The episode that is the subject of this volume occurred during the War of the Spanish Succession.
At the time that Marlborough had completed his successful campaign in Europe, the Secretary of State for War, Henry St John, had for some time been under pressure to help the colonial forces in northern America and the trade on that coast. Port Royal (renamed Annapolis Royal) in Nova Scotia had already been easily taken in 1710 and it was decided to send an expedition to capture Quebec, and drive the French out of Canada.
Several factors combined to doom the project from the start; political considerations obtruded, including the choice, not an obvious one, of Admiral Sir Hovenden Walker to command it. Strenuous attempts were made, unsuccessfully, to keep it a great secret, which considerably hampered the administrative preparations. There were no reliable charts of the St Lawrence River, nor were reliable pilots easily obtainable as there had been very little traffic with Quebec by sea. Lastly, numerous delays meant that the final preparations were rushed to avoid being caught upriver in the severe Canadian winter. The upshot was that the expedition was an abject failure with seven transports and a storeship being driven ashore and lost in a gale.
The volume is based on Walker’s contemporary journal, published in 1720, which is quite detailed and makes no attempt to show events in a favourable light to himself.
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INDEX ACADIE, 6, 84, 99, 151, 239, 242-3, 245-6, 248-9, 257, 260, 261, 296, 316, 3*9> 323, 392, 400;*.; privateers in, 2; Vetch appointed governor of, 46;?.; manifesto to French in, see under Canada; missionary to Indians of, 247; French governor of, see Subercase, Daniel d’Auger de Adams, Samuel, master of Rebecca, transport, 130, 179, 219, 230; complains of desertions, 228 Addington, Isaac, secretary of Massachusetts, loo-i, 109-11, 118, 124, 193, 198, 205, 224, 260, 301-3, 339-40, 342, 371, 374, 388-9; discusses rate of exchange with Walker, 112 Admiralty, Lords Commissioners of, 13^., 48,48?*., 51, 5i»., 57, 61, 82, 91-3, 105, X 34> I 57t 160-2, 164, 164;*., 168-75 passim, 183, 187, 202, 289-93, 349, 356> 358; comment on Walker’s abilities, i6#.; object of Walker expedition kept secret from, 19, 20, 2on., 171-2, 292, 356; concern at reports of French fleet, 22; Victualling Board, y.«y.j informed of disaster by Leopard, 39; Navy Board, y/z;.; Transport Board, q-v.; Walker’s protest against treatment by, 58, 60, 62-3, 71-2, 80-1; correspondence of, with Walker, 1714- I 7 I 5> 63-9; Commission to Walker, 159-60 (text) Agent victuallers, see under Walker expedition Agents: French, in England, xviii, nn., 17—19; British, in France, 16, i6w.; British, in Holland, 16-17, 22; French, in New England, 25, 146, 239, 240, 242-3 Aislabie, John, Lord of the Admiralty, 160-3 Albany, N.Y., 8, 242; rendezvous for Nicholson’s forces, 26, 264-5, 272-3, 281, 302-10 passim, 316, 319, 323-4, 326, 337, 368-9,402; Nicholsonreturns to, 38 Aldrcd, Captain John, 240/2., 266, 266**. Alexander, John, master of Chatham, transport, 140, 178, 2i8tf., 230 Alien, Major James: signs account of provisions in fleet, 254; takes part in acquiring provisions in Boston, 342-4, 346 Almanza, battle of, 14 Ames, George, purser of Windsor, 86 Anderson, Henry, relieved of post as master of Dunkirk, 86 Anderson, John, master of Antelope, New England transport, 215, 231 Andros, Sir Edmund, 7 Anglais, Pointe aux, St. Lawrence River, x, xi, xii, 43 Ann, Cape, Mass., 65, 81, 87, 99, 99^., 132*., 356 Annapolis Royal (Port Royal), 6n., 7, 28,50,89, 101, 103, 116, 119, 154, 169, 221, 238, 2437?., 249, 266-7, 302, 318, 3*3> 333> 337-8, 345, 359, 361, 374, 378, 388; enterprises against, before 1710, i, 2, 5, 9; privateers of, 8, 258-9; capture of, 1710, 7, 10-12, 149, 256-8, 260, 262—3, 268, 270, 304, 332; name changed to Annapolis Royal, n, 258, 260; threats to safety of, by French and Indians, i6n., 115, 147, 151—2, 187, 222, 243-4, 246-7, 247/2., 249, 319, 323, 327> 340, 3 68 > governors of, 46^., 302; garrisoning of, 39, 85, 102, 112, 131, 149, 152, 164, 187, 281, 326, 333, 337-8, 340, 343, 353, 360-1, 366, 370-1, 378, 382-4; marines in garrison of, see under Marines; treatment of French and Indian inhabitants of, 115, 151-2, 249, 316, 319, 332, 383; French report on, 147, 243-4, 246; communications with Boston, 152; stores from, for expedition, 86, 131, 250, 331, 362, 374; defences and provisions of, 323-4, 383-4; Vetch’s account of state of, 382-5 Anne, Queen of England, xii, 9, n, n#., 39, 60-1, 85-6, 89, 93, 97, 102, 105-6, IIO, 112, Il8—I9, I2I > 124-6, 129, 131, J 54> i59-6o» 168-9, 181, 184, 190, 416 INDEX 192—3, 196, 2OO-I, 222, 226, 256, 294, 300-1, 325, 328, 342, 345, 349> 356 > 359> 368-9, 392, 396, 408-10, 411-13; Port Royal renamed Annapolis Royal in her honour, 11; support for Walker expedition, 13, 13^., 92, 276-8; reception of Walker after disaster, 45, 158; Instructions to Walker, see under Walker, Admiral Sir Hovenden; Instructions to Hunter, see under Hunter, Robert, Governor of New York; urges haste in setting out, 92, 171-2, 180, i8o«., 291; title to North America, see under North America; addresses to, by colonial governments, 257-61 (texts), 266-7, 308—10 (text), 321, 369-72 (texts); Instructions to Hill, see under Hill, Brigadier General John; Instructions to Netmaker, see under Netmaker, John; bounties to colonial and Indian forces, 300-1, 309, 311-12, 337, 341, 377 Anticosti Island, xiii, 78, 148, 150; Walker’s fleet in neighbourhood of, 33> r 34> 136, 328, 3*8tf., 329* 3 655 currents off, 34 Antigua, 15 Appleton, Samuel, representative in Massachusetts General Assembly, 124 Argyll, John Campbell, 2nd Duke of, 19 Arnott, John, paymaster of land forces and marines under Hill, 48 Arris, Captain Robert, 86, 94, 106, 139, 148; of Windsor, 85, 127, 216, 220, *35> 2 37-8, 251-2, 345, 354~5> of Devonshire, 176-7, 185-7, 289 Atlantic (Mer du Nord), 19, 44; weather in, 99—100 Aubert, Quebec fur trader, 299 Audierne, Newfoundland, privateer from, ‘5 1 Azores, 240 BAHAMAS, massacre by French and Spaniards, 1703, 15 Baie Comeau, St. Lawrence River, x, xx Banister, Mrs. Sarah, of Boston, 389 Bant, Captain John, chairman of auditors of accounts of expedition in Boston, 120 Barbados, 15, 129, 222—3, 3 2 ^5 Governor and Council of, 15; Walker’s move to, 80 Barcelona, relief of, 16 Barfleur, France, 14 Barrington, Richard, master of Henrietta, New England transport, 215, 231 Barton, Lieutenant-Colonel, of Colonel Kane’s regiment, lost in disaster, 333 Bayley, Richard, master of Isabella Anne Katherine, transport, 178, 2i8«., 230; drowned in disaster, 140 Bayonne, merchant ships from, in Canada and Newfoundland, 239, 246, 296 Beaubasin, Acadia, 243 Beauharnois, Francois de, formerly Intendant of New France, 394 Beauharnois de Beaumont, Sieur de, lieutenant in command of Le He’ros, 295-6? 394, 397; instructions to, 297-300 Beauport, Quebec, 333; landing of Whalley’s troops at, 1690, 4 Bedgood, Captain Jeffrey, of Boston, 306; summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Windsor, 199; evidence before Council of war of August 25, 236; visited Quebec, 1705, 373 Begon, Michel, Sieur de la Picardiere, 299, 407 Belcher, Andrew, 24^., 103, 109, 192, 302, 303, 305, 388; refuses to continue as commissary to the navy in Boston, 24, 101, 103, 131; discusses rate of exchange, 112; complaints against, 123 Belcher, Jonathan, 24 Belmont, Francois Vachon de, Superior of Sulpician Seminary, Montreal, 393 Bembridge Ledge, I.O.W., 94 Bennet, Joseph, of Kirk’s regiment, court-martialled for mutiny, 346 Berry Head, Devonshire, 57 Bettgood, see Bedgood, Captain Jeffrey Beverly, Mass., pilot from, 200 Billing’s company, Massachusetts militia, 205 Bird Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, 31, 81, 87, 134, 134^., 356 Biscay, Bay of, 95, 136 Blake, James, one of chief London contractors for equipment for Walker expedition, 47, 287, 377 Bluck, John, master of Samuel, transport, 178 Board of Trade and Plantations, 15, 18, 46,46^., 61, 264, 275; memorials to, in favour of attacking Canada, 6, 8-9; INDEX 417 support of, to schemes for attacking Canada, 9, 12 Bolingbroke, see St. John, Henry, later ist Viscount Bomb vessels, 94, 149, 163-4, X 7 2~3> 228, 270, 282, 300; two on Walker expedition, 30, 8itf., 93, 117, 128, i6on., 177, 2215 French, in Du Guay’s fleet, 221, 223 Bonaventure, Cape, Gaspe Peninsular, 329 Bonaventure Island, Gulf of St. Lawrence, 136 Bonner, Captain John, of Boston, 143, 2 35> 3655 chosen as pilot for St. Lawrence river, 28, 197, 372; competance of, no, 115; tried to refuse to accompany expedition, 115, 362; allotted to Edgar, 199; evidence before Council of War of Aug. 25, 2365 to Quebec as master of flag of truce, 1706, 373 Borland, John, merchant of Boston, 8rc., 46^., 3885 agent in Boston for expedition, 279, 307 Borr, Brigadier Jacob, regiment of, 162 Boston, Mass., 4-6, 8, 10, 14^., 17, i*jn., 23> 25, 27-8, 3Sn-> 3 8-9> 4^., 49> 76-9, 82-9, 97, 99, 103, 107-11, 114, 118-23, 125, 129-31, 134-5, I 4 I~2 ) H7~9> *52 > J 54> i5 8 > l64~5> 184-229 passim, 237-8, 240, 242, 244-67*., 249-50, 258, 265, 272, 280-1, 287-9, 294-309 passim, 315, 318, 324-46 passimy 357-8;?., 361-2, 366, 368-9, 372> 374~7> 3 8 o-2> 39 I~2> 396, 400-2, 4045 arrival of Walker’s fleet in, 23, 815 provisioning in, see under Provisions and stores; appointment of agent in, 24, 86, 130, 220-1; dispute over rates of exchange in, 24-5, 82, 114, 121, 319, 336, 341, 343, 389} expedition sails from, 30, 132; harbouring of deserters in, 121, 124, 184-5, 206-7, 225, 344-5, 357; marshall of, 122} town-house of, 126; pilots from, 197, 200 Boston News-Letter, report on expedition, and line of battle, 126-8 Boucher, merchant of New England, 108 Braddock, Major-General Edward, 27 Bradshaw, Ed., inspects New England transports, 214 Braintree, Mass., 204 Brattle, Thomas, of Massachusetts, J.P., 207; treasurer of Harvard College, 390 Brazil, French expedition against, 22-3, 129, 221-3, 326, 348-9, 356 Breancourt, Captain and Engineer General of Quebec, 242 Brest: concentration of French fleet at, 16, 95-6, 222, 356; French fleet from, sails for Brazil, 22-3, 348-9, 356 Breton, Cape, 30-1, 82—4, 104, 116, I327/.-4, 142, 148, 1547*., 156-7, 189, 196, 202, 238, 325, 331-2, 359, 361; Fe i33«-> 364 Brewer, J., master of Anchor and Hope, New England transport, 231 Brewsters, Boston Bay, 131, 362 Bridge, Rev. Thomas, of Boston, 389 Bristol, Mass., 205 British Museum, 47 Brown, Captain, of New England forces, company of, 343 Bruisters, see Brewsters, Boston Bay Brydges, James, later ist Duke of Chandos, 47^.; Paymaster General of forces abroad, 49, 284, 339, 409 Burchett, Josiah, secretary to the Admiralty, 52, 81, 91-3, 153, 160-3, 168, 171* i73~5> Ig2, 25477., 358?