357, 388, 401, 402 Dunkirk, 262, 266, 321, 333, 336, 340, 341, 349, 378, 379, 389, 403 Dunnose, 354, 356n, 379n, 403 Durell, Rear Admiral Philip, 348, 360, 363, 372, 375, 383, 388, 389 Dusaussay, Monsieur, 364 Duthy, Mr., 202, 212, 218 Eastbourne, 188n Edgcumbe, Hon. Richard, 206, 419, 420 Effingham, Earl of, 243n Egmont, Earl of, 129, 212n Egmont, Lady, 212 Egremont, Earl of, 160, 432, 436, 471, 472, 484, 485, 486, 488 Elbe River, 53, 55 Elcho, Lord, 109 Ellerker, Edward, 421n Elliot, Capt. John, 318 Ellis, Welborne, 488 Elphinston, Capt. John, 447 Elton, Capt. Jacob, 45 Emlington, Francis, 421n Emsdorf, battle of, 371n England, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 33, 47, 55, 56, 70, 72, 74, 92, 139, 163, 165, 192, 253, 257, 264, 270, 271, 272, 309, 329, 376, 407, 425, 426, 428, 431, 437, 442, 447, 450, 452, 453, 454, 456, 459, 463, 466, 475, 476, 477, 481, 485, 486 English Channel, 7, 8, 11, 15, 16, 17, 20, 68, 132, 264, 266, 268, 346, 349, 356, 379n, 380, 430 Enlington, Francis, 329n Evans, John 277n Exeter, 99, 100 Fabin, Joseph, 206 Falmouth, 7, 145, 209, 419, 420 Falmouth, Lord, 419, 420 Farley, Thomas, 421n Farmer, Lt. George, 450, 451 Farren, William, 418 Faulknor, Capt. Jonathan, 285, 286 Featherstone, John, 395 Fécamp, 336, 356n Fenelon, Marquis de, 490 Ferrol, 252 Firth of Cromarty, 81 Firth of Edinburgh, 8, 81, 84 Fitzwalter, Lord, 97 Flanders, 34, 35, 56n, 102 Flamborough Head, 58, 59 Florida, 485 Flushing, 72 Fontainebleau, 272 Forbes, Duncan, 81 Forrest, Capt. Arthur, 431n, 446 Forster, William, 421n Fort Royal, 268, 269, 434, 435, 440, 442, 443, 465, 475, 490 Fort Royal Bay, 268, 439, 447 Fowke, Capt. Thorpe, 94 Fox, Lady Georgiana Caroline Lennox, 222 Fox, Henry, 222, 223n Fox, Commodore Thomas, 16, 17, 18, 129 France, 16, 146, 190, 219, 253, 254, 323, 329, 333, 362, 263, 444, 446, 453, 486 Francis, Capt. Thomas, 420, 468, 469, 470 Fremeur, Count de, 453 Galbraith, Capt. James, 320, 321 Galicia, 252 Galleons Reach, 236, 239 Gardner, Charles, 102 Garnier, William, 488 Garlick, Joseph, 411 Gascoigne, Capt. Edward, 298, 301, 325, 327 Gayton, Lt. George, 289 520 THE RODNEY PAPERS Geary, Rear Admiral Francis, 419 Geddes, Capt. Alexander, 5 Genoa, 6 George II, 10, 13, 142n Germany, 13, 54 Ghent, 73 Gibraltar, 6, 7, 8, 10, 19, 59, 205n, 214, 280, 281, 398, 441, 445 Glass, Christoper, 136 Godfrey, Lt. John, 390, 401, 402 Goff, Samuel, 397, 398 Goodwin, John, 120 Goodwin Sands, 116 Gordon, Capt. William, 48, 49 Goree, 59 Graham, Capt. Lord George, 101 Graham, Capt. Mitchell, 412, 415 Graham, Robert, 135 Grand Ance, 434 Grand Banks, 125, 126 Grange, Robert, 29 Graves, Capt. Thomas, 207, 320, 381 Gravesend, 77 Gray, Col. George, 422, 443n Gray, Thomas, 83n Greenland, 40, 41 Greenwich Hospital, 5 Grenada, 269, 270, 442, 444, 445, 449, 456, 462, 471n Grenville Act, 386n Grenville, Hon. George, 474, 479, 488 Grey, Robert, 224n Grime, William, 239n Guadeloupe, 422, 446, 470, 471n, 482, 484, 485, 490 Guernsey, 210, 215, 369, 370, 373, 377, 406 Gulf of St. Lawrence, 421 Gunfleet, 87, 88 Guy, John, 180n Haddock, Admiral Nicholas, 6, 7 Haddock, Capt. Richard, 129 Hadly, Sergeant Thomas, 397, 398 Hague, 162 Halifax, Earl of, 488 Halifax, N.S., 132, 133, 151, 249, 250, 252, 473 Hall, Ezekiel, 44 Hall, James, 20 Handerson, Thomas, 399 Hanway, Mrs, 217 Hanway, Capt. Thomas, 57, 204 Hamburg, 54, 55, 57 Hamilton, Capt. Claud, 195 Hamoaze, 99, 100, 101, 108, 117, 118, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217, 430 Harcourt, Duke de, 310, 324, 364 Harding, Ichabod, 185 Hardy, Vice Admiral Sir Charles, 22, 37, 40, 472 Harman, Capt. William, 469 Harper, John, 141 Harrison, Capt. Henry, 21, 101, 102 Harrison, John, 257 Harrison, Capt. John, 118, 163, 164, 215 Harrow School, 3, 4 Harsel, Sergeant William, 98 Harwich, 14, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 122 Harwood, George, 392, 393, 416 Haslar Hospital, 244 Haswell, Lt. Robert, 232, 234, 237 Hatch, Lt. John, 187 Havana, 270, 271, 272, 469, 473, 475, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 485, 487 Hawke, Admiral Sir Edward, 17, 130, 132, 178, 187, 190, 214, 220, 242, 248, 250, 262, 275, 285, 337 Hayward, Lt. Thomas, 196, 201, 220 Hawford, Lt. John, 187 Heard, William, 240 Hellevoetsluis, 41, 44 Heriker, Robert, 354 Hervey, Capt. Hon. Augustus, 269, 434, 443, 444 Holburne, Capt. Sir Alexander, 478, 481 Holburne, Vice Admiral Francis, 199, 254, 255, 256, 261, 273, 274, 279, 281, 283, 287, 302, 311, 320, 348n, 394, 405, 428 Holland, 12, 13, 14, 42, 74, 142, 332 Holwall, Capt. John, 283, 284, 322, 449, 453 Holmes, Rear Admiral Charles, 431, 432, 438 Holmes, Capt. Lancelot, 