*.; comments on secrecy surrounding Walker expedition, 2ow.; correspondence with Walker, 1714-15,6 3-9 (texts); Walker’s letters to, 81-9 (texts), 168-9 (text)» 170 (text) Burnet, Gilbert, Bishop of Salisbury, 46^.; comment on provisioning of Walker expedition, zin. Burrill, John, speaker of Massachusetts Assembly, 371 Butler, Captain: of Dunkirk, 96, 176-7, 388; dismissed his command, 83, 98, 101-2, 186-7, 319 Byng, Admiral George, Lord of the Admiralty, 163, 175 CADIZ, 14, 293 Callender, Geoffrey, 2in. Cambridge, Mass., 112, 205; French prisoner at, 115 Cameronians, 8 Campbell, Captain, of Squirrel, 377 418 INDEX Canada, 6-7, 19, 23, 35;*., 40-2, 44, 56, 58, 66, 75, 83-4, 95, 105, 118-19, 121, 129, 157, 163, 165-7, 194, 201-3, 211, 221, 239-46, 256-7, 262-72, 277-8, 282-6, 293-9, 304, 308-10, 316-17, 323, 325-6, 331, 333, 337, 341, 347, 349> 354> 356> 359> 369-73* 37$, 383* 390-1 * 395~7> 408-10; dependence on sea-power, 2; ‘the American Carthage,’ 2, 267; Phips’ expedition against, see under Phips, Sir William; plans for attack on, 1710, 9, n, nn., 256-7; preparations against, 1710-11, 12, 18; knowledge of Walker expedition in, 30, 146, 150, 242, 245; manifesto to people of, 112, 114-15, 152, 193-5 (text of draft), 316; overland attack on, see under Montreal; disposal of lands in, 275, 283, 301, 379; declaration to inhabitants of, who submit to English, 338 Canso, Cape, Nova Scotia, Walker’s fleet off, 132-3, 363 Canso, Gut of, 132 Cape Breton Island, 25, 38, 132, 133^., 2ii, 232, 246, 331, 334, 358 Capital letters, use of, in documents, xix Capoon, Lieutenant Peter, of company of mattrosses at Annapolis, 362 Caribbean, i, 14 Carlisle, Captain John, of Boston: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Sunderland, 199; on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 373 Carolina, 61, 71, 80, 268; South, 7, 51, 56; Walker’s comment on, 80 Caron, Vital, master of French ship, 406-7 Carver, Captain: sent to fetch Vetch from Annapolis, 302; taken by privateers, 389 Castle, Boston, 100, 126, 388 Cattewater, Plymouth, 95, 97 Caulfield, Colonel Thomas, deputy governor of Annapolis Royal, 152, 353> 382-3 Caurtaumanche, see Courtemanche, M. de Cavendish, Thomas, 78 Cawfield, Colonel, see Caulfield, Colonel Thomas Cawley, Captain John, of Marblehead: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197; allotted to Mountague, 199, 200 Chambly, Montreal, 333, 339; fortifications at, 264, 268; to be taken by Nicholson, 273, 316 Champlain, Lake, 165, 273, 369, 376; advance towards, under Nicholson, see under Montreal Champlain, Samuel de, 42 Chancelleer, Captain, of French brigantine lost off Cape Dere (De Ray?), 241 Chancellor of the Exchequer, see Oxford, Robert Harley, ist Earl of Charles II, King of England, 3, 161, 186-7 Charlestown, Mass., 205; pilots from, 197, 200 Charlton, Captain, of Colonel Clayton’s regiment, lost in disaster, 333 Charnock, John, 51, 51^., 52^. Chat, Cap, St. Lawrence River, xiv Chatham, 186 Chichester, 162 Church, Colonel Benjamin, of Massachusetts, 205 Churchill, Colonel Charles, 163, 251-2, 354-5; commands marines on expedition, 126, 279 Clark, Francis, merchant of Boston, in, 114, 192, 342 Clark, John, 207; representative in Massachusetts General Assembly, 124; Speaker, 260 Clark, William, merchant of Boston, in, 114, 134, 192, 342; appointed agent victualler in Boston, 86, 131, 229 Clarke, George, Lord of the Admiralty, 160-3, 175 Clarke, Thomas, master of Blessing, transport, 179, 219, 230 Clay ton, Colonel Jasper, 251-2, 354-5; regiment of, to join Walker Expedition, 1372., 18, 126, 280; account of disaster in London Gazette, 39^.; men of regiment lost in disaster, 140, 333, 350, 352; carries Hill’s and King’s letters to England after disaster, 152-3, 335, 353, 355; disposition of regiment in fleet, 178, 230 Clifton, Thomas or William, master of Eagle, transport, 178, 229 Clinet, Captain, of Martinique privateer, 245 Cockburn, Captain John: of Sapphire, 115, 127, 131, 133, 185-7, 216, 303, 3*3> 327, 345> 354-5> 3^45 of Sunderland, 235, 237-8, 251-2 INDEX 419 Cockpit, Whitehall, 92, 92**. Cod, Cape, 303-4 Codrington, General Christopher, governor of Leeward Islands, 15 Cole, Lieutenant, of Humber, 328 Coleby, Thomas, Commissioner of Transport, 91, 93, 180 Colman, Rev. Benjamin, of Boston, 388 Commissary of Stores, see Netmaker, John Conception Bay, Newfoundland, 145 Congress of colonial governors at New London, see under Council of War Connecticut, 8, no, 167, 187, 262—3, 268, 305-6, 370, 376, 380; militia regiment in attack on Port Royal, 1710, n; Indians of, 121-2, 125-6; governor and company of, 256; Assembly of, 262-3, 305, 369, 376; preparations for expedition in, 271, 302, 304, 307-8, 310, 369; Council of, 369; pilot from, 376. See also under New England colonies Cook, Captain James, xv Cooke, Captain Isaac, of Leopard, 39, 89, 104, 117, 127, 139, 153, 185-7, 216, 251-2, 354-5 Cooper, Captain John: of Swiftsure, 85, 176-7, 185-7; of Devonshire, 85, 127, 216 Cornbury, Edward Hyde, Lord, governor of New York, memorial advocating conquest of Canada, 6 Costebelle, M. de, governor of Placentia, 240^., 248-50, 295, 298, 358^., 379; letters to Pontchartrain intercepted, 38, 238-47 (texts), 331-2, 358 Coudres, lie aux, 236-7 Council of war, 67, 81, 116-17, 279, 326; of August 25, on board Windsor, xiv, 31, 36, 88-9, 141-2, 235-8, 330, 35°-4> 373~4> 3955 or phips’ expedition, 1690, 4; of colonial governors at New London, 23, 101, 103, 126, 302—8, 3i8, 339-40> 359> 379; naval, status of, 36^.; of September 8, on board Edgar in Spanish River, 38-9,75,88-9,145-8, 251-2, 33*-3> 352 > 354~5> I66 Court martial, 58, 67, 81, 87, 91; of two captains, for chasing prize against orders, 83, 101-2, 185-7, 319; of lieutenants in Monmouth and Dunkirk, 85, 122; of cook of Sunderland, 153; Walker’s warrant for holding, 161-2 (text); of two men of Kirk’s regiment, for desertion and mutiny, 346; of six men of Seymour’s regiment, for mutiny, 347 Courtemanche, M. de: agent of Vaudreuil, to negotiate exchange of prisoners, 373; commander of Fort Pontchartrain, Labrador, 405 Cowper, William, ist Earl, Lord Chancellor, 62 Cranston, Colonel Samuel, governor of Rhode Island, 261, 303, 305-7 Crow, Commodore, in Newfoundland, 118, 135, 156, 169 Cuba: French report that British preparations may be against, 18; French man of war taken by Windsor off, 100 Culliford, Captain Richard, of Humber, 87> 99> I05> ri 9> 127, 134-5, ’42, 176-7, 185-7, 216, 331, 335, 351 Cullyford, Major, of Kirk’s regiment, 346 DANVERSE, Captain, of Seaford, 156 Darien Company, 8 Dartmouth, 157 Dartmouth, William Legge, ist Earl of, 10, 13, 40, 335, 351-3, 360-1, 375, 380-1; part in organising Walker expedition, 13, 256-7, 262-8, 271, 278-9 Davenport, Addington, representative in Massachusetts General Assembly, 124 Davis, Charles, master of Prince Eugene, storeship, 179, 219, 230 Davis, Henry, master of Speedwell, New England transport, 215, 231 de la Colombiere, Joseph Sere, 42, 42^., 396, 402;*. de la Ronde Denis, Sieur, French agent, visits Boston, 25, 100, 146, 240, 240^., 249, 296, 332, 340, 358, 379 de 1’Ongueiul, Baron Lemoyne, lieutenant du roi in Montreal, 393 Dead Man, see Dodman Point Deal, 17 Dedham, Mass., 205 Deering, Clement, master of Newcastle, New England transport, 231 Denoon, Dr. David, physician attending Walker expedition, 50 Dere, Cape, see Ray, Cape Desertion, 23, 26-7, 86, 100, 118-22, 124, 130-1, 222-3, 225-6, 306, 316-17, 324, 344-5, 348> from overland expedition 42O INDEX in support of Phips, 1690, 4; pardon for deserters surrendering, 123, 346; orders and acts of Massachusetts General Court concerning, 184-5 (text), 206-7 (text), 306, 317, 346, 3575 Walker complains of, 203, 226-8, 357; Dudley’s actions concerning, 204-5, 207-8, 227-8, 357; numbers of, from ships of war, 228; in Annapolis, 249; Hill complains of, 338; deserter hanged, 346 Deturbide, Captain Joachin, of merchant ship from Bayonne, 246 Diamond, Cape, Quebec, 242 Dible, Newfoundland pilot, 143 Disney, Colonel Henry, 251-2, 354-5; part of regiment of, missing on Mary transport, 82, 97, 317, 335, 349; regiment of, 126, 280; disposition of regiment in fleet, 179, 219, 230 Divers, inspect Humbert bottom for damage, 103, 109 Dodman Point, Cornwall, 57, 181-2 Domergue, Pierre, 407 Dorchester, Mass., 204 Douglass, James, London merchant, Vetch’s agent, 360 Douglass, Dr. William, description of Nicholson, 7 Dove, Isaac, master of George, transport, 178, 218;*., 230 Downs, the, 13^., 92 Drake, Sir Francis, 78 Drake, William, Lord of the Admiralty, 160-3, 170 Dray, Cape, see Ray, Cape Drummond, English agent in Holland, 16-17 Du Guay Trouin, Rene, expedition of French fleet against Brazil under, 22, 82, 129-30, 221-3, 317, 325-6, 348-9 Dublin, 52 Dudley, Joseph, governor of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, 100, 102-4, 108-12, 114, 116, 118-20, 122-5, I 3°~l> *34> *42 > H7> i 66~7> 185, 190, 193, 196-7, 199-200, 202-3, 213-14, 221-3, 227-8, 238, 250-2, 258, 260, 266, 271, 275, 300-1, 303, 305-9, 318-19, 322, 326, 328, 331-2, 339~43> 345> 354> 365* 368, 371, 377-8i, 388-9; memorial advocating conquest of Canada, 6; efforts concerning deserters from Walker’s forces, 26, 118, 121, 204-8, 357; reaction to disaster, 40, 46, 72-3, 378-80; Walker’s comment on zeal of, 105, 107; speech to Council, 105-6; orders search for provisions in Boston, in, 192-3 (text), 322, 337, 342; orders to pilots, 197-8, 200, 372; memorial concerning naval protection for coasts, 200-1 (text); Instructions to, 273, 339-40, 377-9; disbands Indians sent to Boston, 382 Dudley, Lieutenant-Colonel William, 105; accompanied Vetch to Quebec, 1705* 373> 379. Dummer, Jeremiah, 207; advocate of conquest of Acadia and Canada, 6, 12, 266-8; career of, 6-7; colonial agent for Massachusetts, 6-7, 266, 379-80; attitude to Henry St. John, 7; appeals against blaming colonies for disaster, 46 Dunkirk, 16, 50 Dunn, John, master of Margaret, storeship, 179, 2i8w., 231 Dunnose, I.O.W., 947*., 157**. Duplessis, receveur des droits de M. 1’Amiral in Quebec, 398, 407—8 Dupuy, Paul, Comre. du roi in Quebec, 405, 407 EAST INDIES, 267 Egg Island, see CEufs, He aux Elford, Captain, of Experiment, 176 Ems, Samuel, master of Dolphin, New England transport, 213, 215, 231 English, William, master of Mary, transport, 231 English Channel, 22, 59, 77, 160, 174, 181, 292-4, 317, 349 English Pilot, The, contained best official chart of St. Lawrence, 29 d’Esgly, Francois-Mariancheau, 399**. Essex County, Mass., 214 Everton, lighterman of Boston, 123 Exchange, rate of, dispute over, in Boston, 24-5, 82, 114, 121, 319, 321-2, 336, 34i> 343> 389 Eyre, Sir Robert, Chief Justice of Common Pleas, 1725-36, 62 FALMOUTH, 82 Faneuil, Andrew, 64, 102—3, I22> 2O2> 206; appointed agent in Boston for business connected with stores, 24, 86, 130, 220-1; previous career, 24**. INDEX 421 Fanshaw, Lieutenant, sent to prepare ‘ Queen Anne, transport, for sea, 122, 124 Fareless, Thomas, master of Loyal Merchant transport,* 179 Farrer, Edward, his story of sorcery and Walker disaster, 44—5, 45/7. Faucher de Saint-Maurice, Narcisse Henri Edouard, xvi, 4577. Ferguson, Archibald, of Marblehead: pilot for expedition, 373; in reserve, in Edgar, 199, 20877.; non-appearance of, 213 Ferrier, Samuel, master of Samuel, transport, 178, 21877., 230 Ferryland, Newfoundland, 143, 241, 244; Irish deserters from, 245-6, 248 Few, Henry, master of Friends Adventure, New England transport, 231 Finisterre, Cape, 82, 221, 223, 325, , 347 . Fisheries, 380; St. Lawrence, x, 87; New England, 8, 227, 259; French in Newfoundland, 15, 136, 154, 243-4, 248, 269; English, in Newfoundland, 201; French, in Acadia, 258, 261-2, 266-7, 269 Fitch, Major Thomas, responsible for supply of whale boats, 214 Five Nations of Indians, 274, 382-3; uneasiness at delay in attacking Canada, 9; Mohawks, 9,125—6, 128, 246, 346-7, 353, 402; sachems of, visit Boston, 125-6, 128, 324-5, 346-7; presents to, from Queen, 272, 319; 800 on overland expedition under Nicholson, 310, 323, 369; company of, sent to Annapolis, 353, 360; see also under Indians Flanders, 408, 4115 5 regiments of Marlborough’s army in, diverted to Canada, 13, 1377., 92, 409-10; campaign of 1709, 14; French knowledge of troops diverted from, 1711, 18-19 Fleary, merchant, of La Rochelle, 266 Flynt, Henry, member of corporation of Harvard College, 390 Forbes, Lieutenant, engineer of Annapolis, killed by Indians, 319 Foster, Henry, master of Rose, transport, 118, 122-3, H9> ’53> ’79> 229> 347> 382; appointed agent in charge of transports, etc., 85, 117, 191-2 (text); acquires new transports in place of discarded one, 118, 191; complaints against masters of transports, 121 Fourillion, Newfoundland, see Ferryland, Newfoundland Fowles, Captain Zechariah, of Salem: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Monmouth, 199; master of Unity, New England hospital ship, 215; evidence before Council of war of Aug. 25, 236 France, 1-2, 11-1377., 17, 22, 62, 88, 130, 195, 224, 239, 241, 248, 264, 266, 270, 276, 282-3, 294, 299, 325, 331; agents of, in England, see under Agents; Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres, nn., 