403 Honfleur, 293, 304, 305, 309, 322, 353, 362, 363, 366 INDEX 521 Hood, Capt. Samuel, 13, 341, 344 Horn, James, 246 Howe, Capt. Hon. Richard, 215 Hoyle Lake, 36 Hoyle Road, 36 Hudson, Nicholas, 346, 347 Hughes, Capt. Richard, 9, 215, 343, 381 Hull, 25, 58 Hull, Philip, 224 Humber, 58, 244 Hunter, Capt. Joseph, 256, 285, 318 Hunter, Dr, 176 Iceland, 40, 41, 43 Ilchester, Lord, 223 Ile St. Marcouf, 363 Inglis, Capt. Charles, 368, 403 Innes, Capt. Alexander, 204, 210, 215 Inverness, 81, 83 Ireland, 11, 13, 15, 31, 33, 42, 44, 71, 109 Isle of Wight, 331n, 389 Israel, David, 164, 165n Italy, 152, 164 Jackson, Samuel, 277n Jacobs, James, 180n Jacobson, Cornelius, 407 Jamaica, 48n, 270, 271, 406, 431, 432, 438, 441, 446, 447, 448, 452, 455, 463, 469, 471, 473, 476 Jersey, 210, 215, 273, 369, 370, 374n, 377 Jervis, Capt. John, 355, 380 John’s Haven, 85 Johnson, Richard, 241 Johnson, William, 241 Johnstone, Capt. George, 442 Joyce, Lewis, 117, 137, 138 Kendall, Lt. Charles, 474 Keinsham, 3 Kennedy, John, 236, 239n Kenny Peter, 109 Keppel, Rear Admiral Hon. Augustus, 9, 120, 156, 161, 219, 224, 393, 395, 396, 399, 400, 408, 473, 475, 477, 479, 480, 481, 483, 485, 487, 490, 491 King Road, 35 King’s Letter Boy, 4 Kinsale, 15, 16, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 112, 313, 314, 320 Knowles, Vice Admiral Charles, 244, 488 Knight, Dr. Gowin, 127, 158, 166 Knight, Capt. John, 151, 162, 163, 201, 382, 383 Korbach, battle of, 368n, 369n Lagos, 19, 20, 70 La Guaira, 441, 443, 483 La Hague, 318, 404 Lambert, Capt. Robert, 416 Landshut, battle of, 369n Launceston, 128, 144 Leaver, Lt. William, 27, 28 Ledger, Lewis, 20n Leeward Islands, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 422, 423, 424, 427, 455, 471, 480, 486, 490, 491 Legge, Capt. Edward, 106 Le Havre, 281, 287, 288, 295, 302, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 314, 315, 316, 319, 320, 322, 323, 324, 325, 328, 330, 332, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 359, 360, 362, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382, 383, 387, 388, 389, 391, 393, 401, 402, 403, 409, 450, 451; attack on and blockade of, 291–9; failure of second bombardment of, 303–5; blockade of, 309–405 Le Havre de Grace, see Le Havre Leith, 41, 43, 84 Lendrick, Capt. John, 440, 456 Leonard, Richard, 237n, 245 Lesser Antilles, 267, 269 Lindsay, Capt. John, 238, 239 Lisbon, 6, 10, 13, 19, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 120, 126, 139, 140, 151, 152, 163, 164, 165, 431, 435 Liverpool, 274, 454, 466 Livorno, 174 Lizard, 35, 338, 431 Lochiel, 109 Loftin, Capt. Samuel, 20, 58 Logie, Capt. James, 198, 199n, 251, 252 522 THE RODNEY PAPERS London, 20, 23, 41, 61, 110, 115, 134, 144, 149, 170, 173, 174, 194, 195, 209, 215, 227, 237, 261, 404, 406, 409 Longreach, 10, 26, 27, 28, 50, 51, 132, 135, 140, 153, 155, 157, 160, 166, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 237, 238, 239 Longueville, Monsieur, 444 Lorema, John, 117 Lory, Claud, 109 Lotherington, Benjamin, 75 Lougten, Lt. William, 419 Louisiana, 267, 269, 453, 455, 489 Louisburg, 133, 249n, 151, 254, 256 Lowestoft, 42, 45 Lowfield, Lt. William, 346, 347, 355, 390, 401, 402 Lukey, Lt. Patherick, 408, 411, 416 Lynch, Owen, 407 Lyon, Boswell, 70 Macartney, Capt. John, 407, 414 Macdonald, Mr., 484, 490 MacDonald, Thomas, 204 McIntosh, John, 399 Mackay, Lt. Hugh, 219 Mackay, John, 120, 180 Mackenzie, Capt. George, 376 Macklane, Lauchlan, 463 McLean, Alexander, 322, 324 McNamara, Jeremiah, 329n, 385, 386 Mace, Mr., 247, 249 Madrid, 252, 432, 435, 442 Madson, Peter, 108 Magnus, Francis, 217 Mahon, 19 Maidstone, 67 Majorca, 147 Malpas, Viscount, 485n Maltby, Lt. William, 390 Marbet, Josiah, 380 Marguerita, 484 Marie-Galante, 470 Marseilles, 401, 402, 453, 455 Marshall, Capt. Samuel, 386, 397, 398, 399, 409, 482, 489 Marshall, William, 241 Martin, George, 56, 61 Martinique, 203n, 271, 272, 422, 423, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 439, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 467, 469, 470, 471n, 475, 477, 478, 481, 482, 484, 486, 487, 489, 490, 491 attack on, 267–9 Masson, Henry, 93 Mathews, Vice Admiral Thomas, 8, 19, 20, 21, 22 Mearns, John, 100 Mearns, Robert, 100 Meather, James, 180n Mediterranean, 8, 68, 156n, 214, 219, 220, 280, 286, 400, 402, 441 Mediterranean passes, 148, 150, 152, 153, 159, 165n, 169 Medley, George, 181 Medley, Rear Admiral Henry, 5, 63, 68 Meuse River, 41, 45, 56, 58 Michell, Commodore, Matthew, 15, 98 Middlesborough, 72 Middleton, Capt. Charles, 9 Milbank, Lt. Mark, 76 Miller, James, 347, 348 Miller, John, 224n, 329n, 358, 360, 384, 385 Mills, Charles, 421n Milnes, John, 228, 311 Minorca, 147, 205n Molloy, Capt. Sir Charles, 27, 28 Monckton, Maj. Gen. Hon. Robert, 268, 269, 270, 271, 433, 434, 436, 437, 438, 440, 446, 450, 452, 454, 461, 462, 463, 467, 468, 469 Montagu, Capt. John, 140 Montrevel, 364 Montrose, 84, 85, 100 Moore, Capt. John, 35, 36 Morgan, Lt. Col. H., 422 Morlaix, 15, 337, 374, 404 Morne Garnier, 269 Morne Tortensen, 269, 434, 435 Morris, John, 399 Moss, John G., 241n Mossom, William, 63 Mostyn, Rear Admiral Savage, 202, 203, 204, 205 Mother Bank, 399, 400 Mount Edgecumbe, Lord, 149 Mount Grenie, 434, 435 INDEX 523 Mundy, G.B.M., ix Myer, Court, 74 Navy Board, 22, 23, 43, 46, 51, 53, 55, 86, 107, 108, 109, 119, 121, 143, 152, 155, 156, 166, 169, 170, 182, 183, 185, 186, 231, 232, 238, 244, 245, 246, 343, 359, 360, 373, 411, 421, 424, 426 Rodney disagrees with, 169, 229, 359– 60 Navy Office, see Navy Board Nelson, Horatio, 4n Netherlands, see Holland Newcastle, 41, 42, 43, 44, 79, 80, 81, 439 Newcastle, Duke of, 131, 197, 214n, 225, 255, 265, 292, 335, 392, 417, 419, 420n, 434, 441, 456 Newfoundland, 6, 125, 126, 127, 134, 135, 136, 137, 139, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 155, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 164, 169, 170 New Spain, 19 New York, 149n, 409, 433n, 454, 463, 469 Norbury, Capt. Coningsby, 57 Norbury, Capt. Richard, 412 Nore, 10, 12, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 90, 93, 96, 135, 136, 153, 154, 227, 229, 230, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 246, 383 Norgate, John, 103 Normandy, 369, 370, 373, 379n, 392 Norris, Capt. Harry, 21 North America, 248, 249, 267, 268, 329, 363, 422, 423, 433, 462, 469, 473, 474, 477, 480, 485 Northampton, Earls of, see Compton North Sea, 8, 11, 12, 59, 92, 349 Norway, 12 Norwood, Capt. Joseph, 236, 415 Nott, Capt. John Neal Pleydell, 440, 455, 456 Nova Scotia, 132, 133, 142, 151 Oakley, John, 83n O’Brien, Capt. Christopher, 25, 27 O’Brien, Capt. Lucius, 464 Ogle, Admiral Sir Chaloner, 79 Ogle, Capt. Chaloner, 367, 370, 373, 374, 377, 385, 446 Old Alresford, see Alresford Okehampton, 265, 292n, 335, 414, 417 Oporto, 67, 69, 71, 147, 412 Ordnance, see Board of Ordnance Orfordness, 14, 59, 77, 89 Orinoco River, 467, 468 Osborn, Sir Danvers, 149, 150 Osborn, Vice Admiral Henry, 70, 200, 205, 224 Ostend, 13, 15, 34, 35, 36, 56, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 98, 100, 209, 215 Ourry, Capt. Paul Henry, 382, 384, 404, 443 Pain, Samuel, 241n Palmer, Robert, 151 Paris, 316, 322, 487 Parker, Capt. Hyde, 310, 311, 313, 314 Parry, Capt. William, 253, 255 Paston, Capt. William, 361, 365, 367, 368, 377, 382, 383, 387, 403, 483 Patterson, Alexander, 239 Patterson, Col. James, 204 Pattison, Maj. James, 300 Patton, Andrew, 224n Pawlett, Col. Charles, 92, 100 Pearce, Thomas, 421n Peard, Capt. George, 420 Pearl Rock, 446 Peate, George, 421n Penryn, 265, 420n, 419n Peterson, John, 407 Peveril Point, 388 Philips, Alexander, 82, 83, 95, 122 Philips, Lt. Gen. Richard, 136 Pigeon Island, 440 Pinfold, Lt. Richard, 342, 354 Pinfold, Governor Charles, 485 Pitman, Capt. John, 81 Pitt, Thomas, 417 Pitt, William, 247, 250, 261, 264, 299, 355, 369 Placentia, 138, 145 Plymouth, 10, 11, 15, 18, 21, 35, 98, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 109, 110, 112, 113, 115, 117n, 119, 121, 126, 128, 131, 137, 143, 144, 145, 161, 188, 189, 201, 524 THE RODNEY PAPERS 209, 211, 218, 253, 284, 285, 338, 378, 386, 395, 405, 407, 413, 430 Plymouth Sound, 37, 70, 99, 104, 107, 120, 137, 148, 150, 153, 161, 424 Pocock, Vice Admiral Sir George, 270, 271, 410, 415, 417, 418, 436, 437, 438, 447, 448, 451, 452, 453, 456, 457, 459, 466, 473, 475 Point Negroe, 434 Point Piercy, 366 Ponte Riche, 146n Pole, John, 204 Pollard, James, 421n Pomfret, Thomas, 346, 347 Port Antonio, 443 Port en Bessin, 364n, 365, 367, 368, 369, 372, 373 Portland, 382, 402 Portland, Earl of, 162n Port Mahon, 209 Portsmouth, 6, 8, 11, 12, 28, 34, 38, 39, 40, 119, 129, 130, 131, 136, 143, 167, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 182, 193, 197, 203, 209, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 228, 229, 243, 244, 245, 253, 254, 261, 262, 264, 273, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289, 292, 296, 297, 298, 299, 309, 312, 315, 316, 326, 336, 339, 343, 348n, 351, 352, 354, 355, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 363, 372, 375, 377, 381, 382, 384, 392, 393, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 414, 415, 416, 419, 428, 479, 480 Portugal, 8, 13, 18, 64, 67, 68, 69, 126, 147, 184 Postelle, Fonntinel de, 288 Potter, Thomas, 180n Potts, Joseph, 400 