17; fleet concentrated at Brest, 16, 22, 95-6, 222, 356; ports of, to be visited by British agents, 16, 1677.; knowledge in, concerning Walker expedition, 17-19, 129, 221, 242, 242/7., 295-6, 298; fleet reported at sea, 22, 221-3, 294, 348; French efforts to alienate New England from England, see under New England colonies; relief in, at failure of expedition, 41; French prisoners, 86, *35> J 37> 221-2, 223; ships from, in French North America, 86, 128-9, 132-3, 149, 156, 221-2, 239, 244, 347; ships from, taken or destroyed by English, 136-7, 149, 329, 365; Newfoundland dependent on provisions from, 151, 266*7. French, in North America, xv, 6-7, 9, 18, 75, 87, 125, 142, 153-4* i93-5> 2 7°> 285, 346, 35 8~9> 375~6 > 3835 recapture of Port Royal by, 1691, 2; menace to English colonies, 6, 8, 40, 73, 193-4, 268-9, 300, 309, 321, 370, 379; Vetch’s trade with, see under Vetch, Colonel Samuel; manifesto to, see under Canada; of Acadia, attitude of, 115, 151-2, 319, 337, 339; of Acadia, reports of harsh treatment by English, see under Annapolis Royal; designs on Annapolis, 147, 368, 383; freedom of religion promised to, 194; officials, forces, religious, to return to France, 195, 282-3; governments of, 264; declaration to those who submit to English, 338; relations with Indians, 358, 376 Friend, Edward, master of Marlborough, storeship, 179, 219, 230 Frontenac, Louis de Buade, Comte de, 4, 5/7., 41-277. Frontenac, Fort, 268 Fundy, Bay of, 149 2F 422 INDEX Fur trade: of New England, 8; of Acadia, 258, 261; of French North America, advantage to Britain in acquiring, 267, 269; of Canada, 299 GALLAIN, M., 249 Garrard, Mr., 294 Gaspe Bay, 141-3, 211, 329, 331, 352, 366, 395; Walker’s fleet shelters in, 33, 87, 136-7, 329, 351, 364-5; news of fleet brought to Quebec from, 393 Gaspe, Cape, 33, 136, 14377., 329, 361 Gaulin, Antoine, S.J., missionary to Indians of Acadia, 247, 249 Gayot, Quebec fur trader, 299 Gelien, Matthew, see Gilieu, Matthew George I, King of England, 46^., 50, Sin., 71 George, Lake, 4; Nicholson advances to, 3» Germans, see Palatine Germans Germany, 61 Gerrish, Richard, speaker of New Hampshire House of Representatives, 258 > 3*°> 372 Gibraltar, 358 Gilbert, Captain Thomas, of Boston: pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Swiftsure, 199; commanded ship of war on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 372-3 Gilieu, Matthew, master of Resolution, transport, 178, 230 Gloucester, Mass., pilot from, 199, 213 Goddard, Captain, of Seymour’s regiment, 34-5, 138 Goddrell, Captain, of Placentia privateer, 265 Godolphin, Sidney, ist Earl of, 279; dismissed from office, 1710, 10, 745 encouraged Walker to plan attacks in America, 73-4 Goodall, Captain, of Milford, in Boston, 368 Goodridge, Walter, master of Francis, New England transport, 215, 231 Gookin, Captain Samuel, appointed to prevent extortionate prices, etc., at Noddles Island camp, 192-3 Gordon, secretary to General Hill, 235; part in acquiring provisions in Boston, 34^-7 Gordon, Captain, of Lowestoft, 212 Gore, Captain Henry, 148; of Dunkirk, 85, 216, 220, 235, 237-8, 251-2, 254-5; of Sunderland, 127, 176-7, 185-7 Grant, Captain, of Boston: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 373; allotted to Basilisk, 199 Grant, Colonel, regiment of, 137*., 18, 290 Graydon, Vice-Admiral John, 15 Green, B., printer to Governor and Council of Massachusetts, 185, 193, 205, 208, 301 Green Bay, Acadia, 243, 296 Greenwood, supplies flat-bottomed boats at Boston, 214 Gregorian calendar, used by French but not by English, xiii, xviii, 156 Guadeloupe, expedition under Walker against French settlements on, 15 HALE (‘cousin’ of Judge Sewall), 389 Hamburg, 52 Hamilton, Lord Archibald, governor of Jamaica, 50 Hanover, 52 Hanway, Captain, of Plymouth, 96 Hardy, Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas, original choice for commander of expedition, 16,59 Harley, Robert, see Oxford, Robert Harley, ist Earl of Harman, Lieutenant, of New England forces, gives account of Quebec, 341 Harman, Richard, master of Rebecca Ann Blessing, storeship, 179, 219, 230 Harradine, Captain John, of Gloucester: pilot for expedition, 372; in reserve, in Edgar, 199, 2o8«.; non-appearance of, 213; of Mountague, evidence before Council of war of August 25, 237 Harris, Captain Richard, of Boston: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Leopard, 199; master of ship of war in Phips’ expedition, 1690, 373 Harrison, Captain, aide de camp to General Hill, 141, 209, 324, 346-7 Harvard College, 6; student of, on Walker expedition, xviii, 390-1; Walker attends Commencement, 112, 342; President of, see Leverett, John; treasurer of, see Brattle, Thomas Harward, Captain, of bomb vessel Basilisk, no INDEX 423 Harward, Jos. or John, of Marblehead: pilot for expedition, to be in reserve, in Edgar, 199, 20877.; non-appearance of, 213 Hathorne, Colonel John, of Massachusetts, 205 Henley, Thomas, hanged as deserter, 346 Henry, Cape, Va., 100 Henshaw, prosecution of, 228 Hett, Rene, of New York, summoned as pilot for expedition, 204, 210 Hill, James or Samuel, of Charlestown: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Edgar and then Kingston, 199-200, 208 n. Hill, Brigadier-General John, 18, 23, 3577., 36;?., 38, 447?., 4877., 49, 51, 95, 97-8, 100-131 passim, 134, 139-52 passim, 16 3-72 passim, 1 79-8077., 183-4, 187-8, 190-3, 203-4, 208-10, 212, 231, 235, 246, 250-1, 285, 287, 290-1, 294, 307-9> 317-32 passim, 335~9> 348-55> 357* 359~62* 365* 3 6 9* 373* 377~8o, 382-3, 388-90; commander of land forces under Walker, xvii, 13-14,19,92; regiment of, 137?., 18, 126, 178, 229; career, 14, 50; complaints against colonies, 23-4, 40, 338; advises Walker to employ Paradis as pilot, 28, 134; attitude after disaster, 36, 38-9, 144-5, 147; Instructions to, 92, 116-17, 2 5 J * 279-86 (text), 337-9, 354; sails on board Devonshire, 94; memorial to Dudley concerning provisions, 114 (text), 321, 343; King’s comment on, 3i5* 3355 Journal of, 335-6, 339~48 (text) Hilliard, Jos., of Salem: pilot for expedition, to be in reserve, in Edgar, 199, 20877.; non-appearance of, 213 Hinds, William: pilot for expedition, 372; allotted to Edgar and then Enterprise, 199-200, 20877.; pilot of Dunkirk, evidence before Council of war of August 25, 237 Hingham, Mass., 204 Hinning, Jos., master of Colchester, transport, 140, 178, 21877., 230 Hobart, Nehemiah, member of corporation of Harvard College, 390 Hobby, Sir Charles, deputy governor of Annapolis Royal, 302, 327, 338, 359, 362; dispute with Walker over releasing marines for expedition, 85, 326-7, 337-8 I Holland, 267, 336; British agent in, see under Agents Holland, William, New Englander rescued from French, 149-50 Holt, Lieutenant-General Henry, 162 Hope Reach, Thames, 1377. Horton, John, purser of Edgar, 108, 254; appointed temporary agent victualler, 24, 85, 103, 188, 344 Hospital ships, 117, 160, 179, 215, 231, 290 Hotel-Dieu, of Quebec, 42, 399^.; L’Histoire de VH6tel-Dleu de Quebec, by Mere Juchereau, xviii, 4377., 391-9 (extract) Howe, John, 279; Paymaster General of guards and garrisons, 49 Howson, Magnus, master of Nathaniel and Elizabeth, transport, 140, 178, 21877., 230 Hudson Bay, 268; English settlements to be retaken after Canada conquered, 286 Hudson River, xv, 4 Hudson’s Bay Company, 286 Hull, Mass., 204 Hunt, Colonel Ephraim, of Massachusetts, 205 Hunter, Robert, governor of New York and the Jerseys, 4677., 116, 119, 191, 2 56* 33i* 35°-** 369* 3755 instructed to prepare secretly for expedition, 12; Instructions to, 73, 167, 268-76 (text), 283, 302, 305; request for a frigate to patrol coast, 109, 190; part in preparations for expedition, no, 125, 190, 203-4, 208-12, 276, 278, 287, 302-7, 310-12, 320-1, 322, 324, 336-7, 346, 352-3; additional Instructions to, concerning Southack, 188; ships put under command of, 210-12; interview with Skachkook Indians, 310-12; Hill’s comment on, 337; recommends Livingston, 341 Huntingdonshire, county of, 51, 62-3 Hutchinson, Elisha, of Massachusetts Council, 124, 207 Hutton, William, master of Content, New England transport, 231 Hyndes, William, see Hinds, William ICEBERGS, Walker’s fleet pass several, 83, He aux CEufs, see CEufs, He aux INDEX Impressment of seamen, forbidden in America by act of parliament, 316-17, 348, 357 Indians, .8, 18, 43, 460., 61, 115, 149, 153, 268, 270, 338, 351, 406; used on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 4; allies of French, menace to English colonies, 6, 40, 73, 194, 242, 247, 258, 267-9, 300, 309, 321; chiefs in London, 1710, 9; in forces under Nicholson, 26, 36;*., 38, no, 246, 274, 325, 337, 379, 382, 391; allies of British, 40, 128, 285-6, 310, 3 2 3> 34^> 3835 harass Annapolis with French, 115, 147, 151-2, 243, 246-7;*., 249> 3’9> 3*3> 3 2 7> 337> 34°; visit of Connecticut Indians to Boston, 121-2, 345; vis** °f Mohawks to Boston, see under Five Nations; invited to help French defend Quebec, 146, 243, 243tf., 33 2 > commissioner for Indian affairs, Albany, see Livingston, Robert; French missionaries among, 283; Maques (Micmacs ?), 305; Hunter’s conference with Skachkooks, 310-12; presents from Queen to, 272, 311-12, 3 r 9> 3375 French and English behaviour to, on Cape Breton Island, 358; English frontiers harassed by, after disaster, 375-6, 380, 383 Ireland, 18, 52, 194, 293-4, 349 Iroquois Indians, see Five Nations of Indians Italy, 61, 270 JACOBITES, danger of invasion of Britain remote, 1710, 12 Jamaica, 15, 19, 50, 84, 86, 246, 326 James II, King of Fngland, 398; financial support to Sir William Phips, 3 Jeffrey, David, merchant, 109 Jenkins, Captain John, of Boston: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Granada, 199; master of Jeremiah and Thomas, New England transport, 215, 231; on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 373 Jones, John, master of Fortune, transport 178, 229 Journal or full Account of the late Expedition to Canada, (1720), by Admiral Sir Hovenden Walker, see under Walker, Admiral Sir Hovenden Juchereau, Mere Francoise de St. Ignace, xviii, 28, 42-4, 391 Juchereau, Paul-Augustine, seigneur de Maure, 400^. KANE, Colonel Richard, 251-2, 354-5; regiment of, to join Walker expedition, 13;*., 18, 126, 280; men of regiment lost in disaster, 140, 333, 350, 352; disposition of regiment of, in fleet, 178, 2i8w., 230 Kempenfelt, Lieutenant-Colonel M., 148, 251-2, 354-5; saved from disaster, 139 Kenn, William, Boston merchant, 240, 296 Kent, Matthew, master of Success Pink, tender, 179, 229 Keyser, Pieter de, Z2n. King, Michael, master of Globe, transport, 178, 2i8w., 230 King, Sir Peter, later ist Baron King of Ockham, Chief Justice of Common Pleas, 1714-25, 62 King, Colonel Richard, xvii, 35^., 44^., 49, 111-12, 114, 134, 142-4, 315-17? 