Powell, Edward, 203 Powlett, Capt. Charles, 19 Powlett, Rear Admiral Lord Harry, 214, 241 Pretender, 16, 109. See also Stuart, Charles Edward Priest, Serjeant, 207 Prince Ferdinand, 371 Prince Royal of Denmark, 13, 53, 54 Prince Rupert’s Bay, 437, 490, 491 Prust, David, 241n Puerto Rico, 271, 455, 466, 483, 490 Punton, Robert, 81 Purvis, John, 329n, 421n Quebec, 316, 420 Rainier, Lt. Daniel, 95 Ramsgate, 116 Regiments 11th, 273n 26th, 207 34th, 243n 40th, 136 56th, 485 61st, 267, 422, 443 69th, 267, 442 76th, 267, 422 90th, 267, 422 Reunion, 251n Robbins, Charles, 420 Robinson, Robert, 399 Rochfort, 132, 204 Rodney, Vice Admiral George, ix, 19, 20n, 21, 22, 29, 76, 103, 110n, 120, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 173, 174, 176n, 242, 243, 244, 247, 254, 258, 263, 266, 267– 9, 270, 271, 272, 273, 272–8, 279, 349, 350, 417, 422, 435–8, 459, 460, 490; birth and background, 3; early career, 5–8; promoted to post captain, 8–9; assumes command of Plymouth and sails for England, 19; appointed to command Sheerness, 22; order to refit Sheerness, 38; ordered to escort convoy to the northward, 40–41; assumes command of Ludlow Castle, 50; ordered to escort trade to Portugal, 67–8; ordered to escort shipping to northward, 80–81; ordered to repair on board Eagle, 90; ordered to cruise off Cape Clear, 101; captures enemy ships, 102, 104, 109; ordered to cruise to the westward of Scilly, 111; captures enemy ship, 112; intercepts French convoy, 113; appointed governor of Newfoundland, 125, 127, 134; anti-Catholicism of, 139, 288; instructions as governor of Newfoundland, 144–7; elected to the Plymouth, (contd.) INDEX 525 House of Commons, 172; appointed to command Fougeux, 173; letters to Jane Rodney, 176–80; appointed to command Prince George, 180; letters to Jane Rodney, 181, 188–92; assumes command of Monarch, 201; letters to Jane Rodney, 202, 204–5, 209–12, 214– 19, 225–6; assumes command of Dublin, 227; disagreements with Navy Board, 229, 359–60; ordered to cruise to the westward of Scilly, 246; order to convey Amherst to North America, 249; returns to England, 254; promoted to rear admiral, 261; ordered to bombard Le Havre, 287; elected to House of Commons, 292; bombards Le Havre, 291–7, 303, 305; blockades Le Havre, 309–91; acting commander-in-chief at Portsmouth, 405–19; instructions as commander-in-chief of the squadron in the Leeward Islands, 422–8; attacks Martinique, 433–5; prepares for expedition to Havana, 435–8; sends reinforcements to Jamaica, 447–8; ordered to survey coast of captured French islands, 470–71; promoted to vice admiral, 474; ordered to haul down flag and come ashore, 491 Rodney, George, 129, 179, 188, 189, 192, 209, 211, 219 Rodney, Henry, 3 Rodney, James, 129, 211, 219 Rodney, Jane, 129, 131, 222, 223, 227 death of 130, 227n letters to 176–9, 181, 188–92, 202, 204–5, 209–10, 211–12, 214–17, 218, 219, 225–6 married, 176n Rohan, Charles de, Prince of Soubise, 322, 367 Rose, Lt. Henry, 96 Ross, George, 406 Rotherhithe, 10 Rotterdam, 56, 58, 59, 88, 314 Rouen, 264, 306, 310, 314, 316, 330, 372 Rouillé, Monsieur, 450, 451 Rous, Capt. John, 151 Rowley, Capt. Joshua, 410, 418 Rowzier, Lt. John, 89 Rufane, Brig. William, 422, 454, 460, 475, 478, 484, 485, 490 Russell, William, 193, 199 Rye, 99, 100 Rylands, William, 277n St. Ann’s Bay, 434 St. Christopher’s, 447, 452, 453, 455, 469 St. Croix, Chevalier de, 446 St. Domingo, 17, 113, 114, 267, 269, 270, 411, 431, 448, 453, 455, 473, 481 St. Eustatius, 463, 484 St. George’s Channel, 34, 68 St. Helens, 48, 49, 209, 265, 275, 282, 288, 289, 290, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 318, 320, 326, 331, 333, 334, 344, 345, 346, 348, 388, 389, 390, 391, 393, 394, 395, 396, 398, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 408, 409, 429 St. John’s, Antigua, 444, 445, 447 St. John’s, Newfoundland, 126, 127, 138, 139, 146, 148, 150, 152, 161, 162, 168 St. Lucia, 442, 443, 444, 445, 448, 449, 454, 455, 462, 469, 470, 476, 485 St. Malo, 111, 336, 382, 403 St. Pierre, 441, 442, 443, 445, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 457, 459, 460, 475, 477, 481 St. Pierre, Monsieur, 365 St. Philips, 219 St. Thomas, 466 St. Thomas Hospital, 107, 118 St. Vincent, 269, 442, 448, 451, 454, 462, 476 Saltash, 128, 172n Sandwich, Earl of, 220, 488 San Sebastian, 15, 102, 455 Saul, Samuel, 242 Saumarez, Capt. Philip, 16, 105, 110n, 111, 198 Saumarez, Capt. Thomas, 285 Saunders, Vice Admiral Sir Charles, 392, 393, 445 Scilly Isles, 16, 102, 104, 111, 112, 119, 127, 246, 247 Scotland, 8, 12, 15, 16, 81, 109 Scott, Capt. Henry, 470 Seine River, 264, 297, 314, 352, 362, 381, 401 526 THE