3*7-9> 334-5> 33», 34°-2, 35 2«-» 37&, 388; comment on Hill, 25, 315; comment on New England colonies, 25, 40, 46, 315-17, 321, 3 2 5; commander of artillery train, 127, 131, 341; agrees with Walker on plans after disaster, 145; uneasiness at delays, 293, 316; Journal of, 3*7-27> 3 2 9~34 (texts); sails on board Windsor, 324; discusses desertions, 316-17 King Street, Boston, 388 Kingroad, Boston, 128, 215, 225, 326 Kirk, Colonel Peircy, 251-2, 354-5; 4 companies of regiment transferred from unseaworthy transport, 85; regiment of, 18, 126, 279, 324, 345-6; disposition of regiment in fleet, 179, 229 LA ROCHELLE, 28, 82, 129, 156, 181, 222-3, 266, 295-7, 299, 325, 395 La Ronde and La Ronde Denis, see de la Ronde Denis, Sieur Labrador, 43, 148, 394, 405-6 Lafoury, Major, 191 Lahontan, Baron de, 4 Land’s End, 96^. INDEX 425 Langlois, Arthur, comment on salvage operations from Walker wrecks, 1920 and 1935, xii Larone, M., see de la Ronde Denis, Sieur Lassalle, Sieur de, 297 Laurence, John, master of John and Sarah, storeship, 179, 218^., 231 Laurentian Shield, ix Laval-Montmorency, Francois Xavier, first Bishop of Quebec, 42, 42^. Lavalle, Jean Pierre, sorceries of, and Walker disaster, 44-5 Lavaltrie, Francois Margane, Sieur de, xi, 35??., 43, 394; report of Walker disaster by, 405-7 (text) Lawson, Roger, 8#. Leake, Admiral Sir John, 16, 160-3, 170; object of Walker expedition kept secret from, 20; reinforced by cruisers, 22, 294 Le Ber, Mile., of Montreal, 393 Lediard, Thomas, comment on Walker and his later treatment, 5177., 52, 52^. Lee, Captain, of Bedford Galley, 176 Lee, George, of New England forces, 303 Leech, Captain, of Boston: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197; allotted to Edgar and then Lowestoft, 199, 200, 208«. Leeward Islands, 15, 78 Lespinay, procureur du roi de 1’amiraute*, Quebec, 407-8 Lestock, Captain Richard, 123, 185-7 Leverett, John, President of Harvard College, 389-90 Lewis, John, master of Recovery, transport, 178, 219 Lewis, Thomas, master of Mary, storeship, 179, 203 Leyden, University of, 6 L’Hermitt, engineer of Placentia: letter to Pontchartrain intercepted, 248-50; offered command of French near Annapolis, 249-50 Lilly, merchant of Boston, 343 Lisbon, 157 Lisle, Captain, of Diamond, 176-7 Littleton, Captain James, at Jamaica, 107 Livingston, Major John, 343, 382, 384; knowledge of Quebec, 111-12, 242, 341; to be sent secretly to Quebec with manifesto, 115; on expedition against Port Royal, 1710, 304; to go with force of Indians and English ahead of Nicholson’s force, 316 Livingston, Robert, secretary for Indian affairs, Albany, 272, 312 Lizard Head, 317 Lloyd, Captain, 264 Lloyd, Major Thomas, commander of garrison at St. John’s, account of Canada and Newfoundland, 264-6 London, xviii, 6, 17-19, 39, 61, 69, 80, 82, 92, 96, 106, 157-8, 266, 296, 335, 357> 396 > 4°2, 404 London Gazette, 3977., 74 Long Island, 106 Long, Samuel, master of Blessing, New England transport, 215, 231 Lord High Treasurer, see Oxford, Robert Harley, ist Earl of Louis XIV, 295-300 passim, 309, 3587;., 368, 396, 408; rumour concerning Harley and peace with, 10 Low Countries, see Netherlands Lowndes, William, secretary to Lord High Treasurer, 48;*., 1057*. Lowth, Matthew, master of Reward, hospital ship, 179, 229 Lumber, 380 Lyll, Captain, company of, New England forces, 343 Lynde, Samuel, of Massachusetts, J.P., 207 Lynn, Mass., 205 MACHARTY (MacCartney, Major-General George ?), 264 Mackmath, John, master of Willing Mind, transport, 179, 229 Magdalene Islands, 31, 134**. Mahon, Daniel, purser of Number, 108; appointed temporary agent victualler, 24, 85, 103, 188, 344. See also under Walker expedition Maine, opinion of Vetch on danger of French attack on, 1708, 8 Maldon, Mass., 205 Manhattan Island, N.Y., 402 Manufactures, of Britain, outlet for in North America, 267, 269-70 Marblehead, Mass., 205; pilots from, 197, 199-200, 213 March, Colonel John, commander of New England militia in expedition against Port Royal, 1707, 5-6; explanation of failure of expedition, 6 426 INDEX Marines, 6, 1177., 23, 28, 30, 49, 92-3, 97, 102, 108, 113, 119, 122, 126, 137, 168-9, r 73-5> l88 > 20 3> 222~3> 282 > 292; 400 sent for use against Canada, 171°) 9> 115 shortage of, in Walker fleet, 21, 96-7, 182-4; paymaster of, ^ Whitfield, Walter; in Annapolis Royal, 85, 89, 152, 164, 187, 281, 326-7, 333, 340, 361—2, 374, 382; on Noddles Island, 103, 112; desertions from, 118, 120, 122, 184-5, 206; commanded by Colonel Churchill, 126, 279; Orders concerning those on Walker expedition, 162-3 (^xt), 165, 175 Marlborough, John Churchill, ist Duke of, xii, 45-6; effects of victories on English parties, 12; use of troops from Flanders army for Walker expedition, 13, 137*., 2177.; opposition to appointment of Hill, 14, 147*.; dismissal of, 2177., 45 Marlborough, Sarah Churchill, Duchess of, 13 Marly, France, 295 Marston, Nathaniel, master of John and Hannah, New England transport, 215, 231 Martin, Cornelius, master of Friends Increase, storeship, 179, 219, 230 Martin, John, master of Aldred’s ship, 26677. Martinique, 147, 239, 241-2, 245-6, 265, 326; French settlements on, 15 Mary, Cape (Cape Magdalen ?), 1437*. Maryland, 7, 263, 268, 275; provisions for Walker expedition from, 23, 336; Council of, 337 Maryon, Mr., of Boston, 388 Masham, Mrs., 13-14 Mason, John, master of Pheasant, transport, 178, 230 Massachusetts Bay, Province of, 2-3, 26, 4177., 128-9, 167, 188, 192, 200, 203, 215, 263, 266-7, 301, 308, 318, 373, 380; projects for attacking French colonies, i, 5-6; two militia regiments used against Port Royal, 1710, n; General Assembly of, 877., 24, 30, 106, 121-2, 124, 128, 184, 200-1, 206-7, 228, 258, 262, 301-2, 320, 322, 336, 341, 357, 371, 379-81; asked for loans in aid of expedition, 24, 487;., 106, 320-1, 336, 340-1, 347, 389; King’s comments on, 25,40, 46, 315; secretary of, see Addington, Isaac; Council of, 100-2, 105, 108, no-ii, 124, 126, 130, 185, 187, 193, 205-7, 222-4, 242 > 2 5 8 > 260, 266, 296, 301, 318-19, 321-2, 339-40, 342~3> 345> 357, 35 8 «;> 37*> 381, 389; House of Representatives of, 124, 260, 266, 300; addresses of government of, to Queen, 258-60 (text), 266-7, 321, 369-71 (text); lack of provision for governor and deputy in, 381. See also under New England colonies Mast fleet, 134, 164, 202, 329, 361, 368, 377, 384 Master, Harcourt, Walker’s agent in England, 82 Master attendant, see Young, Alexander Masters, Nenyon, master of Dolphin, storeship, 179, 219, 230 Mather, Cotton, 2-5 Mather, Increase, 3 Mathews, Captain, of Chester, 102-4, 107, 127, 129, 133-4, J 52 > l89» 2l6> 245, 302-3, 320; takes French sloop Neptune, 128, 134, 221, 223 Mayhew, Captain John, of New London: summoned as pilot for expedition, 197, 372; allotted to Dunkirk, 199 Medfield, Mass., 205 Mediterranean, 2 in., 57, 274 Merit, Solomon, Sr., London correspondent of Major Thomas Lloyd, 264, 26477. Merrit, Nicholas, pilot for expedition, allotted to Edgar and then Tritons Prize, 199, 200, 20877. Mexico, 264, 268-9 Michael, Saint, 399 Militia, colonial, 208; in Phips’ expedition, 1690, 4; in expedition against Port Royal, 1707, 5; in expedition against Port Royal, 1710, n, 257, 259-60; in overland expedition under Nicholson, 1711, see under names of colonies; in garrison of Annapolis, 12; to guard colonies during expedition, 2 74? 3°5 Miller, Captain Abraham, of Charlestown: summoned as pilot for expedition, X 97, 37 2 > allotted to Sapphire or Pe<versham, 199,=”” 200;=”” aboard=”” edgar,=”” temporarily,=”” 20877.;=”” pilot=”” of=”” s<wiftsure,=”” evidence=”” before=”” council=”” war=”” sept.=”” 25,=”” 236-7=”” milton,=”” mass.,=”” 204=”” index=”” 427=”” mines,=”” boston=”” tailor,=”” 343=”” ministre=”” de=”” la=”” marine,=”” see=”” pontchartrain,=”” m.=”” mississippi=”” river,=”” 268-95=”” french=”” governor=”” on,=”” 264=”” valley,=”” 2=”” mitchell,=”” captain=”” john,=”” monmouth,=”” 85,=”” 127,=”” 132,=”” 176-7,=”” 185-7,=”” 216,=”” 219-20,=”” 235~8=””> 251-2, 254-5 Mitchell, John, of Massachusetts, pilot for expedition, 372 Mohawks, see under Five Nations of Indians Money, English, to be saved for Quebec and not used in Boston, 336 Mons, siege of, 14 Monseignat, agent de la ferme, in Quebec, 398, 407-8 Montigny, sent to lead French near Annapolis, 246 Montpelles, Cape, St. Lawrence River, Montreal, 42^., 75, 257, 265, 268, 273, 3^9> 393> 399; overland expedition against, under Nicholson, xv, 4, 7, 23, 246, 264, 307-8, 310, 316, 368-9, 375~6> 392; advance on, 1709, 7, 273; Nicholson abandons attack on, see under Nicholson, Colonel Francis; French forces concentrated at, 119, 333; provisions for Nicholson’s troops, see under Provisions and stores; militia °f> 3935 rejoicing in, at failure of expedition, 41, 398 Monts, Pointe des, St. Lawrence River, x, xiv; currents off, 34 Moody, Captain, of Torbay, Walker complains of, 289 Moody, Colonel John, to be lieutenantgovernor of St. John’s, Newfoundland, 243 Moody, Nicholas, 96; appointed master of Sunderlandj 86 Moore, Arthur: on lack of secrecy concerning preparations for Walker expedition, 1 8; part in preparations for expedition, 278 Morgan, William T., of Indiana University, researches on political background of Walker expedition, xix Mount Pilles, see Montpelles, Cape Mulbay (Murray Bay), St. Lawrence River, 236-7 Munier, in command of French merchant ship, 241 Murray, General James, Quebec garrison under, 1760, xv Mutiny, courts martial try men for, 346-7 Myles, Rev., chaplain of Humber, 389 NANTASKET Road, Boston, 3, n, 81, 83-4, 104-5, 120, 132, 185-92, 208, 211-13, 216, 219-21, 227-8, 318, 326, 335> 338-9> 347» 35°-I > Humber runs on rock in, 100, 318 Nantes, 95, 181; merchant ships from, at Placentia, 239, 296 Nantucket Island, 303; mistakenly written for Nantasket, q.v., 350 Naval stores, hopes of obtaining when French North America conquered, 257-8, 261, 270, 380 Navy Board, 47, 65, 86, 346; bills drawn on, for Walker expedition, 46, 63, 92, 105, 105;*., 115, i66tf. Navy, Commissioners of, 48, 82,166, 288; handicapped by secrecy concerning Walker expedition, 19-20 Navy, Royal, 58, 62-3, 69, 80-1 Negro, Cape, Nova Scotia, Walker’s fleet off, 132, 132^. Negroes, of New England, 338, 344-5 Nelson, John, of Long Island: discusses St. Lawrence River, 106-7; consulted about Annapolis Royal, 115 Neret, Quebec fur trader, 299 Netherlands, 8, 277 Netmaker, John, commissary of stores, 49, 166, 254, 284, 322-3, 341-4* 346~7> 377; Instructions to, 287-9 (text) Neutrality, Treaty of Peace and, 1686, between England and France, i, 193, ’93*. Newberry, merchant, 109 New England colonies, 1-2, 7, 9-10, 18, 25, 46, 63, 75-6, 78-9, 84, 88, 99, 106, 109, 126, 128, 131, 133, 135, 143-7* 152-3, 164-6, 185-7, 189-90, 192, 201-3, 208, 211-14, 216, 219, 226-7, 229, 242, 256-7, 266, 268, 271-2, 274, 280, 282, 318, 331, 336-8, 351, 355-6, 362, 371* 377> 380; trade of, 8,373, 378; fisheries of, 8, 84; preparations for Walker expedition in, 23, 81-2,101-31, 184-5, 187-229, 280-2, 287-8, 302-10; forces of, on Walker expedition, 23, 39, 81, 85, 109-10, 112-13, 118, 124, 128, 148, 150, 152, 165, 184, 187, 192, 215, 428 INDEX 223-4,245,251-2,273,281-2,295-6, 298,300-6,309,318-19,323,325,328, 34°~3> 345> 355>.359~6l > 3^6, 377, 382-3; desertions in, see under Desertion; efforts of French to alienate, from English allegiance, 25, 146, 240, 240^., 296, 332, 358, 358^.; reaction to failure of Walker expedition, 39-41, 369-72, 376, 380, 396; English resentment against, after disaster, 45-6; petitions from merchants of, 46-7; accusations against Walker, after disaster, 72-3, 76; cost of Phips’ expedition to, 78; dispute over rate of exchange in, see Exchange, rate of; Council of war of governors of, see under Council of war; university of, see Harvard College; ships to guard coasts of, 119, 200-2, 224; freedom of trade, fishing, etc., in conquered areas, 259, 261-3, 266-7; no disorder among English troops in, 338; complaints against, see under names of senior officers on expedition; losses in troops garrisoning Annapolis, 370-1 Newfoundland, 25, 87, 118, 135, 143, 149-50, 154, 156, 163, 166, 169, 201, 238, 244, 265-70, 286, 317, 325, 329, 354-5, 358^.; dependence on seapower, 2; Great Bank of, 84, 98, 154; French report on, 147, 238-41, 243; hardships of people of, 151; provisions from, 118 New France, 3, 36^., 147, 245, 297, 402 New Hampshire, Province of, 41^., 128, 167, 200, 203, 214, 262—3, 268, 305, 308, 370, 380; militia regiment in attack on Port Royal, 1710, n; addresses of Governor, Council and Representatives to Queen, 257-8, 308- 310, 371-2 (texts) Newhaven, Conn., 304, 368 New Jersey, 268, 275, 302, 306; preparations for Walker expedition in, 23, 164, 271, 308; Assembly of, 304 New London, Conn., 109, 190, 196, 262, 33 *> 337> 353> 3^95 Council of war meets in, 23, 126, 302-8, 318, 339-40 New York, Province of, 9,109-10,116-17, 119, 165,167, 191, 196, 201-2, 210—12, 250, 262-4, 268, 274-5, 282, 3Q2> 3°4> 306, 308, 324, 326,333, 345, 347, 358^., 3<$9> 375> 377> 380, 382; preparations for Walker expedition in, 12, 23, 164, 203-4, 208-10, 246, 270-1, 274; provisions from, for expedition, 26, 104-5, 107, no, 125, 150, 164, 202-4, 208-11, 250, 274, 303, 310, 320-1, 323> 33i> 336-7> 339> 347> 352~35 reactions to failure of Walker expedition, 39-41, 46-7, 375; stores sent to, for forces raised there, 83-4, 98, 100, 103-5, I29> r ^4> i^4»., 189-90, 280-1, 284, 287, 303, 315, 318-20, 324, 337, 339> 346> 3745 Assembly of, 209, 304, 375; Council of, 336, 375 Nicholson, Colonel Francis, 25, 36^., 41, 46, 75, 84, 100, 103, 131, 169, 196, 202, 210, 242;?., 257, 284, 293, 318-20, 324, 326, 336-7, 339, 345, 359, 368-9, 375-7» 379-8o, 382-5, 389* 39 1 * 396> 399-401, 403; advocate of conquest of Acadia and Canada, 6—7, 12; character and career, 7, 46^.; commander of land forces in projected attack on Montreal, 1709. 