RODNEY PAPERS Senegal, 415 Seymour, Lt. Bowles, 62 Shakerly, Capt., 469 Sheerness, 7, 13, 14, 29, 44, 60, 61, 62, 53, 79, 80, 82, 83, 90, 122, 236, 238, 416 Shelburne, Lord, 488 Shetland Islands, 46 Shields, 11, 25, 43, 236 ships: BRITISH MERCHANT SHIPS Augustus Ceasar, 406 Duke packet, 478, 481 Egmont, 313n Elenor, 110, 111 Greyhound, 241 Ilchester, 313n Levant, 65, 66 London, 313n Mars, 252 Mary, 43 Mary & Martha, 99n Montfort, 12, 46 Osterly, 406 Prince Frederick packet, 164n, 165n, 246, 247 Prince of Wales, 77 Providence, 99n Robert & Jane, 80, 81, 83 Robert and Mary, 99 Rover, 109 St. George, 75 Salisbury, 47 Theodosia, 43 BRITISH TRANSPORTS Boscawen, 409 Dolphin, 253n Elizabeth, 250 Hargrove, 443 Hope, 75 Hopeful Success, 253n James, 409 Juno, 253n Lark, 253n Lyon, 469 Maria Theresa, 253n Mary, 253n Plymouth, 413 Samuel and Mary, 253n Samuel and Robert, 253n Two Brothers, 253n Wallington, 253n BRITISH WARSHIPS Achilles, 262n, 280, 281, 282, 284, 285, 287n, 289, 290, 292, 294 Actæon, 382, 383, 387, 388, 389, 390, 393, 397, 403, 433, 443, 445, 453 Adventure armed vessel, 241 Æolus, 296n, 307, 311, 318 Alarm, 409, 453 Albany, 136, 265n, 266, 350n, 354, 355, 356n, 363, 366, 367, 377, 378, 379n, 380, 387, 388n, 389, 413, 416 Alcide, 242, 268n, 416 Aldborough, 46 Alderney, 70, 409, 412, 417 Amazon, 490, 491 Ambuscade, 398, 400 America, 232, 233 Anglesea, 12, 45, 215 Anson, 246, 306, 363 Anson cutter, 316, 330n, 341, 342, 343, 359, 360, 361, 381n, 385, 403, 404, 409 Antelope, 411 Antigua, 271, 440, 470, 482, 489 Aquilion, 265n, 270, 320, 350n, 354, 356, 357, 358, 360, 366, 367n, 368, 369, 370, 373, 374, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382, 384, 385, 386, 391, 394, 445, 446, 491n Arundel, 206, 207, 208, 209, 211, 212 Aurora, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 280n, 281 Barbados, 467, 471 Barbados hired armed sloop, 466 Basilisk, 262n, 263, 276, 279, 287, 280n, 292n, 296n, 299, 302, 314, 315, 317, 318, 418, 433, 444 Beaver, 485, 486, 487 Bedford, 219 Beliqueux, 280, 281, 282, 284, 285, 286 Berwick, 6 Betsey tender, 80, 81, 83 Biddeford, 411 Bird in Hand cutter, 76 Blenheim hospital ship, 274n Blast, 262n, 283, 286, 287n, 291, 294n, 296n, 298, 299, 302, 379n, 381, 382, 383, 416 INDEX 527 Blonde, 396 Bonetta, 364n, 370, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 395, 403 Boreas, 262n, 263n, 287n, 296n, 307, 311, 315, 316, 318, 322, 325, 326, 327, 330n, 333, 336, 339 Boston, 161, 163 Bridgewater, 73, 76n Brilliant, 262n, 287n, 294n, 296n, 300, 307, 310, 311, 318, 319, 321, 322, 326, 327, 335, 336, 337 Burford, 27, 28, 253 Caesar hired armed sloop, 466 Carcass, 262n, 291, 292, 294n, 296n, 300, 301, 302, 309, 364n, 368, 370, 379n, 386, 287n, 388, 389, 391, 394, 403, 408 Catherine yacht, 237, 244 Catherine, armed sloop, 478 Centaur, 392, 393 Charlotte yacht, 55, 56, 58, 59 Chatham, 262n, 263n, 287n, 294, 296n, 308, 309 Chester, 16n, 116, 143, 144 Chesterfield, 262n, 287n, 291, 294 Chichester, 213, 214 Colchester, 53, 63 Convenor tender, 96 Cormorant, 405 Coventry, 296n, 297 Cruiser, 411, 457, 466 Culloden, 270n, 452, 453 Cygnet, 445 Danae, 319, 321n, 323, 464, 466 Defiance, 17n, 49,51, 63, 79 Deptford, 262n, 265, 280, 281, 282, 284, 287n, 291, 294n, 296n, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 350n, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 366, 367, 368, 370, 371, 372, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380 Devonshire, 17n, 268n, 270n, 449 Diligence, 404 Dolphin, 7, 16n, 320, 321, 381 Dorset cutter, 390 Dorsetshire, 399 Dover, 58, 316, 409, 413, 418, 419, 444 Dragon, 93, 95, 97, 267n, 268n, 405, 412n, 424, 430, 434, 444 Dreadnought, 5, 6 Dublin, 131, 132, 133, 227, 228, 229, 230, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 268n, 283, 285, 329, 440 Dublin yacht, 36 Duke, 74, 76, 205, 210, 214, 215 Eagle, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 125, 137, 204, 206, 207, 208, 209, 211, 212, 214 Eagle tender, 414n Echo, 440, 441, 452, 456 Edgar, 413, 419, 452, 453 Edinburgh, 16, 17n, 109, 110 Eltham, 40, 143, 144 Endeavour cutter, 330n, 339, 371 Épreuve, 442 Essex, 8, 155, 236, 412n, 300 Esther, see Hesther Experiment tender, 414n Falcon, 15, 101n, 103 Falkland, 6, 7, 296n, 297n, 458 Falmouth, 204, 205, 206, 208, 213, 214, 215 Ferret, 34, 271, 475, 483, 489, 490 Firedrake, 235, 241, 245, 262n, 265n, 266, 277, 278, 279, 280n, 281, 294n, 296n, 300, 317, 350n, 351, 352, 367, 371 Flamborough, 409, 412n Fly, 262n, 263n, 287n, 289, 294, 296n, 311, 318, 320, 322, 323, 326 Fox, 84 Fortune, 274, 276 Foudroyant, 267n, 268, 275, 277, 278, 279, 424, 430, 433, 447, 453, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 464, 475, 479, 481, 484, 490, 491 Fougeux, 130, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 186, 187, 195 Furnace, 43, 57, 58, 264n, 266, 277, 278, 280n, 281, 282, 286, 287n, 291, 294n, 296n, 298, 300, 317, 347, 348, 350n, 351, 352, 363, 367, 371, 381 Garland, 164, 404 Gibraltar, 47, 55, 57, 58 528 THE RODNEY PAPERS Glasgow, 315, 316 Gloucester, 17n Gosport, 56, 215 Gramont, 276, 280n Granado, 267n, 423n, 428 Grampus, 23n, 322, 324 Greyhound, 31, 109, 211, 212, 214, 337, 396, 420, 468, 469, 470, 475 Guadeloupe, 442, 457 Hampton Court, 16n, 113, 115, 116 Hampshire, 40 Harwich, 40 Hawke, 33, 47 Hazards Prize, 236 Hector, 114, 115, 116 Hector cutter, 330n, 346, 347, 355, 366, 367, 381n, 383, 384, 385, 401, 402 Hesther cutter, 341, 342, 343, 354 Hind, 42 Hornet, 442 Hound, 56 Hunter cutter, 330n, 341, 342, 343, 353, 370, 381n, 403 Infernal, 376 Invincible, 218, 247, 248 Ipswich, 65, 68n Isis, 262n, 263n, 280n, 287n, 294, 296n, 311, 312, 313, 314, 320 Jamaica, 58 Jane and Barbary tender, 277 Jason, 184, 273, 274, 407, 409 Jersey, 21, 68n, 215 Juno, 246, 247, 262n, 280n, 287n, 294n Kennington, 117, 138 Kent, 16n, 17n, 51, 53, 54, 63, 68, 113, 130, 171, 172, 173 Kingfisher, 415, 418 King of Prussia cutter, 330n, 336, 367, 373, 374, 381n, 388, 389, 390, 401, 402 Kingston, 253, 255 Kinsale, 76n Lancaster, 198 Launceston, 371, 412n, 419 Laurel, 396, 408 Levant, 273, 274, 275, 277, 478, 444, 490, 491 Lion, 16n, 17n Lizard, 341, 342, 450, 454, 469 London, 82 Ludlow Castle, 12, 13, 14, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 95, 98, 101, 102, 121, 122, 206, 208, 209, 210, 213, 215 Lyme, 139, 205, 206, 208, 209, 211, 212 Lynn, 411 Lynx, 478n, 491n Maidstone, 51, 101, 103, 103, 411 Marlborough, 267n, 268, 389, 392, 394, 396, 406, 408, 411, 415, 416, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 439, 442, 443, 444, 445, 447, 449, 453, 455, 457, 459 Mars, 484, 475, 479 Mary, 26n Mediator, 72 Medway, 203 Melampe, 483, 491n Mercury , 126, 136, 138, 139 Mermaid, 139, 140 Midford, 84 Modeste, 267n, 268n, 428, 432n, 433, 449, 453, 455, 458, 459, 461, 479, 485, 491n Monarch, 131, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 231, 232, 237 Monmouth, 17n, 101, 102, 215 Mortar, 262n, 285, 287n, 291, 294n, 296n, 289, 300, 314, 315, 317, 318 Namur, 8, 19, 411, 416, 418 New Britain tender, 236 New Britannia tender, 237, 239 Neptune tender, 431 Newcastle, 206, 215 Nightingale, 166 Northumberland, 205 Niger, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 344 Nottingham, 15, 16, 17n, 101n, 195, 107, 109, 110, 120, 198, 267n, 268n, 270n, 278, 380, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 399, 400, 402, 403, 409, 423n, 428, 433 Norwich, 262n, 278, 280n, 282, 284, ships: BRITISH WARSHIPS (contd.) INDEX 529 287n, 294n, 313, 317, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 330, 331, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 444, 453 Orford, 453, 455 Otter, 204, 207, 209, 210, 213, 215 Oxford, 19 Pelican, 364n, 371, 373, 376, 379n, 416 Pembroke, 396, 408, 414, 415, 418, 419, 479, 483, 485, 489 Penzance, 444 Peregrine, 215, 251, 252, 410, 411, 418 Phoenix, 321 Plymouth, 8, 9, 10, 19, 20, 21, 143 Pluto, 16n, 238 Pompey hired armed brig, 470 Poole, 76 Portland, 17n, 236 Portland’s Prize, 101 Prince, 205, 210, 213, 214, 216 Prince Edward, 416 Prince George, 130, 131, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 206, 224, 394, 395, 398, 409, 412n Prince of Orange, 93, 95, 394, 395, 398, 409, 412n Princess Amelia, 236 Princess Carolina, 411 Princess Louisa, 17n Princess Mary, 62 Princess Royal, 25, 28, 406 Providence hired armed brigantine, 470, 478 Providence tender, 414n Race Horse, 407 Rainbow, 126, 127, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 148, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 392, 394 Raisonable, 268n, 433 Ranger, 355 Raven, 209, 213, 214, 406 Renown, 477 Repulse, 465, 481 Reynolds, 239 Richard & Thomas tender, 40 Rich Charlot tender, 25, 28 Richmond, 236, 438, 447 Roast Beef privateer and hired armed vessel, 340, 354, 371, 374, 377, 378, 379n, 401 Rochester, 203, 213, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 457, 462, 491n Roebuck, 245 Romney, 6 Rose, 350n, 351, 353, 356n, 357, 360, 363, 364n, 365n, 371, 374, 377, 379n, 380, 381, 440, 456 Royal Ann, 224, 274, 275, 289, 397 Royal Caroline, 27, 28, 50n, 96 Royal George, 218, 401 Royal George cutter, 381n, 341, 342 Royal Sovereign, 48, 49, 52, 53, 57, 62, 64, 65, 83, 93, 98, 248, 346, 347, 406, 407, 421 Ruby, 22, 23, 24, 28, 29, 31, 32, 38, 39 Rupert hospital ship, 212 St. Albans, 407 St. Anne, 469 St. George, 190 Salamander, 239 Saltash, 80, 81, 83, 126, 138, 144, 145, 147, 151, 162, 163, 164 Sandwich, 405, 412 Sapphire, 94, 96, 97, 98, 369, 411, 412 Sardoine, 445 Savage, 420 Savoy, 142 Scarborough, 478, 491n Seaford, 358 Seahorse, 379, 380, 382, 387 Sea Nymphe tender, 213 Severn, 168 Sheerness, 10, 11, 12, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 45, 47, 48, 49, 63, 76n, 91, 121, 206, 207, 208, 209, 212 Solebay, 321, 390, 397, 398 Somerset, 7, 213, 214 Spy, 311, 322, 323, 326, 327, 396 Squirrel, 35, 36, 42, 43 Stag, 449, 465, 491n Sterling Castle, 214, 268n, 270n Strombolo, 236 Success, 135, 408, 449 Sunderland, 4, 5, 101n Superb, 21, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 414, 415, 418, 446 530 THE RODNEY PAPERS Swallow, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 412n, 487, 490, 491 Syren, 479, 480, 483, 489 Tarter, 320, 375, 379, 380, 382, 383 Tartuff cutter, 409 Téméraire, 268n, 270n, 406, 407, 412n, 416, 433 Temple, 268n, 270n Terrible, 179, 223, 253 Thunder, 267n, 296n, 298, 300, 318, 423n, 428n, 429, 433 Tilbury, 17n, 213, 248 Torrington, 68n, 69, 309, 411, 413, 414 Trent, 393, 491 Triumph, 4n Tubbs, 26n Tweed, 265n, 356n, 357, 361, 365, 366, 367, 371, 374, 375, 377, 379n, 382, 383, 388, 389, 393, 397, 403, 404, 405 Unicorn, 166, 263n, 284, 287n, 294, 296n, 298, 300, 301, 307, 311, 315, 316, 318, 319, 320, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 329, 330n, 333, 334, 335n, 338, 344, 380 Valiant, 408, 417, 418 Vanguard, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 247, 250, 267n, 268n, 400, 432n, 428, 430, 437, 453, 481, 481n Vestal, 262n, 287n, 291, 338, 341, 342, 344, 348 Virgin, 441, 462, 465, 466, 491n Wager, 58, 409, 413, 416, 484 Warwick, 203 Weymouth, 204 William and Mary, 50 Winchester, 491n Windsor, 17n, 204, 206, 208, 209, 211, 212 Wolf, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 200, 262n, 278n Woolwich, 270, 320, 440, 464, 465, 466 Yarmouth, 17n, 104 York, 209, 214 Zephyr, 445 FRENCH MERCHANT SHIPS Bellona, 16, 109, 110, 111 Charlotta, 17n Du Guay Trouin, 403 Elizabeth, 382 Espérance, 17n Favourite, 404 Foudroyant, 455 Europa, 17n Grand Comte, 15 Joseph Lewis, 15 L’Austrée, 193 Marshal de Saxe, 16, 17n, 112 Mary Magdalene, 16 Ponte Quarré, 15 Prudent, 44 St. Claire, 17n St. Esprit, 116 St. Malo, 17n Shoreham, 15 FRENCH WARSHIPS Active, 490 Chevre, 404n Content, 17 Diadem, 411 Félicité, 266, 336, 338, 362, 374, 376, 377, 382, 387, 389, 404n Fougeux, 17n, 18 Harmoine, 404n Hector, 454 Intrépide, 17n, 18n Juste, 337 L’Atlante, 203n Minatour, 490 Monarque, 17n Neptune, 17n, 18 Northumberland, 337 Royal Lewis, 490 Severn, 17n Soleil Royal, 337 Septre, 490 Thames, 362, 363 Tonnant, 17n, 18 Trident, 17n DUTCH MERCHANT SHIP Tobais, 306 DUTCH WARSHIP Stat Vel Warren, 332 SPANISH MERCHANT SHIPS Experance, 15, 102 Nuestra Señora de Carmen, 15 Princessa, 20 ships: BRITISH WARSHIPS (contd.) INDEX 531 Prudent Sarah, 15 Santissimo Trinidada, 271–2, 483 SPANISH WARSHIPS America, 164 Dragon, 164 Shuldham, Lt. Lemuel, 440 Shuldham, Capt. Molyneux, 434, 449, 453, 458 Shute, Jacob, 241n Simpson, John, 232 Slade, William, 229 Smith, Capt. James, 236 Smith, Jeremiah, 156 Smith, Robert, 421n Smith, Thomas, 157, 169 Smith, Vice Admiral Thomas, 62, 74, 75, 83, 87, 89, 93, 95, 103, 146, 148, 149, 284, 286, 291, 294, 299, 379, 380, 387 Snow, John, 206 Somersetshire, 212 Soubise, see Rohan Sound, 60 Soundings, 101 Southampton, 99, 100, 392 South Carolina, 409 South Sea Company, 3 Spain, 68, 126, 189, 432, 435, 443, 446, 467 Spanish Main, 455, 467 Spinney, David, ix Spithead, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 19, 20, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 48, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 109, 113, 116, 126, 130, 131, 132, 133, 136, 137, 142, 144, 161, 166, 167, 177, 179, 183, 184, 185, 186, 192, 199, 200, 201, 210, 220, 221, 244, 246, 247, 248, 250, 253, 254, 255, 261, 272, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282, 285, 287, 288, 289, 294, 296, 298, 300, 301, 302, 308, 312, 313, 318, 320, 323, 326, 327, 328, 329, 334, 336, 339, 340, 342, 344, 347, 349, 351, 352, 355, 356, 357, 365, 373, 374, 376, 378, 380, 381, 383, 384, 385, 386, 487, 389, 392, 393, 394, 395, 398, 399, 400, 405, 496, 498, 409, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 418, 422, 423, 428, 429, 448, 485, 490 Spry, Commodore Richard, 116, 445, 447 Stanford Shoal, 13, 60, 61, 88 Standgate Creek, 62 Standford, Lt. William, 371 Stanhope, Capt. Thomas, 73 Start, 252, 254, 284 Stephens, Philip, 325, 339, 347, 348, 370, 374, 375, 376, 378, 381, 419, 421, 422, 