7; commander of attack on Port Royal, 1710, 7, 10-12, 256-60, 262; commander of expedition against Montreal, 1711, 7, 272, 310, 316, 318; brings Indian chiefs to London, 1710. 9; part in preparations in New England, 17, ijn.y 23-4, 59, 100, 119, 121-2,124-5, I28> 130,147,171,171**., 174-6, 190, 205, 242, 245, 245^., 263, 271, 278-9, 281-2, 287, 289, 291, 301-7 passim, 308-12, 315, 323, 357; abandons attack on Montreal after disaster, 38, 142, 331, 351, 366, 376, 396; attack on Walker, 40, 72-3; neglect in not sending transports to New York, 84, 100, 202, 315, 318-19, 321, 323, 339, 345; Walker’s comments on, 119; Instructions to, 167; Vetch’s comments on, 385 Ningston, see Livingston, Major Noddles Island, camp of British forces on Walker expedition, 23, 101, 127, 192, 3i9> 322, 340, 342, 346; marines put ashore at, 103; review of forces on, 112, 116, 127, 322, 344; troops from, reembarked, 121-2, 127, 205-6; wells on, dry up, 345 Nore, the, 92 Norris, Francis, master of Martha and Hannah, New England transport, 215, 231 Norris, Admiral Sir John, 157 North America, i, 9-10, 12, 14**., 17, 36?*., 4872., 100, 114, 124, 126, 163, 167-9, 251, 256-7, 262, 268-^0, IJrj, 276-7, 283-6, 288, 294, 300, 318, 334, INDEX 429 336, 340, 354) 356) 35 8~9> 4°8, 410; French power in, 1-2, 73, 269, 376; French support for colonies in, i6«.; French knowledge of British plans to attack, see under France; desertions from navy in ports of, see under Desertion; British tide to, 193-4, 258, 266, 273-4, 379; form of government in British colonies of, 278, 325 North-West Point, Anticosti Island, xiii, 33 Notre Dame des Victoires, Quebec, see under Quebec Nova Scotia, 7, 10, i6n., 46^., 132, 238, 246, 257-8, 260-2, 268, 270, 293, 353; disposal of lands in, 259-60; declaration to inhabitants who submit to English, 338 GEuFS, lie aux, St. Lawrence River, ixxii, xx, 34, 43, 141-2, 143^., 395; North Reef, xi; North-East Reef, xi; no mention of, on Walker’s charts, 29; Walker’s fleet cruises near, 36; Walker’s fleet wrecked off, 45, 141, 330, 333-4, 3 5 2 ) 394) 406 Orange, see Albany, N.Y. Ordnance Board, 48, 92, 168, 328 d’Orleans, He, known as He des Sorciers, 44, 44«., 45 Orrery, Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of, 36^. Ostend, 13^., 18 Oxford, Robert Harley, ist Earl of, 12, 14, 47«., 48*., 279, 289, 375, 384; appointed Lord High Treasurer and Chancellor of Exchequer, 1710, 10; comment on Walker expedition, 72, 410-12; further articles of impeachment of, 408—10 (text); answer to the further articles of impeachment, 410-12 (text); attempted assassination of, 411, 41 in. PADDON, Captain George, of Edgar, 34, 85, 105, 107, 115, 127, 137-8, 144-5, 185, 187, 208, 216, 235, 237-8, 251-2, 354-5) 3^55 later career, 51 Palatine Germans, used in force for overland expedition against Montreal, 26, 271, 337 Paradis, Captain, of captured French sloop Neptune, xv, 235, 395; rumour of duplicity of, xv, 28, 395; pilot on Walker expedition, 28, 134, 395; little known of, 28-9; comments on navigational difficulties of St. Lawrence, 2 9~3°) I29) r 35» Vetch’s suspicions of, see under Vetch, Colonel Samuel; advice in Gulf of St. Lawrence, 31-3 Paris, xvii-xviii, 38, 41, 240, 2407*., 247, 358 Parliament, 45-7, 57, 161, 244, 321, 409-10, 412; committee of, 47; Act of, forbidding impressment in American colonies, see under Impressment Partington, Captain H., of Warwick, 146, 238, 250, 368 Paston, Captain, of Feversham, 127, 211—12, 2l6 Paterson, William, 8 Paymaster general of land forces on expedition, see Arnott, John Paymaster of forces abroad, see Brydges, James, later ist Duke of Chandos Pearcy, Cheeseman, master of Mary, storeship, 179, 219, 230 Pemberton, Ebenezer, member of corporation of Harvard College, 390 Pennsylvania, no, 167, 263, 268, 302; preparations for Walker expedition in, 23, 164, 271, 308, 310, 323 Pentecote, x Pepys, Samuel, 147*. Perkins, Captain Beamsly, of Dispatch, frigate, New England transport, 215, 231, 364-5 ^ Perry, Micajah, London merchant, Nicholson’s correspondent, 279 Perth-Amboy, N.J., 209 Peter I, the Great, Tzar of Russia, 51, 70 Philadelphia, Pa., provisions for expedition from, 209 Philips, George, master of Adventure, New England transport, 231 Phillips, Colonel John, of Massachusetts, 205 Phips, Captain Samuel, appointed to prevent extortionate prices, etc., at Noddles Island camp, 192—3 Phips, Sir William, 42, 79, 236-7; expedition against Quebec, 1690, xiv, f-5) 2 9) 78,114-15) 366,372-3; original journal of, acquired by Walker and lost on Edgar, 29, 114, 157; seamen on expedition of, called in to advise Walker,29, 316, 372-3; previous career, 3; governor of New England, 79; urged further attacks on Quebec, 79 43° INDEX Pickering, Captain, of Province Galley, 129, 189-90 Pigeon, English prisoner at Fort St. Louis, 400, 400^., 401 Pilots, for St. Lawrence River, xv, xvii, 2, 88, 125, 130, 134, 140-3, 198-9, 208, 2o8«., 2ii, 228, 235-8, 249, 316, 323* 3 6 5> 372, 376, 3795 competence of, xiv-xv, 28, 30-1, 36, 40, 77, 88, 102, no, 116-18, 142, 204, 236-8, 330* 35 1 * 354* 373~4> 380; finding of, 27-9, 40, 104, 115-18, 123, 196-200, 203-4, 210, 214, 378, 380; Paradis as, see under Paradis, Captain; composite chart of St. Lawrence River made by, 29, no, 115, 374, 380; Vetch as, see under Vetch, Colonel Samuel; testify to Council of war of August 25, 36, 141-2, 236-7, 365-6, 373; Vetch’s comments on, 38, 132, 362-4; Walker’s comments on, 77-8, 102-3, no, 116, 132^., 133,196-7,199-200, 213; advice of, in St.Lawrence River, 87* i37~8> 235-7> 352> 3 66$ French, in Plymouth, volunteers to serve, 95, 102-3, 132-3, 138, 181, 363; names of those from New England, 197, 199-200, 372-3; sent to England with reports after disaster, 376, 379-80, 382 for Acadian and New England coasts, 84, 99> ’33> 303 for coast of Newfoundland, 143, 331 Pinder, Captain, of Colonel Clayton’s regiment, lost in disaster, 333 Piscataqua,N.H., 115, 188, 250, 262, 272, 274-5; P^ot fr°m> X 99> 213-14 Placentia, Newfoundland, 2, 76, 82, 84, 100, 104, 107, 115-16, 142-3, I49-5 1 * 156, 166, 189, 202, 238-40;*., 245, 246^., 248, 264, 264^., 284, 295-8, 320, 327-8, 331, 333, 339-40* 352~4* 358, 366, 379; abortive expedition against, 1703, 15; French reports of British plans to attack, 1711, 19, 146-7; discussion in Spanish River of prospects of taking, 38, 89, 144-6, 352, 354-5, 366; decision not to attack, 39, 75-6, 89, 148, 252, 334, 352, 355, 366; lack of provisions in, 76, 146-7, 150, 239, 241, 247-8, 332; plan of, 143; French governor of, see Costebelle, M. de; engineer of, see L’Hermitt; Costebelle’s report on state of, 238-41, 243, 247, 332; French merchant ships at, 239, 244; privateers of, see under Privateers; defences of, 243, 243^., 247-9, 265, 266«., 296-7, 332 Plymouth, 28, 57, 81-2, 93, 95-7, 102, i32-3> i57» 163, 168, 172, 178, 180-1, 292-3* 3 r 5* 328, 335; Walker expedition sails from, 22, 317 Pocasset, Mass., 205 Pointe aux Anglais, see Anglais, Pointe aux Pontchartrain, Fort, Labrador, 43, 405 Pontchartrain, M. de, French Minister of Marine, 41, 406; sends agent to Boston, 2 5> 358, 358^.; letters to, intercepted, 38, 146, 238-50, 331-2, 353, 358; sends news of Walker expedition to Vaudreuil, 43; concern for defences of Quebec, 240^., 295 Portland, Dorset, 39, 93, 156^., 157 Portmore, Major General David Colyear, ist Earl of, nn. Port Royal, see Annapolis Royal Porto Rico, 14^. Ports, colonial, embargo placed on, for secrecy, 30, 276, 304, 328, 379 Portsmouth, 11, 17, 19, 49, 91-2, 157, 170, i7i«., 172, 180, 278, 290, 293, 317* 377 Portsmouth, N.H., 257, 371 Portugal, iiw., 35;;., 49, 222, 265, 270, 274; settlement near Rio de Janeiro plundered by French, 22; reinforcements for army in, 172 Post-Man, newspaper, 74, 77 Prentice, Sherriff, 307 Privateers, 39, 389; Dutch, 95; English, 146, 241, 332; of Martinique, 147, 245-6; from Audierne, Newfoundland, taken by Mountague, 150-1; French, of Placentia, 241, 265; French, of Annapolis, 8, 258-9 Privy Council, 58, 62, 408-9 Protestant religion, extension of, in conquest of French North America, 273, 278 Prout, merchant, 345 Provence, ships from, to Quebec, 327 Providence, Bahamas, destroyed, 1703, 15 Provisions and stores, 2i«., 27, 58-9, 74, 9 J ~3* 95~6* I0 3> 106, no* “7* 123-4, 126-8, 135, 142-3, 147, 152-3, 160-1, 165, 171, 173-4, 190, 213-14, 245, 275, 281, 292-3, 303, 305, 316, 318, 323-4, INDEX 333* 343-7, 374-5* 377~9> 382; for proposed English garrison of Quebec, xv-xvi, 26, 64, 74-5, 117, 251; Walker’s fleet under-supplied with, 2O-in., 171-2, 292; acquisition of, in New England, 21, 2 3-4> 38-4°* 64-5, 85, 101, 103-5, 107-9, “i-i4> 117-18, 134, 147, 188, 192-3, 220, 302, 308, 319-23, 328, 335, 337, 341-4; price of, in New England, 23-4, 64-5, 82, lor, 103, 114, 119, 322, 379; miscellaneous stores, 27, 112, 315, 320, 378; shortage of, on expedition, 38-9, 74-6, 89, 144, 148, 251-2, 332-3, 35 2* 354-5> 35^; Walker asked to explain bills for, 46, 63-4; details of payments for, 48^., 49-505 lack of, in Placentia, see under Placentia; naval stores, 64, 93, 100-3, 105, 119, 166, 220; for colonial forces, 101, 109-10, 112, 125, 223, 342; ordnance stores, 102-3, IX 5> J 65, *68, 179, 202, 220-1, 257, 271, 275, 280-2, 284, 287, 319, 324, 333, 338; for use while in Boston, 103, 105, 108, 112, 319-22, 324, 340, 342, 347; surgical equipment, in, 117; from colonies, etc., see under names of colonies; account of, presented to Council of war of Sept. 8, 148, 252-4, 331-2, 352, 355; delay in sending after expedition, 148, 250-2, 331, 352, 354-5; for Nicholson’s troops, 273, 3°3-4* 3i°* 318-19, 327* 344* 3 68 5 Instructions to Netmaker concerning, 288; in Annapolis, 384 Pumpkin Island, Bay of Fundy, 149 Punctuation, in documents, xix QUEBEC, ix— xi, xvi, xviii, 8, i in., 12, 14^., 26, 28-30, 35«., 36, 36^., 38, 41, 42;*., 44-5, 51, 63-7, 74, 76, 81-3, 85-6, 88, 100, 107, 112, 115-17, 120, 125, 129, 156, 165, i66n., 181, 196, 211, 236-9, 241-2, 246, 246^., 248-50, 257, 264, 273, 282-3, 286, 298, 303-4, 306, 316, 320-1, 325-8, 333, 336-7, 339, 341, 344, 347* 35 2* 357~9* 3 6 *-2* 368-9, 37*-3> 37 6 * 378, 380, 382, 391, 393, 395-6, 405, 408, 410; decision to turn back from, xiv, 142, 330, 351-2, 354, 366; dangers of wintering in, xv-xvi, 26, 74-5, 134-6, 251, 323, 354, 357; projects for attacks on, xviii, 1-2, 5, 9; Phips’ expedition against, see under Phips, Sir William; defences of, 12, 28, 75, 107, 115, 119, 146, 150, 181, 221, 240^., 242, 242»., 264-5, 315, 320, 322, 333*338,34** 392-3 5 French knowledge of preparations against, 17—19, 147, 239* 239^., 245, 264, 326, 331-2, 392; thanksgiving in, after disaster, 41-3, 394, 396-8; Lower Town, 42; Notre Dame des Victoires, 42, 393, 396—8; Queen’s Instructions for treatment of, 283; reinforcements for, from France, 295* 297-9; P^n of, 315, 328, 341 RAINSFORD, Captain, on Phips1 expedition, 1690, 78 Rame Head, Cornwall, 94^., 96 Ramezay, Claude de, governor of Montreal, 264 Raudot, Sieur Jacques, Intendant of New France, 241 (? spelt Recudat); returns to France, 299, 397 Rawlin, J., master of Barbados, New England transport, 109, 231 Ray, Cape, Newfoundland, 133-4, 142, 150, 241 (? as Cape Dere), 327, 329 Recruitment of men in colonies, 23, 26-7, 122, 167-8, 222-5, 348, 357; Walker asks for replacements for naval deserters, 119, 226-7. See also under Impressment Recudat, see Raudot, Sieur Jacques Redgood, see Bedgood, Captain Jeffrey Rednap, Colonel, 304 Redshaw, Christopher, master of Happy Union, transport, 229 Religion, freedom of, promised to French in Canada, 194 Remington, Jonathan, member of corporation of Harvard College, 390 Reynolds, Mr., 264 Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, 8, 105, 109, 128-9, 167, 190, 196, 250, 263, 268, 305-6, 310, 371, 380; militia contingent in expedition against Port Royal, 1707, 5; militia regiment in attack on Port Royal, 1710, n; galley of, bringing troops, 128; governor and company of, 256, 260; Assembly of, 303, 305; preparations for expedition in, 347 Richards, Henry, master of Rebecca, New England transport, 215, 231 432 INDEX Richards, John, master of Unity, New England hospital ship, 231 Richardson, lighterman of Boston, 123 Rivet, greffier of Quebec, 407 Roberton, Major, of Massachusetts forces, 304 Rochefort, France, 297, 299; supplies to Placentia from, 239 Rocky River, Canada, xiii Roffe, James, see Rosse, James Rogers, Luke, master of Two Sheriffs, transport, 179, 219, 230 Rooke, Sir George, 14 Roseway, Port, Nova Scotia, 374 Rosse, James, of Salem: pilot for expedition, to be in reserve, in Edgar, 199, 2o8«.; non-appearance of, 213 Rotherford, Edward, master of Anna, storeship, 179, 2i8«., 231 Rouille, see Rouville, Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouse, Captain Augustin, 86; of’Sapphire, 31, 136, 140, 154, 234-8, 354, 364, 3 7 7; of Dunkirk, 83,127; of Sunderland, 216, 219 Rouville, Jean-Baptiste Hertel de, sent to Boston, 242-3 Roxbury, Mass., 107, 118, 205, 341 Russia, 51 SABLE, Cape, Nova Scotia, 30, 84, 99, 99*., 245, 318, 323, 327, 363, 388 Sable Island, 84, 99 Saco, Maine, 149 Saguenay River, 299; reached by Phips’ expedition, 1690, 3 Sainte-Anne, Rue, Paris, 17 St. Castin, Baron Anselme de, 242, 246 St. Domingo, 129, 239 St. Helen’s, I.O.W., 39, 93-4, 157, 177, 291-3 St. James, Court of, 92, 163, 167 St. James” Post, 69 St. Jean de Luz, merchant ships from, at Placentia, 239 St. John, Henry, later ist Viscount Bolingbroke, xvii, 13;*., 367*., 47, 47«., 48^., 51, 91, 96, 157, 160, 173-4? 181-4, 302, 306, 308, 315, 317, 327, 3*9> 334, 339, 348-9> 353, 355~7, 359-60, 368, 372, 377,4o8w.; advocates cftftquest of Canada, 12-13; part in planning Walker expedition, 13-22, 91-3, 160, 168-72, 175-6, 180, 271, 276-8, 289-95; appointment of Walker and Hill, 14, 16; anxiety concerning French activities, 16, 96, 348, 356; attitude to secrecy about preparations for expedition, 17-20;*., 172; impatience at delays, 22, 96, 170, 171^., 175-6, 180, iSow.; reception of Walker after disaster, 45; effects of disaster on, 46;*., 157; letter book of, 163^. St. John’s, Newfoundland, 36^., 149, 156, 240-1, 245-6, 248, 264^., 265, 296, 329; English re-establish governor and garrison in, 243—4 St. Lawrence, Cape, Cape Breton Island, 134*-, 143*- St. Lawrence, Gulf of, xvi, r, 43, 102, 105, 128, 216, 268, 331, 358; gales in, on Phips’expedition, 1690, 4; Humber and Devonshire sent to cruise in, 30, 86; Walker’s fleet in, 31, 87, 134; charts of, 123 St. Lawrence Pilot, x, xiii, 1337*. St. Lawrence River, xvi, i, 2in., 26-7, 29-30, 36, 36^., 41, 43, 59, 64, 74, 83, 85, 87, 95, 102-3, 105-7, 116-17, 129, 134-7, 141-2, 146, 148-9, 165-6, 188, 196, 204, 2io-ii, 235-8, 245, 249, 264, 268, 273-4, 282, 295, 322-3, 327-30, 332-4, 337-8, 340, 350-2, 354, 357, 363-5? 3 6 8-9, 372-82 passim, 394-5, 402, 408, 410; North shore of, ix-xi, 34-5, 44, 87-8, 135, 137-41, H3-4, 35°, 352, 361, 365, 406; fisheries of, see under Fisheries; rocks, shoals, etc., in, xi, xii, 29, 34-5, 77-8, 87-8, 135, 138-9, 316, 330, 350, 373, 395J weather in, xii-xv, 3-4, 29, 33-5, 44, 6°, 77-8, 87-8, 135, 137-9*-, 237, 3i6, 330, 350-1, 365, 395; currents in, xii—xiv, 29, 33—4^., 77-8, 88, 135, 137, 142, 236, 316, 350, 354, 3^55 Phips’ experiences in, xiv, 3-4, 78, 114-15, 236-7; pilots for, see under Pilots; maps and charts of, 29, no, 115, 123, 157, 212, 328, 341, 373, 377, 380; reported losses of French ships in, 129, 146, 149-50, 236, 239, 239^., 357; French reliance on difficulties of, as defence, 147, 245, 245^., 248-9, 298, 332, 402 St. Lo, Captain George, 14;*. St. Louis, Fort, 266;;., 400^. St. Malo, 16; merchant ships from, at Placentia, 239, 296 INDEX 433 St. Mary’s Bay, Newfoundland, 15 St. Ovid, Captain, of French frigate Valeur, 239-41; destroyed defences of St. John’s, 244 St. Paul Island, 30, 133-4;;., J 42 > 2II > S 2 ?* 3 2 9> 349> 364 St. Pierre, Lac, 327 St. Vallier, Jean Baptiste de la Croix Chevrieres de, Bishop of Quebec, 42 Salem, Mass., 205; pilots from, 197, 199, 213 Saltonstall, Gurdon, governor of Connecticut, 303-5, 263, 307, 368-9, 375-6 Sandy Hook, N.J., 203 Saunders, Admiral Sir George, xiv-xv Scarlets Wharf, Boston, 388 Schuyler, Lieutenant-Colonel Johannes, 310-11 Schuyler, Colonel Peter, 304-5, 307, 310; second in command of land forces under Nicholson, 272 Scilly Islands, 22, 57, 82-4, 96, 9677., 9777., 9877., 9977., 156-7, 182-3, 335 Sea coal, 259, 261, 266-7; obtained from Cape Breton Island by French and English, 154 Sea, command of, dependence of Canada and Newfoundland on, 2; doctrine abandoned by France by end of i7th century, 2 Seal Island, Nova Scotia, 318 Seigneley, M. de, 577. Sept Isles, [lies] St. Lawrence River, ix—x, 27, 102, 141, 407; currents off, 34 Sergeant, Peter, of Massachusetts Council, 124 Sewall, Samuel, of Massachusetts Council, 124; Diary, extracts from, 388-9 Seymour, Lieutenant-General William: regiment of, 18, 39, 126, 138, 173, 280, 290, 347; men of regiment lost in disaster, 140, 333, 350, 352; disposition of regiment, in fleet, 178, 230 Shannon, Major-General Viscount: appointed general of land forces against Canada, 1710, 10—115 contingent delayed and cancelled, 11-12 Shelter Bay, Canada, x, xiii Shepard, Mr., 389 Ships’ Names Adventure (George Philips, master), of New England, 50, 156, 231, 344, 346 Adventure (Captain Wade), 377; to convoy Mary transport from Ireland, 349 Ships’ Names—continued Aigle (74 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Anchor and Hope (J. Brewer, master), of New England, 231 Anna (Edward Rotherford, master), 179, 21877., 231 Anna (Edward Smith, master), of New England, 214-15, 231 Antelope (John Anderson, master), of New England, 215, 231 Apollon (72 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Assurance (66 guns), 95-6, 181-2 Barbados (J. Rawlin, master), of New England, 50, 109, 231, 344, 346 Basilisk (bomb vessel, Captain Harward), 8177., no, 127, 16077., 163, 177, 216-18, 231; pilot for, 199; deserter from, 228 Bedford Galley (32 guns, Captain Lee), 93, 176-7; detached from fleet, 97 Blenheim (Thomas Simmons, master), 178. 21877., 230 Blessing (Thomas Clarke, master), 142, 179. 219, 230, 23477. Blessing (Samuel Long, master), of New England, 215, 231 Brillant (74 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Chatham (John Alexander, master), 178, 21877., 230; lost in disaster, 140, 334> 35 2 Chester (50 guns, Captain Mathews), 8177., 82, 86,101-2,109,127,129-30, 152, 190, 196, 201, 216-18, 228, 302, 327; in expedition against Port Royal, 1710, n; convoys transports to New York, 84, 103-4, l8 9> I 9 I > 320; cruises off Placentia and Cape Breton, 104, 117, 189, 202; rejoins Walker, 134, 245, 364; movements after disaster, 134—5, 202; pilot for, 199-200, 329; takes prize, 347, 357 Colchester (Jos. Hinning, master), 178, 21877., 230; lost in disaster, 139, 140, 334> 352 Content (William Hutton, master), of New England, 231, 344, 346; loss of, 3577., 50, 140 Dartmouth (54 guns), 1477. Delight (Stephen Thomas, master), 178, 229 Deptford (50 guns), on expedition against Port Royal, 1707, 5 434 INDEX Ships’ Names—continued Devonshire (80 guns, Captains Arris, Cooper), 8177., 85-6, 88, 94, 97, 100, 117, 119, 127-8, 133, 156, 172, 174, 176-7, 180, 182-3, I ^5-7> 20672., 216-18, 231, 291-2, 331, 339, 388; added to Walker’s fleet, 20-1, 93, 169-71, 289-90; cruises in Gulf of St. Lawrence, 30, 3077., 86, 134, 327, 329; loses topmasts, 83,93,97,292-3; Hill sails in, 94; to be sent home, 107, 322-4, 328, 335; deserters from, 228; temporarily retained, 327 Diamond (40 guns, Captain Lisle), 94, 176-7; chased by four ships in Channel, 95; detached from fleet, 97 Dispatch (24 guns, Captain Perkins), of New England, 215, 217, 231, 23477., 362, 364-5; leads fleet, piloted by Vetch, 30, 363-4 Dolphin (Nenyon Masters, master), 179, 219, 230 Dolphin (Samuel Ems, master), of New England, 213, 215, 231 Dragon (50 guns), on expedition against Port Royal, 1710, n Dunkirk (60 guns, Captains Butler, Rouse, Gore), 8177., 84, 89, 93, 99, 106, in, 127-8, 145, 156, 16077., 163, 176-7, 20677., 216-18, 220, 230, 235, 318, 388; chases prize against orders, 83, 98, 186-7, 318-19; Captain Butler of, succeeded by Rouse, 83; change of master in, 86; signal and lighting arrangements with, 94; arrives at Boston before fleet, i oo; pilot for, 199, 237; deserters from, 228 Eagle (Thomas or William Clifton, master), 139, 141, 178, 229; loss of men from, 153 Edgar (70 guns, Captains Soanes, Paddon), 24, 28, 8177., 85, 87, 89, 92-3, 96, 100, 103, in, 125, 127-8, 138, 146, 151, 16077., 162-3, 169, 171-4, 176-8, 20677., 216-18, 227-9, 232-3* 235* 251, 289-92, 344, 354, 356-7; Walker’s flagship, 30, 85, 92-3, 108,130, 362-3; blows up after return, 39, 397;., 51, 56, 58, 61, 68, 11477., 157-8, 396; chases prize against orders, 83, 98, 185-6; pilots aboard, 199, 208; deserters from, 228 Elizabeth (John Welsh, master), of New England, 213, 215, 231 Ships* Names—continued Enterprise (40 guns, Captain Smith), xvii, 135, 150, 209, 216-17, 333, 353, 361; Walker sends for, from New York, 83, 196, 201; sent to Annapolis after disaster, 89, 152, 366, 382; pilot for, 199-200 Essex (70 guns), conscribed as escort, by Walker, 22, 96, 177, 181-2; sent back to Plymouth, 97, 182 Experiment (32 guns, Captain Elford), 93> 95> X 76-7J detached from fleet, 97 Falmouth (50 guns), on expedition against Port Royal, 1710, n Feversham (36 guns, Captain Paston), 127, 135, 142, 208-10, 212, 216-17; founders off Cape Breton, xv, 74, 375; on expedition against Port Royal, 1710, ii; ordered to Quebec with food transports, 26; sent for from New York by Walker, 83, 125, 196, 201; pilot for, 199-200; survivors from, 375 Fidelle (70 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Fortune (John Jones, master), 178, 229 Four Friends (Matthew or J. Vybert, master), of New England, 142, 215, 231, 23477. Francis (Walter Goodridge, master), of New England, 215, 231 Friends Adventure (Henry Few, master), of New England, 231 Friends Increase (Cornelius Martin, master), 179, 219, 230 George (Isaac Dove, master), 178, 21877., 230 Globe (Michael King, master), 178, 21877., 230 Glorieux (68 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Goodwill (sloop), 231, 23477. Granada (bomb vessel), 8177., 127, 16077., 163, 177, 216-18, 231; pilot for, 199 Hannah and Elizabeth (John Venteman, master), of New England, 215, 231 Happy Union (Christopher Redshaw, master), 229 Harley (packet boat), 369 Hector (40 guns), coming to New York, 202 Henrietta (Richard Barrington, master), of New England, 215, 231 INDEX 435 Ships’ Names—continued Herbin Galley (John Weston, master), 179,219,230 HJros (54 guns, Lieut. de Beaumont, Commdr.), French, 156, 221, 394, 406; sent with stores, etc., to Quebec, *95> 297-9 Humber (80 guns, Captain Culliford), 24, 8iw., 84-6, 88, 100-1, 103, 117, 120, 127-8, 132-3, 156, 172, 174, 176-8, 181-2, 185-90, 192, 20677., 208, 211-13, 216-21, 231, 292, 331, 335, 351, 389; added to Walker’s fleet, 20-1, 93, 169-71; cruises in Gulf of St. Lawrence, 30, 30^., 86, 134, 327, 329; Walker’s reports sent home by, 67-8, 87; flag transferred to, 96, 177; runs on rock in Boston harbour, 100, 318; bottom inspected by divers, 103, 109; Walker decides to send home, 107, 322, 324, 328, 335; deserters from, 228; temporarily retained, 327 Isabella Anne Katherine (Richard Bayley, master), 178, 218^., 230; lost