428, 429, 430, 431, 448, 479, 474, 486, 487, 489, 491 Stephens, Robert, 421n Steuart, Don Pedro, 164 Stewart, Vice Admiral James, 67, 68, 69 Stonehaven, 100 Stott, Capt. John, 478 Strachan, Capt. John, 396, 413 Stuart, Charles Edward, 109n Suckling, Capt. Maurice, 9 Sulivan, Tomothy, 224n Surtes, George, 236, 239n, 421n Sussex, 160 Swanton, Rear Admiral Robert, 247, 409, 411, 434, 437, 442, 444, 445, 447, 471, 478, 481, 486, 488, 490, 491 Swynn, 59 Taunton, 160 Tavistock, 144 Temple, Lord, 227 Texel, 54 Thames River, 10, 40 Thane, Lt. John, 305 Thompson, Capt. Bradshaw, 76 Tilley, Henry 411 Titley, Walter, 39 Tobago, 443, 445, 457 Topsham, 99, 100, 137 Torgau, battle of, 391n Touche, Le Vasser de la, 441, 442 Toulon, 79n Townsend, Rear Admiral Isaac, 57 Trentham, Lord, 144 Trepassey, 145, 162 Trinidad, 484 Trinity, 446 Trouville-sur-Mer, 304, 305, 381n Tucker, Capt. Thomas, 273 Tunbridge, 172 Turin, 222, 223 Turkey, 65,66 Tynemouth, 40, 43, 44, 83 532 THE RODNEY PAPERS Tynemouth Haven, 44 Tyrawley, Lord, 165 Tyrone county, 109 Udney, Mr., 461 Ushant, 112, 131, 132, 242, 251, 253, 431 Utrecht, Treaty of, 146n Vanbrugh, Capt. Philip, 117, 137, 151 Vane, Capt. Hon. Raby, 332 Vernon, Admiral Edward, 84n Versailles, 432 Victualling Board, 45, 92, 151, 156, 158, 170, 177, 221, 398, 424, 425 Vigo, 132, 133, 251 Villane, 338 Villa Franca, 8, 10 Vincent, Capt. Nicholas, 211 Virginia, 85, 442 Virgin Islands, 466 Wade, Maj. Gen. George, 56 Walch, Brig. Robert, 444 Wake, Cuthert, 92 Wallis, Capt., 409 Walpole, Horace, 125 Walsh, Lt. Philip, 353, 355 Walsingham, Capt. Hon. Robert Boyle, 325, 326, 434, 439, 442, 449 Walter, Mrs., 177 Ware, 241 Wareham, John, 168, 237 Webb, Capt., 204 Weller, Capt. John, 36, 168, 237 Wellhalm, John Frederick, 241n Wells, William, 180n Wemyss, David, 109n Weser, River, 54 Wesledge, John, 180n West, James, 417, 420 West, Rear Admiral Temple, 178 West Indies, 54, 112, 267, 430, 431, 441 Westminster, 144n Weymouth, 137 Wheeler, Capt. Edward, 281, 294, 301, 312, 313, 314 Wheelock, Capt. John, 419 Whitby, 241 Whiting Sands, 14, 89, 92 Witmore, Capt. Edward, 300 Wild Road, 36 William, Sir Charles Henbury, 325 Williams, Capt. Roger, 457 Willis, Capt. Thomas, 381, 416 Wilson, Edward, 224n Windward Islands, 431 Winnet, Edward, 421n Wood, Moses, 29 Woolwich, 6, 126, 127, 140, 141, 142, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 166, 167, 170, 234, 236, 298 Woburn Abbey, 225 Wright, Henry, 215 Wynne, Mr., 144 Yarmouth, 12, 28, 41, 42, 43, 47, 59, 60, 61, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 241 Young Pretender, see Stuart, Charles Edward
Born 8 January 1939 in White Plains, New York was the son of a well-known historian of the early American republic and editor of The Papers of Alexander Hamilton,. He graduated from Columbia University in 1961, completed his MA there in 1964 and moved to the University of London, where he completed his PhD in 1966 with a thesis on “Shipping and the American War of Independence”. He became Distinguished Professor of History at Queen’s College, City University of New York .
His principal areas of interest were eighteenth-century British naval history and the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II.
He died in New York on 18 October 2004, and his widow, Elena Frangakis-Syrett, has published some of his work posthumously.
His publications include
• Shipping and the American war, 1775-83: a study of British transport organisation (Athlone Press, 1970).
• The Siege and Capture of Havana, 1762 (Navy Records Society, 1970).
• The Royal Navy in American Waters, 1775-83 ( Scolar Press, 1989).
• The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy, 1660-1815 (Navy Records Society, 1994).
• The Defeat of the German U-boat: the Battle of the Atlantic ( University of South Carolina Press, 1994).
• The Royal Navy in European Waters during the American Revolutionary War (University of South Carolina Press, 1998).
• The Battle of the Atlantic and Signals Intelligence: U-boat situations and trends, 1941-45 (Navy Records Society, 1998).
• The Battle of the Atlantic and Signals Intelligence: U-boat tracking papers, 1941-47 (Navy Records Society, 2002).
• The Rodney Papers, selections from the correspondence of Admiral Lord Rodney, Volume I (Navy Records Society, 2005).
• Admiral Lord Howe: A Biography (Spellmount, 2006).
• The Rodney Papers: selections from the correspondence of Admiral Lord Rodney, Volume II (Navy Records Society, 2007).
• Shipping and Military Power in the Seven Years War: The Sails of Victory (Liverpool University Press, 2007).
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