in disaster, 140, 334, 352 Jason (48 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Jeremiah and Thomas (John Jenkins, master), of New England, 215, 231 Johannah (John Vincale, master), of New England, 231 John and Hannah (Nathaniel Marston, master), of New England, 215, 231 John and Mary (John Stevens, master), of New England, 213, 215, 231 John and Sarah (John Laurence, master), 3577., 179, 2i8«., 231; erroneously recorded as lost in disaster by King and Hill, 334, 352, 352*. Joseph (storeship), 189, 203, 287-8, 303* 339> 345~6 > 375> 375*-> see also under Transports and storeships, loss of three off Cape Breton Kent (70 guns), 95; conscribed as escort by Walker, 22, 96, 177, 181-2; sent back to Plymouth, 97, 182 Kingston (60 guns, Captain Winder), 89> 93> I09> XI 9> !27> J 35> H2, H^, i6on., 163, 176-8, 191, 196, 202, 210-12, 216-17, 238, 331-2, 339; detached to New York, 83, 98, 104, 203, 318, 324, 337, 346; arrives at Spanish River, 88, 146, 331, 352; Ships’ Names—continued to bring provisions from New York, 107; to follow fleet to Quebec, 125; pilot for, 199-200; mistakes British for French fleet, 331 Leopard (50 guns, Captain Cook), xvi, 8iw., 82, 103-4, 127, 136, 146, 163—4, 185-7, 189, 201, 216-18, 228, 271, 275-6, 287, 303, 339, 345; reports disaster to Admiralty, 39, 89, *53> i57> 333> 3 8l > 396 > clean* at Boston, 84, 100, 103-4, 339; picks up survivors after disaster, 88, 139, 142, 330-1, 352; cruises off Placentia and Cape Breton, 104, 117; rejoins Walker, 134, 364; pilot for, 199 Leostoff, see Lowestoft Lis (76 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Lisle (Gregory Shipton, master), 179; illness of master and mate, 154, 229 Loire, of Quebec, 238—9, 247 Lowestoft (32 guns, Captain Gordon), 127, 135, 142, 208—10, 216—17; on expedition against Port Royal, 1710, n; sent for from New York by Walker, 83, 125, 196, 201; pilot for, 199-200 Loyal Merchant (Thomas Fareless, master), 179; found unfit for sea, 85, 116; sent home, 86 Magnanime (76 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Margaret (John Dunn, master), 179, 2i8«., 231 Marlborough (Edward Friend, master), 179, 219, 230; lost in disaster, 140, 333* 352 Marlborough (James Taylor, master), 178, 230 Martha and Hannah (Francis Norris, master), of New England, 215, 231 Mary (William English, master), 231 Mary (Thomas Lewis, master), 179, 210; detached to New York, 83, 98, 203, 318, 321, 324, 337, 339, 346 Mary (Cheeseman Pearcy, master), 179, 219, 230, 375«.; see also under Transports and storeships, loss of three off Cape Breton Mary (Ambrose Wade, master), 179, 294, 377; missing from fleet, 82, 97, 317, 335; in Ireland, 293-4, 349 Medvuay (64 guns) volunteer French pilot from, 95, 181 436 INDEX Ships’ Names — continued Milford (36 guns, Captain Goodall), 238 Monmouth (70 guns, Captain Mitchell), 8i«., 84, 89, 93, 98, 100, 105-6, in, 127-8, 132, 140, 143, 146, i6o«., 163, 176-7, 185-7, 2o6«., 216-19, 230, 232, 234-5, 318; left behind on voyage, 82, 97, 317-18; pilot for, 199, 236; deserters from, 228 Mountague (60 guns, Captain Walton), 8iw., 89, 93, 99, 127-8, 136, 143, 148, 154, 156, i6ow., 163, 176-8, 185-7, 20677., 216-18, 229, 235, 318, 329; narrow escape of, xi, 35, 139, 1415 movements after disaster, 88, 33 1 j takes French prizes, 150, 154; pilot for, 199-200, 237; deserters from, 228; details of provisions for, Nathaniel and Elizabeth (Magnus Howson, master), 178, 218^., 230; lost in disaster, 140, 334, 352 Neptune (storeship), 189, 203, 287-8, 3°3> 339> 345~6> 375> 375«-> *** ^so under Transports and storeships, loss of three off Cape Breton Neptune (sloop, Captain Paradis), French, xv, 28-9, 128, 135, 221, 325-6, 395 Newcastle (Clement Deering, master), of New England, 231 Norwich (54 guns, Captain Studley), 134, 202, 262 Pheasant (John Mason, master), 178, 230 Plymouth (64 guns, Captain Hanway), 95; conscribed as escort by Walker, 22, 96, 177, 181-2; sent back to Plymouth, 97, 182 Prince Eugene (Charles Davis, master), 179, 219, 230, 344 Prote (64 guns), French, reported in Du Guay’s fleet, 222 Province (sloop), 250 Province Galley (Captains Pickering, Southack), 84, 104, 107, 109, 152, 189-91, 196, 201-4, 2IO> 215, 326, 33i> 346, 348 > 361; Southack appointed to, 27, 102, 129, 131, 188, 373-4; to follow fleet when ready, 85-6; arrives at Boston, 129, 347 Queen Anne (George Tucker, master), 130, 229 j commandeered by Walker, 119-20; difficulties over preparing Ships’ Names—continued for sea, 120—4, 346; desertions from, 225-6 Rebecca (Samuel Adams, master), 130, 179, 219, 230; desertions from, 228 Rebecca (Henry Richards, master), of New England, 215, 231 Rebecca Ann Blessing (Richard Harman, master), 179, 217, 219, 230, 293 Recovery (John Lewis, master), 178, 229 . Resolution (Matthew Gilieu, master), 178, 230 Reward (hospital ship, Matthew Lowth, master), 160, 179, 217, 229, 290 Rose (Henry Foster, master), 85, 179, 217, 229 Royal Anne (packet-boat), 262 Sainte-Anne, French, 29 Samuel (John Bluck, master), 178 Samuel (Samuel Ferrier, master), 178, 2i8«., 230 Samuel (William Webber, master), 231 Samuel (J. Whibbean, master), 230 Samuel and Anne (Thomas Walkup, master), 130, 178, 2i8#., 230; lost in disaster, 140, 334, 352; deserters from, 225 Sapphire (40 guns, Captains Cockburn, Rouse), 8itf., 103, 115, 127, 136, 152, 163-4, l85~7? 216-18, 228, 235~6> 2 7 J > 2 75~6 > 28 7» 3°3» 3*6, 33 8~9> 345> 36i> 3775 Vetch ordered to transfer to, 31, 364; carries news of disaster to Boston, 38, 88, 142-3, 331, 366; Walker’s reports sent home by, 67-8; cleans at Boston, 84, 100, 103, 339; sent to Annapolis, 89, 112, 115-16, 323, 337, 340, 343; rejoins fleet, 133, 327, 329, 364; pilot for, 199 Sarah (George Story, master), 179, 219, 230 Seaford (12 guns, Captain Danverse), i56 Shoreham (12 guns), coming to New York, 202 Six Friends (frigate, Captain Sugars), on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 3 Smyrna Merchant (Henry Vernon, master), 178, 2i8«., 230; lost in disaster, 140, 334, 352 Sortings (42 guns, Captain Vanbrough), 156 INDEX 437 Ships’ Names—continued Speedwell (Henry Davis, master), of New England, 213, 215, 231 Squirrel, (12 guns, Captain Campbell), 3
3 r 8> 363; retained in fleet though slightly damaged, 21, 96-7, 174, 182-4; left to assist Monmouth, 82, 97, 317-18; loses foretopmast, 93, 292; to lead line of battle, 127; pilot for, 199, 236; deserters from, 228 Taunton (merchantman), 109 Three Martins (Robert Thompson, master), 178, 2i8w., 230 Torbay (80 guns, Captain Moody), i6ow., 163, 169, 171-2, 174, 176-7, 289-92; omitted from fleet because undermanned, 21, 82, 93, 96-7, 182-3; signal and lighting arrangements with, 94; Walker complains of Captain Moody of, 289 Tritons Prize (30 guns), 83, 127, 135, 142, 154, 209, 216-17; movements after disaster, 89, 154; arrives at Spanish Bay, 150, 333, 353; sent for, from New York, 196, 201; pilot for, 199-200 Two Sheriffs (Luke Rogers, master), 179, 219, 230 Unify (hospital ship, Zach. Fowles and John Richards, masters), of New England, 215, 231 Valeur (frigate), French, loss of, 239-41 Warwick (46 guns, Captain Partington), 238, 332 Webber (merchantman), 368 Weymouth (54 guns), 100, 199, 389; returns from Boston to Jamaica, 84 Willing Mind (John Mackmath, master), 179, 229 Windsor (60 guns, Captain Arris), 8iw., 89, 116, 125, 127-8, 131, 141, 145, Ships’ Names—continued 148, 185-7, 216-18, 220, 229, 235, *37> 2 46 > 324> 327* 334~5> 346-5 J > 354-5, 360, 362, 365; narrow escape of, xi, 35, 139, 141, 330, 350; takes French man of war, 84, 100; Hill to sail in, 85, 107, 116, 345; Arris put in command of, 85; attempt to careen at Boston, 119, 121, 345; pilot for, 199, 236; deserters from, 228 Shipton, Gregory, master of Lisle, transport, 154, 179, 229 Shrewsbury, Charles Talbot, Duke of, Lord Chamberlain, 158 Sickness, 104, 130, 222-3, 3°4> 34*-4> 370; among ships’ crews, 3, 23, 154, 212, 2i2tf.; at Annapolis, 243, 247, 249, 371, 384; on expedition against Annapolis, 1710-11, 263; precautions against, 290 Simmons, Thomas, master of Blenheim, transport, 178, 218^., 230 Skachkook Indians, see under Indians Smallpox, 342-3; on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 3-4 Smith, Captain, of Enterprise, 127, 152, 216 Smith, Edwaid, master of Anna. New England transport, 231 Smithson, Captain, pilot for expedition, to be in reserve, in Edgar, 199 Soanes, Captain Joseph: of Edgar, 108, 176-7; fined for chasing prize against orders, 83, 98, 101-2, 185-6; of Swiftsure, 85, 127, 216, 219, 235, 237-8, 251-2, 354-5 Somersham, Huntingdonshire, home of Sir H. Walker, 14, 63, 65-9 passim Sorel, Canada, 268, 273 South Sea Company, stock used to repay colonial merchants, 47 Southack, Captain Cyprian, no, 131, 152, 250-1, 306, 326, 331; commander of Province Galley by royal Order, 27, 85-6, 102, 129, 188, 375; advises Walker on choice of pilots, 27, 197, 373; unwilling to accompany expedition, 27-8, 129, 131, 377; comment on French pilot, 28, 102, 133; competence of, 374 Southampton, 97 Spain, 12, 17, 19, 35^., 49, 265, 270, 274, 276 Spanish Armada, 44 438 INDEX Spanish Main, Phips’ search for Spanish treasure in, 3 Spanish River (Sydney), Cape Breton Island, 25, 68, 87, 89, 142, 14472., 146, 154;;., 156-7, 211, 216, 251, 327, 334, 354-5, 357, 360, 381-2; Walker’s fleet rendezvous in, 38, 88, 143-4, 232, 331, 351-2,358,366,374, 378; commemorative cross set up at, 39, 153-4 Spanish Succession, War of: essentially a European war, i; Queen’s attitude to, 276-8 Spanish West Indies, possibilities of trade with British colonies, 270 Spelling, in documents, xix Spithead, 93-4, 160, 162-4, J 68-74, 254??., 279-80, 287, 289-92 Spotswood, Colonel Alexander, governor of Virginia, 333 Springfield, Mass., 306 Spur, Major Robert, of Massachusetts, 205 Stevens, John, master of John and Mary, New England transport, 213, 215, 231 Stoke Newington, Middlesex, 69 Story, Charles, secretary of New Hampshire, 258, 309, 372 Story, George, master of Sarah, transport, 179, 219, 230 Stuart, house of, 50-51 Studley, Captain, of Norwich, 202 Stukely, Captain, of Deptford, on expedition against Port Royal, 1707, 5 Subercase, Daniel d’Auger de, governor of Port Royal, 242-3; surrenders Port Royal, 1710, n, 332; British agent instructed to enquire about, i6;/. Suffolk County, Mass., 207 Sugars, Captain, of Six Friends, frigate, on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 3 Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of, 262; dismissed as secretary of state, 1710, 10 Swift, Jonathan, 16 Sydney Harbour, see Spanish River TADOUSSAC, 298-9, 316, 361, 392; reached by Phips’ expedition, 1690, 3 Taschereau, Elzear Alexandre, Cardinal archbishop of Quebec, 42 Tayler, Colonel William, appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, 381 Taylor, James, master of Marlb’orough, transport, 140, 178, 230 Taylor, Thomas, carpenter of Humber, appointed master shipwright, 85, 214 Thames, River, 35;?. Thomas, Captain, of Colonel Clayton’s regiment, lost in disaster, 333 Thomas, Stephen, master of Delight, transport, 178, 219 Thompson, Robert, master of Three Martins, transport, 178, 21877., 230 Thorn, lighterman of Boston, 123 Tobacco trade, 270 Tor Bay, Devonshire, 180 Torcy, Marquis de, 17 Tories, 4672., 50, 51; Ministry, 1710, 10; strong urge to end war, 1710, 10; attitude to projected conquests in North America, 1710-11, 10, 12; attitude of Ministry to Walker after disaster, 45-6, 60-1, 72, 74 Townsend, Colonel Penn, of Massachusetts, J.P., 207, 305, 343 Tozer, Nicholas, master of Sunderland, transferred to Dunkirk, 86 Trade, 50; overseas, of Britain, i, 6, 21, 167, 169, 183, 200-2, 258, 267; seaborne, of New England, 8, 200, 257; fur, of New England, 8, 334; illicit, with Canada, see under Vetch, Colonel Samuel; acquisition of Canadian, an advantage to British colonies, 73, 258, 267, 269-70, 277; French, in North America, 258, 261, 267, 269, 299, 4115 French menace to colonial trade, 269, 321; tobacco, 270 Transport Board, 172, 191; part in costs of Walker expedition, 48, 166, 16672. Transports and storeships, 10, 1377., 18, 26, 31, 38, 81, 83-4, 89, 92-101, 103-4, 107-8, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, i27~9> i33» ’35-7> i4i~5> I 49~5°j 156-7, 160, 166, 173, 180, 186, 188-9, 191, 203, 205, 210, 227-8, 235-8, 252-3, 274-5, 2 8o, 28 7> 290, 295, 300, 303, 318, 320, 324, 335, 345~8> 35 2 > 361, 363, 366, 374, 377, 3 88-9> J °ss of, in disaster, xi, xiii, 35, 357?., 87, 235, 330, 350, 352; loss of three off Cape Breton, xv, 74, 375; on expeditions against Port Royal, 5, n; numbers of, in Walker’s fleet, 30, 96, 126-7, 178-9; of New England, in Walker’s fleet, 40, 100, 109, jj6; 119, 121, 123-5, I28> 148-50, 152, 154, 165-6, 203, 213-15, INDEX 439 223-4, 226-7, 231, 308-9, 325-6* 33 *> 333> 357. 3^6, 374> 378, 382; Nicholson’s failure to send to New York, see under Nicholson, Colonel Francis; agent for, see Foster, Henry; new, acquired in New England, 118-20, 323-4, 343~4> 352J arrangements for, on voyage to St. Lawrence River, 128, 132, 218-19, 229, 232-4, 363; Instructions to Walker concerning, 163-7 passim; Walker’s complaints against masters of, 181, 292; naval protection for, on coasts of colonies, 190, 196 Treasury, 46-8, 106, 275, 278-9, 284, 289, 328, 408-9, 411j put in commission, 1710, 10 Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, x, 144-5 Trinity House, 86 Trois Rivieres, 75, 264, 268, 273, 308, 316 Tucker, George, master of Queen Anne, transport, 130, 229; complains of desertions, 225-6 Tuthill, Captain Zechariah, of Boston, 388 Twisden, Captain, of Colonel Kane’s regiment, lost in disaster, 333 Twizleton, Colonel, of New England forces, 341, 343, 377 UTRECHT, Treaty of, 50 Utrecht, University of, 6, 8 VANBROUGH, Captain, of Sortings, 156-7 Vane, Captain, engineer, 265 Vane, Lieutenant-Colonel, 143 Vaudreuil, Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de, Governor of Quebec, 30, 41, 43, 241-2, 244, 246, 249, 264-5, 296, 298-9, 327, 332-3, 373, 379, 392, 405 Venice, 51, 70 Venteman, John, master of Hannah and Elizabeth, New England transport, 215, 231 Vera Cruz, 246; governor of, 246 Vernon, Henry, master of Smyrna Merchant, transport, 178, 2i8w., 230; drowned in disaster, 140 Vetch, Colonel Samuel, xvii, 50, 103, 119, 132, 148, 152, 187, 231, 251-2, 281, 302, 306, 318-19, 323, 326, 337-8, 340, 353~5> 359-66, 377, 3$i-5> 400-1; advocates conquest of Acadia and Canada, 6-9, 12, 359, 392; career, 7-9, 4677.; negotiates at Quebec and Port Royal, 1705-6, 8, 373, 379, 391-2; adjutant-general in expedition against Port Royal, n, 359; distrust of French pilot, 28, 132, 132^., 362-4; conduct on voyage to St. Lawrence, 30-1, 363-6; as pilot, 30-1, 237, 359, 366; attitude to Walker, 30, 33, 364-5; advice after disaster, 36-8, 361-2; defends colonies, 46; governor of Annapolis Royal, 1710, 46^., 131, 149, 359, 392; comment on French strategy, 75; commands Massachusetts forces, 128, 187, 359-60, 378; Journal of, 362-6 (text), .382 Victualling Board, 24, 86, 92, tor, 104, 108, 128, 130, 166, i66n., 288, 344, 346 Villette, Frere Louis de, 40472. Vincale, John, master of Johannah, New England transport, 231 Virgin Mary, the Blessed, hailed as saviour of Canada, 41-2, 392-3, 396-9, 403-5 Virginia, 7, 83, 116-17, 150, 196, 201, 210-11, 260, 263, 268, 275, 333, 353; provisions for Walker expedition from, 23* 209, 308, 333, 336 Vybert, Matthew (or J.), master of Four Friends, New England transport, 215, 231 WADE, Captain, of Adventure, 377 Wade, Ambrose, master of Mary, transport, 179, 317 Wadsworth, Rev. Benjamin, of Boston, 388 Wainwright, John, Harvard student, on expedition, 390-1 Walker, Admiral Sir Hovenden, ix, xi-xiii, vxi, 20, 29, 36^., 44, 48, 48^., 116, 126-8, 185-6, 192, 197, 204, 216, 223, 231, 235, 251, 280, 284, 290, 303, 309> 3i7-3i passim, m, 337-4O, 343~6, 348, 35°> 35 2~9> 361-6, 369, 372-4, 376, 379-^0, 382-3, 388-90, 396, 400; Journal, ix, xiv, xvi, xix, 19, 29, 35^., 51, 51*., 52, 53-254 (text), 72, 80-1, 328^., 358^.; abilities, xiv, 16, i6n., 30; dismissal from service, 1715, xiv, 51, 51^.; decisions on actions after disaster, xiv, 36, 38-9, 142, 144-5, 147, 440 INDEX 237-8; appointment, 14, 14^., 16, 91; career, 14-16, 50-2, 56, 60-70; comments on secrecy about preparations 19; part in preparations for expedition, 21-2, 91-4, 168-9, 172-4* 176-8, 180-3, 189-92, 196-203, 208, 210-14, 216-22, 289-92; comments on price and supply of provisions in Boston, 23-4, 64-5, 82, 101, 105, 107, 109, in; part in provisioning in Boston, 24, 86, 103, 105-6, 114, 188, 229, 321, 343-4; comments on desertions, 26-7, 118-20, 124, 130-1, 185, 203, 222-3, 22 6> 228 357; acquires and comments on pilots for St. Lawrence, see under Pilots; dealings with Vetch on voyage, 30-1, I 3 2~3> 363-5; Joss of papers, etc., with Edgar, 39, 51, 56, 58, 157; complaints against colonies, 40, 46, 81—2, 106-7, 115-16, 123, 146, 222-3, 226-9, 356-7, 359, 389; reception of, in England after disaster, 45-6, 56; politics of, 51, 60-1, 70; defence of, against accusations, 57-65, 7o~7> 79-80; correspondence with Burchett, 63-9, 81-9; Instructions to, 65-9, 71-2, 83, 91-2, 98, 116-18, 142, 144, 147, 163-8 (text), 196, 203, 226, 237, 251, 354; letter-book of, 68; comment on Carolina, 80; comments on navigational difficulties, 77-8, 103, 105, 107, 114-17, 135, 141; comment on expedition beforehand, 116-17; comments on Mohawk visitors, 125-6, 128; commission, warrant, and Orders from Admiralty to, 159-63 (texts); complains of masters of transports, 181, 292 Walker expedition, 1711, i, 56, 59, 116-17, 163, 184, 300; wreck in St. Lawrence River, see under Wreck; reasons for revival of 1709 project, 12-13; preparations for, in New York and New England, 12, 17, 23-30, 64-5, 82, 101-31, 184-229, and see under names of colonies; secrecy about preparations in England, 13, 16-21, 95, 164, 171-2, 181, 271, 274, 277, 293-5, 298, 327, 331-2, 378; political background of, xix, 13^.; preparations in England, 13-22, 91-5, 159-81; cruisers to accompany fleet, 22, 82, 168-972., 294; voyage from Boston to St. Lawrence River, 30-3, 132-7; disaster to, 33-6, 42-3, 87-8, 138-9, 142, 144, 147, 235, 330, 350, 352, 361, 365, 376, 395,406-7; decision to return to England, 38-9, 89, 144-5, X 47~8 > 151, 252, 333-4, 355, 366, 374; effects of disaster on British colonial relations, 40; cost and accounts of, 47-51, 66-9, 119-20, 202; reactions to disaster in England, 45-6, 56-8, 61, 72, 74; Instructions for, see under names of senior officers; accounts of, by naval officers, 67; details of ships in fleet, 8iw., 96, 127-8, 177-9, 2l6 > voyage from England to Boston, 96-100; small boats for use on, 106, 122, 125, 128, i3°> I 39> l6 5> 2I4-I 5> 282> 3°4» 339~4°> 378; agents victuallers for, 24, 86, 103-4, 107-9, 112, 114, 120, 123, 148, 188, 229, 323-4, 344, 355, 383; artillery train, 27, 86, 115, 127, 131, 173-4, ’79> 219, 230, 270, 280-1, 300, 319, 340; arrangements for fleet on voyage, 127-8, 136, 177-8, 216, 232-5, 363-4; reports of, in French North America, 221, 239, 239?*., 242, 242*., 244-7; directions for raising colonial forces for, 271-2; directions for raising money in colonies, 275, 284, 306; delays in leaving England, 289-91, and see under St. John, Henry, and Anne, Queen of England; details of losses in disaster, 333-4, 353; articles of impeachment of Earl of Oxford, concerning, 408-10 Walkup, Thomas, master of Samuel and Anne, transport, 130, 178, 21877., 227-8, 230; drowned in disaster, 140; complains of deserters being harboured in Boston, 225 Wallis, Joseph, pilot for expedition, allotted to Edgar and then Chester, 199-200, 2o8«. Walton, Captain George, of Mountague, 127, 142, 176-7, 185-7, 216, 235, 237-8, 251-2, 254«., 354-5J takes French sloop, 150, 156 Walton, Colonel Shadrach, 251-2, 303, 354-5; commands New Hampshire and Rhode Island forces in expedition, 128, 148 Webber, W7 illiam, master of Samuel, transport, 231 Welsh, John, Jr., master of Elizabeth, New England transport, 213, 215, 231 West Indies, 17, $on., 63, no, 221, 267; French menace to British islands, 6; Walker’s idea of possible action in, after disaster, 144; supplied by North INDEX 441 American fisheries, 269; provisions for, from North America, 270; plan for enterprise in, after Canada taken, dropped, 349, 356. See also Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Jamaica, Martinique, Porto Rico, St. Domingo Westminster Abbey, 57 Weston, John, master of Herbin Galley’, 179, 219, 230 Weston, Richard, 82, no, 134; appointed purser of Swiftsure, 85 Weymouth, Mass., 204 Whalley, Major John, commander of land forces on Phips’ expedition, 1690, 4 W7heler, Admiral Sir Francis, projected attack on Quebec by, 1692-3, 79, 105 Whibbean, J., master of Samuel, transport, 230 Whigs, 14, 46, 46^., 60; fall of government, 1710, 10 Whitaker, Admiral Sir Edward, 92-3, 167-8, 171, 289-92 Whitehall, 168-9, 171, 175, 180, 256-7, 264, 276, 348, 356, 374 Whiten, Colonel 3405 commands Connecticut forces for expedition, 187 Whitfield, Walter, Paymaster of marines, 49 Wight, Isle of, 97, 162 Wilcomb, William, New Englander captured by French Indians, 149 William III, King of England, 8, 71, 200; financial support to Sir William Phips, 3; refusal to undertake further expedition, 79 Williams, Captain Samuel, of Piscataqua: pilot for expedition, to be in reserve, in Edgar> 199, 2o8w.; non-appearance of, 213-14 Winder, Captain John, of Kingston, 107, 127, 146-7, 176-7, 210, 212, 216, 238, 250-2, 354-5; orders to, 211 (text) Windress, Colonel William, 251-2, 354-5; regiment of, to join Walker expedition, 1377., 18, 126, 280; men of regiment lost in disaster, 140, 333, 350, 352; disposition of regiment in fleet, 178, 21877., 230 Windsor, 158, 348 Winthrop, Fitz-John, 6n. Winthrop, John, governor of Connecticut, 6n.} 17/7., 40 Winthrop, Major-General Wait, 1777., 305 Wishart, Admiral Sir James, 170, 175 Wood Creek, N.Y., 316, 337, 347. 368-9, 376; overland expedition to. see under Montreal Woodside, Chaplain, of Colonel Kane’s regiment, lost in disaster, 333 Wreck of the Walker expedition: exact position of, difficult to identify, ix, xi-xii; number of ships lost, ix; salvage from, xii, xiiw., 43, 398-9, 407-8; survivors from, 43-4, 88, 139, 330-1, 350, 352, 406; legends of ghosts seen near, 45, 4577.; poems celebrating, in Canada, 396-7, 399-405 (texts); French account of scene, 398, 405-7 Wyatt, lighterman of Boston, 123 YOUNG, Alexander, boatswain ofHutnber, appointed master attendant, 85, 344
Gerald Graham was born on 27 April 1903 in Ontario, Canada. His father was a Presbyterian minister
from Scotland, his mother was Irish. He was an outstanding student at Queen͛s University, Kingston,
Ontario, gaining a BA in 1924, and an MA in 1925. He won a scholarship to Harvard in 1927 and
another to Trinity College Cambridge where he completed his PhD in 1927. He won a Rockefeller
fellowship for 1929-30, spending time in Germany and then taught at Harvard from 1930. He moved
back to Ontario to Queen͛s as professor in 1936. In 1941 a Guggenheim fellowship took him back to
the USA but in 1941 he joined up ending as an instructor at Canada͛s navy officer training school as a
lieutenant commander. He served on destroyers during his vacations and saw service on D Day.
After the war he moved permanently to London, as a lecturer and in 1947 a reader in history at
Birkbeck College. In 1949 he was appointed Rhodes professor in imperial history at King͛s College,
London and published a series of important books analysing the links between sea power and
imperial policy.
His tenure of the Rhodes chair coincided with growing African nationalism and decolonisation. His
seminar at the IHR became an engine for the decolonisation of imperial history, attracting students
from all over the world. After his retirement a list of his post-graduate students occupying university
positions contained over two hundred names. He died on 5 July 1988.
His publications include
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